Cited by 1,065Epigenetics and DNA MethylationGenetic Syndromes and ImprintingGenomics and Chromatin Dynamics

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Reversing DNA Methylation: Mechanisms, Genomics, and Biological Functions

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Wu, Hao, Zhang, Yi·2014·Cell

DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2013.12.019PMC PMC3938284

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Abstract

Methylation of cytosines in the mammalian genome represents a key epigenetic modification and is dynamically regulated during development. Compelling evidence now suggests that dynamic regulation of DNA methylation is mainly achieved through a cyclic enzymatic cascade comprised of cytosine methylation, iterative oxidation of methyl group by TET dioxygenases, and restoration of unmodified cytosines by either replication-dependent dilution or DNA glycosylase-initiated base excision repair. In this review, we discuss the mechanism and function of DNA demethylation in mammalian genomes, focusing particularly on how developmental modulation of the cytosine-modifying pathway is coupled to active reversal of DNA methylation in diverse biological processes.

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Authors: Wu, H., & Zhang, Y.
Affiliations: Boston Children's Hospital (US)
Corresponding author: Zhang, Yi
ORCID: Wu, Hao
Zhang, Yi
Venue: Cell
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2014-01
Volume: 156
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 45-68
ISSN: 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.12.019
PMC: PMC3938284
OpenAlex: W2036848594
Cited by: 1,065
References: 219
Citations by year: 2026: 36 · 2025: 57 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 83 · 2021: 64 · 2020: 96 · 2019: 106 · 2018: 98 · 2017: 110 · 2016: 114 · 2015: 100 · 2014: 80
FWCI: 55.31
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 462 d)
Locations: Cell (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Howard Hughes Medical Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM68804, R01GM068804)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (U01DK089565)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
Keywords: DNA demethylation, DNA methylation, TET enzymes, base excision repair, DNA glycosylase, epigenetic regulation, developmental regulation, mammalian genomes
MeSH terms: Animals, Humans, Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Genome, DNA Methylation, 5-Methylcytosine

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Reversing DNA Methylation: Mechanisms, Genomics, and Biological Functions

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