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High-intensity sweetener consumption and gut microbiome content and predicted gene function in a cross-sectional study of adults in the United States
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate gut microbiome in relation to recent high-intensity sweetener consumption in healthy adults.Methods Thirty-one adults completed a four-day food record and provided a fecal sample on the fifth day. Bacterial community in the samples was analyzed using multitag pyrosequencing. Across consumers and nonconsumers of aspartame and acesulfame-K, bacterial abundance was compared using nonparametric statistics, and bacterial diversity was compared using UniFrac analysis. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) was used to predict mean relative abundance of gene function.Results There were seven aspartame consumers and seven acesulfame-K consumers. Three individuals overlapped groups, consuming both sweeteners. There were no differences in median bacterial abundance (class or order) across consumers and nonconsumers of either sweetener. Overall bacterial diversity was different across nonconsumers and consumers of aspartame (P < .01) and acesulfame-K (P = .03). Mean predicted gene abundance did not differ across consumers and nonconsumers of aspartame or acesulfame-K.Conclusions Bacterial abundance profiles and predicted gene function were not associated with recent dietary high-intensity sweetener consumption. However, bacterial diversity differed across consumers and nonconsumers. Given the increasing consumption of sweeteners and the role that the microbiome may have in chronic disease outcomes, work in further studies is warranted.
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“Although earlier human studies indicated detrimental effects on microbial diversity and composition (99, 100) and a more recent study linked consumption of nonnutritive sweeteners to a “dysbiosis” [an increasingly redundant term in microbiome research (171)] and a decrease in butyrate concentration (172), some reports have concluded that no clear effects of sweeteners on the microbiota can be”
From Diet and the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Sowing the Seeds of Good Mental Health (2021) · cites this paper as [99]
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“In this regard, a recent study has shown that gut bacterial diversity could be affected by recent (four-day food record) sweetener consumption (aspartame and acesulfame potassium) [142].”
BackgroundDiet and the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Sowing the Seeds of Good Mental Health
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Metadata
- Authors
- Frankenfeld, C. L., Sikaroodi, M., Lamb, E., Shoemaker, S., & Gillevet, P. M.
- Affiliations
- George Mason University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Frankenfeld, Cara L.
- Venue
- Annals of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-10
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 736-742.e4
- ISSN
- 1047-2797 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1823483046
- Cited by
- 123
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 2.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- George Mason University Microbiome Analysis Center
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Keywords
- high-intensity sweeteners, gut microbiota, aspartame, acesulfame-K, bacterial diversity, bacterial abundance, healthy adults
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Aspartame, Energy Intake, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dietary Carbohydrates, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Feces, Female, Humans, Male, Sweetening Agents, Thiazines, United States, Diet Records, Body Mass Index
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