Smoking Cessation
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a major preventable cause of morbidity and mortality. It is the major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the developed world. Smoking is a chronic relapsing disease. Optimal treatment includes nonpharmacologic support, together with pharmacotherapy. All clinicians should be comfortable with the use of nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, and varenicline. Second-line therapies can be used by those familiar with their use. Effective use of these medications requires their integration into an effective management plan, which is likely to be a long-term undertaking, involving several cycles of remission and relapse.
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The mouse withdrawal syndrome can be relieved by nicotine or by human cessation aids such as bupropion or varenicline.
“The withdrawal syndrome exhibited can be alleviated by nicotine administration—akin to nicotine replacement strategies such as nicotine patches or gum—or by administration of pharmacological agents used as cessation aids in humans, such as bupropion or varenicline (Rennard and Daughton 2014).”
From Nicotine Withdrawal (2015) · cites this paper as Rennard and Daughton 2014
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Wang, F., Hu, D., Lou, X., Meng, N., Xie, Q., Zhang, M., & Zou, Y. (2019) · doi:10.21203/rs.2.19635/v1
Hu, D., Lou, X., Meng, N., Xie, Q., Zhang, M., Zou, Y., & Wang, F. (2020) · doi:10.21203/rs.2.19635/v2
- Authors
- Rennard, S. I., & Daughton, D. M.
- Affiliations
- Nebraska Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rennard, Stephen I.
- ORCID
- Rennard, Stephen I.
- Venue
- Clinics in Chest Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-03
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 165-176
- ISSN
- 0272-5231 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4239347737
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 0.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinics in Chest Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- smoking cessation, cigarette smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, varenicline, relapse, pharmacotherapy, second-line therapy
- MeSH terms
- Varenicline, Benzazepines, Humans, Nicotine, Quinoxalines, Smoking, Smoking Cessation, Bupropion, Nicotinic Agonists, Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Tobacco Use Cessation Devices
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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