Cytokine levels in the blood may distinguish suicide attempters from depressed patients
Open accessAbstract
Elevated plasma cytokines is a common finding in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), although not consistent. It is currently not known whether the inflammatory changes are confined to any specific subgroup of depressive patients. We here analyzed three inflammatory markers in suicidal and non-suicidal depressed patients, as well as healthy controls. Plasma interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured in 47 suicide attempters, 17 non-suicidal depressed patients and 16 healthy controls. Study participants were evaluated using the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS) with subscales for anxiety and degree of depression, as well as the Suicide Assessment Scale (SUAS). We found increased levels of IL-6 and TNF-α as well as decreased IL-2 concentrations in suicide attempters compared to non-suicidal depressed patients and healthy controls. The results were adjusted for potential confounders of cytokine expression, such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI), degree of depression, anxiety, personality disturbance, abuse and type of medication. These results demonstrate for the first time that suicidal patients display a distinct peripheral blood cytokine profile compared to non-suicidal depressed patients. Thus, our study provides further support for a role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of suicidality.
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Both increased and decreased levels of circulating peripheral inflammatory markers have been observed in suicide attempters compared with nonattempters.
“However, both increased [25][26][27] and decreased [28] levels of circulating peripheral inflammatory markers have been observed in suicide attempters compared with nonattempters.”
From SUICIDAL IDEATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH ELEVATED INFLAMMATION IN PATIENTS WITH MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER: Research Article: Suicidal Ideation and Inflammation (2013) · cites this paper as [26]
Patients with major depressive disorder who attempt or complete suicide have elevated inflammation compared with nonsuicidal patients with major depressive disorder.
“Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who attempt or complete suicide have elevated inflammation compared to nonsuicidal patients with MDD.”
From SUICIDAL IDEATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH ELEVATED INFLAMMATION IN PATIENTS WITH MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER: Research Article: Suicidal Ideation and Inflammation (2013) · cites this paper as [26]
Previous research shows that suicide attempters have higher levels of inflammatory markers than comparison participants without a history of suicide attempts.
“previous research showing that suicide attempters have higher levels of inflammatory markers than comparison participants without a history of suicide attempts.[26,27]”
From SUICIDAL IDEATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH ELEVATED INFLAMMATION IN PATIENTS WITH MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER: Research Article: Suicidal Ideation and Inflammation (2013) · cites this paper as [26]
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- Authors
- Janelidze, S., Mattei, D., Westrin, Å., Träskman-Bendz, L., & Brundin, L.
- Affiliations
- Lund University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Brundin, Lena
- Venue
- Brain Behavior and Immunity
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-02
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 335-339
- ISSN
- 0889-1591 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2021691186
- Cited by
- 298
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 5.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- lup.lub.lu.se
- Licence
- Locations
- Brain Behavior and Immunity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- suicide attempters, major depressive disorder, plasma cytokines, interleukin-6, interleukin-2, TNF-α, inflammation, inflammatory markers, suicidality, depression pathophysiology
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Antidepressive Agents, Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Interleukin-2, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Regression Analysis, Suicide, Attempted, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-6, Cytokines, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Suicidal Ideation
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