MicroRNAs in Stress Signaling and Human Disease
Open accessAbstract
Disease is often the result of an aberrant or inadequate response to physiologic and pathophysiologic stress. Studies over the last 10 years have uncovered a recurring paradigm in which microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate cellular behavior under these conditions, suggesting an especially significant role for these small RNAs in pathologic settings. Here, we review emerging principles of miRNA regulation of stress signaling pathways and apply these concepts to our understanding of the roles of miRNAs in disease. These discussions further highlight the unique challenges and opportunities associated with the mechanistic dissection of miRNA functions and the development of miRNA-based therapeutics.
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The vast majority of miRNA knock-out mice examined thus far lack any strong phenotypes under normal physiological conditions.
“Somewhat unexpectedly, the vast majority of miRNA knock-out mice examined thus far lack any strong phenotypes under normal physiological conditions (Ebert and Sharp, 2012;Mendell and Olson, 2012).”
From microRNA-33 Regulates ApoE Lipidation and Amyloid-β Metabolism in the Brain (2015) · cites this paper as Mendell and Olson, 2012
In “Lessons from miRNA loss-of-function studies in model organisms” (page unavailable), the review says the majority of approximately 25 mouse miRNA knockouts examined lacked embryonic developmental defects, and many showed abnormalities only under stress. This supports the general point, but it does not establish that the vast majority lacked any strong phenotype under normal physiological conditions; its explicit mouse finding is narrower and says “majority.” (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredmiR-21 is commonly upregulated in a stress environment.
“It would seem to suggest that miR-21 is commonly upregulated in a stress environment [1].”
From miR-21: a non‐specific biomarker of all maladies (2021) · cites this paper as [1]
The ‘MicroRNAs in Cardiovascular Disease’ section states that miR-21 is upregulated in response to cardiac stress. It does not establish that miR-21 is commonly upregulated across stress environments generally; the cited evidence is specific to cardiac stress. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMicroRNAs control essential cell processes in health and disease.
“In this role, they control essential cell processes in health and disease (Ambros 2004; Mendell and Olson 2012).”
From Toward the human cellular microRNAome (2017) · cites this paper as Mendell and Olson 2012
miRNAs play a critical role especially under pathologic conditions such as injury and stress.
“miRNAs play a critical role especially under pathologic conditions such as injury and stress (Leung and Sharp, 2010; Mendell and Olson, 2012)”
From miR-219 Cooperates with miR-338 in Myelination and Promotes Myelin Repair in the CNS (2017) · cites this paper as Mendell and Olson, 2012
miRNAs are short, ∼22-nt, critical regulatory elements that repress protein translation and promote degradation of messenger RNA.
“MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, ∼22-nt, critical regulatory elements that repress protein translation and promote degradation of messenger RNA (mRNA) [1, 2].”
From A curated human cellular microRNAome based on 196 primary cell types (2022) · cites this paper as [2]
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Cites
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- Wang S Aurora AB Johnson BA Qi X McAnally J Hill JA Richardson JA Bassel-Duby R Olson EN 2008 The endothelial-specific microRNA miR-126 governs vascular integrity and angiogenesis Dev Cell 15 261 271 18694565 PMC2685763
- Weston MD Pierce ML Rocha-Sanchez S Beisel KW Soukup GA 2006 MicroRNA gene expression in the mouse inner ear Brain Res 1111 95 104 16904081
- Xin M Small EM Sutherland LB Qi X McAnally J Plato CF Richardson JA Bassel-Duby R Olson EN 2009 MicroRNAs miR-143 and miR-145 modulate cytoskeletal dynamics and responsiveness of smooth muscle cells to injury Genes Dev 23 2166 2178 19720868 PMC2751981
- Xu P Vernooy SY Guo M Hay BA 2003 The Drosophila microRNA Mir-14 suppresses cell death and is required for normal fat metabolism Current biol 13 790 795 12725740
- Xu S Witmer PD Lumayag S Kovacs B Valle D 2007 MicroRNA (miRNA) transcriptome of mouse retina and identification of a sensory organ-specific miRNA cluster J Biol Chem 282 25053 25066 17597072
- Zhao JL Rao DS Boldin MP Taganov KD O’Connell RM Baltimore D 2011 NF-kappaB dysregulation in microRNA-146a-deficient mice drives the development of myeloid malignancies Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108 9184 9189 21576471 PMC3107319
- Zhou Q Gallagher R Ufret-Vincenty R Li X Olson EN Wang S 2011 Regulation of angiogenesis and choroidal neovascularization by members of microRNA-23~27~24 clusters Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108 8287 8292 21536891 PMC3100947
- Zhu H Shah S Shyh-Chang N Shinoda G Einhorn WS Viswanathan SR Takeuchi A Grasemann C Rinn JL Lopez MF 2010 Lin28a transgenic mice manifest size and puberty phenotypes identified in human genetic association studies Nat Genet 42 626 630 20512147 PMC3069638
- Zimprich A Hatala K Riederer F Stogmann E Aschauer HN Stamenkovic M 2008 Sequence analysis of the complete SLITRK1 gene in Austrian patients with Tourette’s disorder Psych Genet 18 308 309 19018236
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- Authors
- Mendell, J. T., & Olson, E. N.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mendell, Joshua T.
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-03
- Volume
- 148
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1172-1187
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3308137
- OpenAlex
- W2015284016
- Cited by
- 1,673
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 38 · 2025: 65 · 2024: 77 · 2023: 70 · 2022: 79 · 2021: 119 · 2020: 114 · 2019: 120 · 2018: 140 · 2017: 165 · 2016: 152 · 2015: 168 · 2014: 170 · 2013: 150 · 2012: 44
- FWCI
- 12.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5u01hl100401-07)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL111665, R01HL77439, R01HL077439, U01-HL-100401, R01HL093039)
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA120185, P01CA134292)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
- Keywords
- microRNA, stress signaling, stress response, miRNA-based therapy, pathogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Disease, Humans, Signal Transduction, MicroRNAs
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