Reward feedback processing in children and adolescents: medial frontal theta oscillations
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We examined event-related electroencephalography (EEG) oscillations, including event-related spectral perturbations (ERSP) and intertrial coherence (ITC), to compare feedback processing during a chance-based reward vs. non-reward task in groups of 10-12-year-old (n=42), 13-14-year-old (n=34) and 15-17-year-olds (n=32). Because few, if any studies have applied these analytic methods to examine feedback processing in children or adolescents, we used a fine-grained approach that explored one half hertz by 16ms increments during feedback (no win vs. win events) in the theta (4-8Hz) frequency band. Complex wavelet frequency decomposition revealed that no win feedback was associated with enhanced theta power and phase coherence. We observed condition and age-based differences for both ERSP and ITC, with stronger effects for ITC. The transition from childhood to early adolescence (13-14yrs.) was a point of increased differentiation of ITC favoring no win vs. wins feedback and also compared to children or older adolescents, a point of heightened ITC for no win feedback (quadratic effect).
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At least two cross-sectional studies have demonstrated that mediofrontal theta synchronization decreases on average during early to late adolescence.
“During early to late adolescence, at least two cross-sectional studies have demonstrated that mediofrontal theta synchronization decreases, on average, which mirrors the overall pattern observed in the current longitudinal study.”
From Adolescent cognitive control and mediofrontal theta oscillations are disrupted by neglect: Associations with transdiagnostic risk for psychopathology in a randomized controlled trial (2020) · cites this paper as Crowley et al., 2014
Crowley et al. (2014) reported that task-related mediofrontal theta power and synchronization increased from childhood to early adolescence, but then decreased from early to late adolescence.
“Crowley et al. (2014) reported that task-related mediofrontal theta power and synchronization increased from childhood to early adolescence, but then decreased from early to late adolescence.”
From Adolescent cognitive control and mediofrontal theta oscillations are disrupted by neglect: Associations with transdiagnostic risk for psychopathology in a randomized controlled trial (2020) · cites this paper as Crowley et al., 2014
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- Authors
- Crowley, M. J., van Noordt, S. J. R., Wu, J., Hommer, R. E., South, M., Fearon, R. M. P., & Mayes, L. C.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Brigham Young University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Crowley, Michael J.
- Venue
- Brain and Cognition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-08
- Volume
- 89
- Pages
- 79-89
- ISSN
- 0278-2626 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4062620
- OpenAlex
- W2071568641
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 1.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Brain and Cognition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Gustavus and Louise Pfeiffer Research Foundation
- Yale University
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression
- Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
- National Institutes of Health (1ul1rr024925-01, UL1TR000142)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R25MH077823, T32MH018268)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA006025, R01 DA06025, R01DA017863, K01DA034125, DA017863)
- National Center for Research Resources (1UL1RR024925-01, UL1-RR024925, UL1RR024139)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- theta oscillations, medial frontal cortex, children, adolescents, event-related spectral perturbation, inter-trial phase coherence, phase coherence, age differences, transition to adolescence
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Age Factors, Child, Evoked Potentials, Female, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Male, Reward, Theta Rhythm, Feedback, Psychological, Adolescent Development
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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