Cited by 122Bipolar Disorder and TreatmentNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchTreatment of Major Depression

Markers of Glutamate Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity Are Increased in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Bipolar Disorder

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Eastwood, Sharon L., Harrison, Paul J.·2010·Biological Psychiatry

Abstract

Background Cortical glutamate levels are elevated in bipolar disorder, but the interpretation of this increase is unclear because glutamate has metabolic as well as neurotransmitter roles. We investigated this by measuring vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGluT1) expression, which reflects activity at glutamate synapses. We also measured netrin-G1 and netrin-G2 messenger RNAs because these genes are involved in the formation and plasticity of glutamatergic connections.Methods Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we quantified transcripts for VGluT1, netrin-G1 (isoforms G1c, G1d, and G1f), and netrin-G2 in the anterior cingulate cortex from subjects with bipolar disorder (n = 34), schizophrenia (n = 35), and healthy control subjects (n = 35).Results Vesicular glutamate transporter 1, netrin-G2, and netrin-G1d and G1f were increased in bipolar disorder but not in schizophrenia. Netrin-G1c did not differ between groups. Netrin-G1c and netrin-G1f expression showed left-right asymmetries. Vesicular glutamate transporter 1 messenger RNA correlated with brain weight.Conclusions Increased VGluT1 expression is supportive of elevated glutamate neurotransmission in the anterior cingulate cortex in bipolar disorder. The netrin-G1 and netrin-G2 findings suggest there may be an underlying difference in the plasticity of the affected circuitry.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.12.004

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  1. [58]Skullerud K Variations in the size of the human brain Acta Neurol Scand 1985 71 suppl. 102 7 90 3887832

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Authors
Eastwood, S. L., & Harrison, P. J.
Affiliations
University of Oxford (GB)
Corresponding author
Harrison, Paul J.
Venue
Biological Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2010-06
Volume
67
Issue
11
Pages
1010-1016
ISSN
0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2142197455
Cited by
122
References
64
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
FWCI
5.89
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • United Kingdom Medical Research Council
  • Stanley Medical Research Institute
  • GlaxoSmithKline
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
Keywords
bipolar disorder, anterior cingulate cortex, glutamatergic neurotransmission, VGLUT1, synaptic plasticity, schizophrenia, gene expression, brain weight, hemispheric lateralization
MeSH terms
Netrins, Adult, Aged, Analysis of Variance, Bipolar Disorder, Female, Genotype, Glycoproteins, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Functional Laterality, Male, Middle Aged, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Synaptic Transmission, Neuronal Plasticity, Neurons, Schizophrenia, In Situ Hybridization, Presynaptic Terminals, Glutamic Acid, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1, GPI-Linked Proteins

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