Untangling the associations between generalized anxiety and body dissatisfaction: The mediating effects of social physique anxiety among collegiate men and women
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Researchers disagree on which types of anxiety influence body dissatisfaction and how gender (cisgender men vs. cisgender women) may impact these associations. Specifically, little is known about how generalized anxiety and social physique anxiety combine to predict body dissatisfaction in men and women. The purpose of the present study was to explore a moderated mediation model in which the relationships between generalized anxiety and body dissatisfaction (drive for thinness and drive for muscularity) were mediated by social physique anxiety and moderated by gender. Data from 423 U.S. college students (n = 259 women) were analyzed using multigroup structural equation modeling. Generalized anxiety was positively associated with social physique anxiety, and this association was significantly stronger for men than for women. Neither social physique anxiety nor generalized anxiety were associated with drive for muscularity. Social physique anxiety was positively and significantly associated with drive for thinness equally for men and women and emerged as a significant mediator. These results highlight gender differences/similarities in body image and suggest drive for thinness and social physique anxiety may have a common factor of generalized anxiety. When helping clients who suffer with body dissatisfaction, clinicians and researchers may wish to focus on generalized anxiety (and not just social physique anxiety).
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A relationship between anxiety and drive for thinness has been shown.
“Another research study showed a relationship between anxiety and drive for thinness [62].”
From The Effect of Anxiety and Nutritional Habits on the Body Distortion of Athletes. (2025) · cites this paper as [62]
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Development and Initial Validity Evidence for the Height Dissatisfaction ScalePreprint
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- Authors
- Pritchard, M., Brasil, K., McDermott, R., & Holdiman, A.
- Affiliations
- Boise State University (US)
- University of South Alabama (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pritchard, Mary
- Venue
- Body Image
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-12
- Volume
- 39
- Pages
- 266-275
- ISSN
- 1740-1445 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3211079729
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 83
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4
- FWCI
- 2.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- Locations
- Body Image (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ScholarWorks (Boise State University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- generalized anxiety disorder, social physique anxiety, body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness, drive for muscularity, gender differences, university students, moderated mediation
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety, Body Image, Drive, Female, Humans, Male, Thinness, Universities
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