Assessing the role of cingulate cortex in bipolar disorder: Neuropathological, structural and functional imaging data
Open accessAbstract
Objectives Most of the neuroanatomical models of bipolar disorder (BD) propose a key role for the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). We provide here a review of currently available data regarding the CC neuroimaging and neuropathological alterations in BD. Materials and methods After an exploratory search of the MEDLINE, we first identified all English-written articles that provide separate data for BD patients and report original experimental data on cingulate gyrus. Subsequently, we selected those including neuroimaging or neuropathological data. Among the 161 articles updated through June 2007, 81 articles were retained using this procedure. Results The review of in vivo volumetric imaging data, as well as ex vivo morphometric and histological studies indicates that BD patients show volume changes of the subgenual ACC (sgACC-BA 25 and part of 24) during the early stages of the disease. Whether this phenomenon is due to neuronal and glial depletion or damage of corticocortical connections is still a matter of debate. The resting state activity in the left BA 25 appears to be state dependent showing significant increase during mania and decrease during depressive phases. The presence of a deficient GABAergic activity in ACC is also documented. Pharmacological treatment partly restores BD-related functional imaging changes. Conclusion The present review reveals the striking discrepancies of the experimental results present both for functional and structural imaging studies but…
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The hypothesized role of subgenual anterior cingulate cortex in regulating somatovisceral states could explain why it is involved in affective changes in depression and mania, and why electrical stimulation of this region relieves chronic depression.
“The hypothesized role of sACC in regulating somatovisceral states could explain why sACC is involved in the affective changes that accompany both depression (e.g., Drevets et al. 1992; see Gotlib & Hamilton 2008) and mania (e.g., Fountoulakis et al. 2008), and why electrical stimulation of this region helps to relieve chronic depression (Mayberg, et al. 2005).”
From The brain basis of emotion: a meta-analytic review (2012) · cites this paper as Fountoulakis et al. 2008
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“…could explain why sACC is involved in the affective changes that accompany both depression (e.g., Drevets et al. 1992; see Gotlib & Hamilton 2008) and mania (e.g., Fountoulakis et al. 2008), and why electrical stimulation of this region helps to relieve chronic depression (Mayberg, et al. 2005).”
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- Authors
- Fountoulakis, K. N., Giannakopoulos, P., Kövari, E., & Bouras, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Geneva (CH)
- Venue
- Brain Research Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-11
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 9-21
- ISSN
- 0165-0173 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2073589212
- Cited by
- 84
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 0.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- Locations
- Brain Research Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS (submittedVersion)
- SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- bipolar disorder, anterior cingulate cortex, subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, brain volume changes, neuropathology, resting-state brain activity, mania, depression, GABAergic dysfunction, pharmacotherapy, neuroanatomical model
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bipolar Disorder, Diagnostic Imaging, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Functional Laterality
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