Online effects of transcranial direct current stimulation in real time on human prefrontal and striatal metabolites
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Background Studies have reported that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can modulate human behaviors, symptoms, and neural activity; however, the neural effects during stimulation are unknown. Most studies compared the effects of tDCS before and after stimulation. The objective of our study was to measure the neurobiological effect of a single tDCS dose during stimulation.Methods We conducted an online and offline protocol combining tDCS and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in 17 healthy participants. We applied anodal tDCS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and cathodal tDCS over the right DLPFC for 30 minutes, one of the most common montages used with tDCS. We collected MRS measurements in the left DLPFC and left striatum during tDCS and an additional MRS measurement in the left DLPFC immediately after the end of stimulation.Results During stimulation, active tDCS, as compared with sham tDCS, elevated prefrontal N-acetylaspartate and striatal glutamate + glutamine but did not induce significant differences in prefrontal or striatal gamma-aminobutyric acid level. Immediately after stimulation, active tDCS, as compared with sham tDCS, did not significantly induce differences in glutamate + glutamine, N-acetylaspartate, or gamma-aminobutyric acid levels in the left DLPFC.Conclusions These observations indicate that tDCS over the DLPFC has fast excitatory effects, acting on prefrontal and striatal transmissions, and these effects are short lived. One may postulate that repeated sessions of tDCS might induce similar longer lasting effects of elevated prefrontal N-acetylaspartate and striatal glutamate + glutamine levels, which may contribute to its behavioral and clinical effects.
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tDCS can modulate both neurotransmission and network connectivity patterns in the subcortical and cortical components of CSTC loops when targeting the salience network via the dlPFC.
“Taken together, these findings suggest that tDCS can indeed modulate both neurotransmission and network connectivity patterns in the subcortical as well as the cortical components of CSTC loops when targeting the SN (i.e., via the dlPFC).”
From Cortico-striatal-thalamic loop circuits of the salience network: A central pathway in psychiatric disease and treatment (2016) · cites this paper as Hone-Blanchet et al., 2015
Active but not sham dlPFC-tDCS increases levels of glutamate and glutamine in the striatum and N-acetylaspartate in the dlPFC.
“Finally, a recent study using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has for the first time directly demonstrated that active but not sham dlPFC-tDCS (anodal left, cathodal right) increases levels of glutamate and glutamine in the striatum as well as N-acetylaspartate in the dlPFC itself (Hone-Blanchet et al., 2015).”
From Cortico-striatal-thalamic loop circuits of the salience network: A central pathway in psychiatric disease and treatment (2016) · cites this paper as Hone-Blanchet et al., 2015
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- Authors
- Hone-Blanchet, A., Edden, R. A., & Fecteau, S.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fecteau, Shirley
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-09
- Volume
- 80
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 432-438
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5512102
- OpenAlex
- W2185428045
- Cited by
- 110
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7
- FWCI
- 5.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (P41EB015909, R01EB016089)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Neurological disorders and treatments
- Keywords
- transcranial direct current stimulation, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, striatum, N-acetylaspartate, glutamate/glutamine, GABA, brain metabolites, excitatory effects
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aspartic Acid, Corpus Striatum, Double-Blind Method, Female, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Glutamine, Humans, Male, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Prefrontal Cortex, Glutamic Acid, Young Adult, Healthy Volunteers, Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
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