Agmatine improves the behavioral and cognitive impairments associated with chronic gestational ethanol exposure in rats
Abstract
Chronic maternal ethanol exposure leads to poor intelligence, impaired cognition and array of neurological symptoms in offsprings and commonly referred as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Despite high prevalence and severity, the neurochemical basis of FASD remains largely unexplored. The present study evaluated the pharmacological effects of agmatine in cognitive deficits associated with FAS in rat's offsprings prenatally exposed to alcohol. Pregnant rats received ethanol in liquid modified diet during the entire gestational period of 21 days. Offsprings were treated with agmatine (20-80 mg/Kg, i.p.) during early postnatal days (PND: 21-35) and subsequently evaluated for anxiety in elevated plus maze (EPM), depression in forced swim test (FST) and learning and memory in Morris's water maze (MWM) during post adolescent phase. Hippocampal agmatine, BDNF, TNF-α and IL-6 levels were also analyzed in prenatally ethanol exposed pups. Offsprings prenatally exposed to ethanol demonstrated delayed righting reflex, reduced exploratory behavior along with anxiety, depression-like behavior and impaired memory. These behavioral abnormalities were correlated with a significant reduction in hippocampal agmatine and BDNF levels and elevation in TNF-α and IL-6 immunocontent. Chronic agmatine (40 and 80 mg/Kg, i.p.) administration for 15 days (PND: 21-35), improved entries and time spent in open arm of EPM, decreased immobility time in FST. It also reduced latency to reach the platform location; increased the number of entries, time spent in platform quadrant and also number of crossing over platform quadrant when subjected to MWM test in prenatally ethanol exposed offsprings. This study provides functional evidences for the therapeutic potential of agmatine in cognitive impairment and other neurological complications associated with FASD.
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Plants with antioxidants (flavonoids, beta-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E) can help reduce the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative symptoms through countering oxidative stress that is scientifically linked to one of the accelerators of Alzheimer disorder.
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From Phytotherapy: A promising approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (2022) · cites this paper as [18]
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Phytotherapy: A promising approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
John, O. O., Amarachi, I. S., Chinazom, A. P., Adaeze, E., Kale, M. B., Umare, M. D., & Upaganlawar, A. B. (2022) · Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.prmcm.2021.100030 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Aglawe, M. M., Kale, M. B., Rahangdale, S. R., Kotagale, N. R., Umekar, M. J., & Taksande, B. G.
- Corresponding author
- Taksande, Brijesh G.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Brain Research Bulletin
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-02
- Volume
- 167
- Pages
- 37-47
- ISSN
- 0361-9230 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3107882518
- Cited by
- 40
- References
- 83
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6
- FWCI
- 5.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain Research Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, Government of India (YSS/2015/001338)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
- Keywords
- agmatine, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, prenatal alcohol exposure, cognitive impairment, anxiety-like behavior, depression-like behavior, learning and memory, hippocampus, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, TNF-α, interleukin-6, neuroinflammation, neuroprotection
- MeSH terms
- Agmatine, Ethanol, Animals, Behavior, Animal, Central Nervous System Depressants, Female, Hippocampus, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Maze Learning, Rats, Cognitive Dysfunction, Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
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