Neural correlates of response inhibition in pediatric bipolar disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Open accessAbstract
Impulsivity, inattention and poor behavioral inhibition are common deficits in pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study aimed to identify similarities and differences in the neural substrate of response inhibition deficits that are associated with these disorders. A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study was conducted on 15 unmedicated PBD patients (Type I, manic/mixed), 11 unmedicated ADHD patients, and 15 healthy controls (HC) (mean age = 13.5 years; S.D. = 3.5). A response inhibition task examined the ability to inhibit a motor response to a target when a stop cue appeared shortly after. The PBD and ADHD groups did not differ on behavioral performance, although both groups were less accurate than the HC group. fMRI findings showed that for trials requiring response inhibition, the ADHD group, relative to the PBD and HC groups, demonstrated reduced activation in both ventrolateral (VLPFC) and dorsolateral (DLPFC) prefrontal cortex, and increased bilateral caudate activation compared with HC. The PBD group, relative to HC, showed decreased activation in the left VLPFC, at the junction of the inferior and middle frontal gyri, and in the right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Prefrontal dysfunction was observed in both the ADHD and PBD groups relative to HC, although it was more extensive and accompanied by subcortical overactivity in ADHD.
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Children with ADHD have been reported to show reduced activation in several prefrontal regions compared to typically developing children.
“Yet, children with ADHD have also been reported to show reduced activation in several prefrontal regions compared to typically developing children (Passarotti et al., 2010).”
From No evidence of differences in cognitive control in children with autism spectrum disorder or obsessive-compulsive disorder: An fMRI study (2019) · cites this paper as Passarotti et al., 2010
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- Authors
- Passarotti, A. M., Sweeney, J. A., & Pavuluri, M. N.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Passarotti, Alessandra M.
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-01
- Volume
- 181
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 36-43
- ISSN
- 0925-4927 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2795009
- OpenAlex
- W1964318427
- Cited by
- 146
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 6.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2014-06-30)
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Dana Foundation
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression
- National Institutes of Health
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- National Center for Research Resources (K23RR018638, K23 RR 18638-01)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Keywords
- response inhibition, pediatric bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, impulsivity, behavioral inhibition, prefrontal cortex, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, caudate nucleus, anterior cingulate cortex, neural correlates, stop-signal task
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Analysis of Variance, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Bipolar Disorder, Brain, Brain Mapping, Female, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Reaction Time
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