Cited by 214Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis MechanismsProtease and Inhibitor MechanismsBlood properties and coagulation

Aging and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) regulation: implication in the pathogenesis of thrombotic disorders in the elderly

YAMAMOTO, K, TAKESHITA, K, KOJIMA, T, TAKAMATSU, J, SAITO, H·2005·Cardiovascular Research

Abstract

Thrombotic cardiovascular diseases increase in incidence in the elderly, a tendency dependent on the age-related changes in vascular and hemostatic systems that include platelets, coagulation, and fibrinolytic factors as well as in the endothelium. The hypercoagulability of and advanced sclerotic changes in the vascular wall may contribute to the increased incidence of thrombosis in the elderly. One of the important key genes for aging-associated thrombosis is plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), a principal inhibitor of fibrinolysis. The expression of PAI-1 is not only elevated in the elderly but also significantly induced in a variety of pathologies associated with the process of aging. These conditions include obesity, insulin resistance, emotional stress, immune responses, and vascular sclerosis/remodeling. Several cytokines and hormones, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta, angiotensin II, and insulin, positively regulate the gene expression of PAI-1. The recent epidemic in obesity with aging in the industrialized society may heighten the risk for thrombotic cardiovascular disease because adipose tissue is a primary source of PAI-1 and cytokines. Emotional or psychosocial stress and inflammation also cause the elevated expression of PAI-1 in an age-specific pattern. Thus, PAI-1 could play a key role in the progression of cardiovascular aging by promoting thrombosis and vascular (athero)sclerosis. Further studies on the genetic mechanism of aging-associated PAI-1 induction will be necessary to define the basis for cardiovascular aging in relation to thrombosis.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.cardiores.2004.11.013

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Authors
YAMAMOTO, K., TAKESHITA, K., KOJIMA, T., TAKAMATSU, J., & SAITO, H.
Affiliations
  • Nagoya University Hospital (JP)
  • Nagoya University (JP)
  • Nagoya Medical Center (JP)
Corresponding author
YAMAMOTO, K
Venue
Cardiovascular Research
Published
2005-05-01
Volume
66
Issue
2
Pages
276-285
ISSN
0008-6363 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2034413738
Cited by
214
References
128
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 7
FWCI
2.73
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Cardiovascular Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Blood properties and coagulation
Keywords
plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, aging, thrombosis, cardiovascular aging, hypercoagulability, fibrinolysis, vascular sclerosis, obesity, insulin resistance, emotional stress, inflammation, cytokines, angiotensin II, insulin, atherosclerosis
MeSH terms
Adipose Tissue, Aged, Aging, Arteriosclerosis, Fibrinolysis, Humans, Obesity, Stress, Psychological, Thrombosis, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1, Oxidative Stress

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