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Endogenous anxiety and stress responses in water maze and Barnes maze spatial memory tasks
Open accessAbstract
The effects of abnormally high or low stress on learning are well established. The Barnes maze and Morris water maze are two commonly used tests of spatial memory, of which the water maze is considered more stressful; however, until now this has not been demonstrated empirically. In the present study, mice matched for performance on commonly used anxiety tasks were trained on either the Barnes maze or water maze or received no cognitive testing. Water-maze training induced greater increases in plasma corticosterone than did Barnes maze training, assessed 30 min after the final session. Importantly, spatial learning was inversely correlated with corticosterone levels in the water maze but not the Barnes maze, suggesting that performance on the water maze may be more affected by test-induced stress even within wild-type subjects of the same age and gender. These findings are important when considering the appropriate cognitive tasks for any experiment in which stress responses may differ systematically across groups.
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“However, the Barnes maze has the advantage of avoiding the strong aversive stimulus of swimming that may affect performance (43).”
From Perivascular macrophages mediate the neurovascular and cognitive dysfunction associated with hypertension (2016) · cites this paper as [43]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Harrison, F. E., Hosseini, A. H., & McDonald, M. P.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Harrison, F.E.
- Venue
- Behavioural Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-03
- Volume
- 198
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 247-251
- ISSN
- 0166-4328 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2663577
- OpenAlex
- W1983937997
- Semantic Scholar
- 2358b038bb4b6c3e5baca7861948d8bee4686ece
- Cited by
- 399
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 7.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Behavioural Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG022439, AG-022439)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK59637, DK 20593, U24DK059637, P30DK020593)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Keywords
- spatial memory, water maze, Barnes maze, corticosterone, anxiety, stress hormones, spatial learning, mice, cognitive assessment
- MeSH terms
- Analysis of Variance, Animals, Anxiety, Cognition, Corticosterone, Exploratory Behavior, Male, Memory, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Psychomotor Performance, Radioimmunoassay, Social Behavior, Space Perception, Spatial Behavior, Stress, Psychological, Swimming, Maze Learning, Mice
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