The DOI matches its Crossref record; 124 of the 125 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A comprehensive overview of exosomes as drug delivery vehicles — Endogenous nanocarriers for targeted cancer therapy
Abstract
Exosomes denote a class of secreted nanoparticles defined by size, surface protein and lipid composition, and the ability to carry RNA and proteins. They are important mediators of intercellular communication and regulators of the cellular niche, and their altered characteristics in many diseases, such as cancer, suggest them to be important both for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, prompting the idea of using exosomes as drug delivery vehicles, especially for gene therapy. This review covers the current status of evidence presented in the field of exosome-based drug delivery systems. Components for successful exosome-based drug delivery, such as choice of donor cell, therapeutic cargo, use of targeting peptide, loading method and administration route are highlighted and discussed with a general focus pertaining to the results obtained in models of different cancer types. In addition, completed and on-going clinical trials are described, evaluating exosome-based therapies for the treatment of different cancer types. Due to their endogenous origin, exosome-based drug delivery systems may have advantages in the treatment of cancer, but their design needs further refinement to justify their usage on the clinical scale.
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“Furthermore, their high biocompatibility and low immunogenicity enhance their uptake profile, their stability in systemic circulation, and their in vitro and in vivo therapeutic efficacy [229,230].”
From Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment Strategies and Their Limitations. (2022) · cites this paper as [230]
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1 retracted
Rana, S., Yue, S., Stadel, D., & Zöller, M. (2012) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2012.06.018 · Cited by 688
RetractedValadi, H., Ekström, K., Bossios, A., Sjöstrand, M., Lee, J. J., & Lötvall, J. O. (2007) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb1596 · Cited by 12,834
Tumor vascular permeability and the EPR effect in macromolecular therapeutics: a review
Maeda, H., Wu, J., Sawa, T., Matsumura, Y., & Hori, K. (2000) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/s0168-3659(99)00248-5 · Cited by 6,565
Skog, J., Würdinger, T., van Rijn, S., Meijer, D. H., Gainche, L., Curry, W. T., Carter, B. S., Krichevsky, A. M., & Breakefield, X. O. (2008) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb1800 · Cited by 5,001
Delivery of siRNA to the mouse brain by systemic injection of targeted exosomes
Alvarez-Erviti, L., Seow, Y., Yin, H., Betts, C., Lakhal, S., & Wood, M. J. A. (2011) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.1807 · Cited by 4,930
Membrane vesicles as conveyors of immune responses
Théry, C., Ostrowski, M., & Segura, É. (2009) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2567 · Cited by 3,996
Ceramide Triggers Budding of Exosome Vesicles into Multivesicular Endosomes
Trajković, K., Hsu, C., Chiantia, S., Rajendran, L., Wenzel, D., Wieland, F., Schwille, P., Brügger, B., & Simons, M. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1153124 · Cited by 3,760
Melanoma exosomes educate bone marrow progenitor cells toward a pro-metastatic phenotype through MET
Peinado, H., Alečković, M., Lavotshkin, S., Matei, I., Costa-Silva, B., Moreno-Bueno, G., Hergueta-Redondo, M., Williams, C., García-Santos, G., Ghajar, C. M., et al. (2012) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.2753 · Cited by 3,715
Strategies in the design of nanoparticles for therapeutic applications
Petros, R. A., & DeSimone, J. M. (2010) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd2591 · Cited by 3,651
Extracellular vesicles: biology and emerging therapeutic opportunities
EL Andaloussi, S., Mäger, I., Breakefield, X. O., & Wood, M. J. A. (2013) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd3978 · Cited by 3,571
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1 of the 125 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
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Anti-inflammatory mechanisms of breast milk exosomes in neonatal immune development
Kosma, E., Tsinoglou, M., Michopoulou, V., Papaspyrou, A., Rodoglou, P., Papakonstantinou, E., Vlachakis, D., Adamopoulos, C., & Piperi, C. (2026) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2026.124668
Beyond the Cell: Stem Cell‐Derived Exosomes as Next‐Generation Tools in Regenerative Therapy
El-Kady, H. A., Abdelgilil, M. E., Mandour, H. W., Altartoor, R. A. I., El-Wahab, Z. M. A., Alosman, S., Abdelzaher, S. M., Fangary, I. M., & Hosny, Y. (2026) · Stem Cells International · doi:10.1155/sci/1054968
Kim, S., Park, H., Kim, S., Lee, S., Liu, H., Nam, H., Choi, Y., Lee, Y.-K., & Kim, Y. (2026) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.6c14250
Metadata
- Authors
- Johnsen, K. B., Gudbergsson, J. M., Skov, M. N., Pilgaard, L., Moos, T., & Duroux, M.
- Affiliations
- Aalborg University (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Duroux, Meg
- Venue
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-08
- Volume
- 1846
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 75-87
- ISSN
- 0304-419X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2151079805
- Cited by
- 704
- References
- 125
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 51 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 63 · 2021: 69 · 2020: 77 · 2019: 78 · 2018: 82 · 2017: 76 · 2016: 46 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 6
- FWCI
- 5.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Harboefonden (839070)
- Spar Nord Fonden (839071)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Keywords
- exosomes, exosome-based drug delivery, targeted cancer therapy, gene therapy, intercellular communication, targeting peptides, route of administration, clinical trials, cancer
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antineoplastic Agents, Drug Carriers, Humans, Neoplasms, Pharmaceutical Vehicles, Nanoparticles, Exosomes, Molecular Targeted Therapy
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