Cited by 212COVID-19 Clinical Research StudiesSARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Researchinterferon and immune responses

Baricitinib treatment resolves lower-airway macrophage inflammation and neutrophil recruitment in SARS-CoV-2-infected rhesus macaques

Open access
Hoang, Timothy N., Pino, Maria, Boddapati, Arun K., Viox, Elise G., Starke, Carly E., Upadhyay, Amit A., Gumber, Sanjeev, Nekorchuk, Michael +37 more·2021·Cell

Published version of a preprint

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2-induced hypercytokinemia and inflammation are critically associated with COVID-19 severity. Baricitinib, a clinically approved JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor, is currently being investigated in COVID-19 clinical trials. Here, we investigated the immunologic and virologic efficacy of baricitinib in a rhesus macaque model of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Viral shedding measured from nasal and throat swabs, bronchoalveolar lavages, and tissues was not reduced with baricitinib. Type I interferon (IFN) antiviral responses and SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses remained similar between the two groups. Animals treated with baricitinib showed reduced inflammation, decreased lung infiltration of inflammatory cells, reduced NETosis activity, and more limited lung pathology. Importantly, baricitinib-treated animals had a rapid and remarkably potent suppression of lung macrophage production of cytokines and chemokines responsible for inflammation and neutrophil recruitment. These data support a beneficial role for, and elucidate the immunological mechanisms underlying, the use of baricitinib as a frontline treatment for inflammation induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.007

Cites

61 of 61 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Baricitinib also reduced proinflammatory cytokine production by lung macrophages and neutrophil recruitment into the lung.

    “suppressed the production of proinflammatory cytokines in lung macrophages, and the recruitment of neutrophils to the lung (Hoang et al., 2021).”

    From COVID-19 and the human innate immune system (2021) · cites this paper as Hoang et al., 2021

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 62 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Hoang, T. N., Pino, M., Boddapati, A. K., Viox, E. G., Starke, C. E., Upadhyay, A. A., Gumber, S., Nekorchuk, M., Busman-Sahay, K., Strongin, Z., Harper, J. L., Tharp, G. K., Pellegrini, K. L., Kirejczyk, S., Zandi, K., Tao, S., Horton, T. R., Beagle, E. N., Mahar, E. A., Lee, M. Y. H., Cohen, J., Jean, S. M., Wood, J. S., Connor-Stroud, F., Stammen, R. L., Delmas, O. M., Wang, S., Cooney, K. A., Sayegh, M. N., Wang, L., Filev, P. D., Weiskopf, D., Silvestri, G., Waggoner, J., Piantadosi, A., Kasturi, S. P., Al-Shakhshir, H., Ribeiro, S. P., Sekaly, R. P., Levit, R. D., Estes, J. D., Vanderford, T. H., Schinazi, R. F., Bosinger, S. E., & Paiardini, M.
Affiliations
  • Emory University (US)
  • Oregon Health & Science University (US)
  • La Jolla Institute for Immunology (US)
  • Case Western Reserve University (US)
  • Oregon National Primate Research Center (US)
Corresponding author
  • Schinazi, Raymond F.
  • Bosinger, Steven E.
  • Paiardini, Mirko
Venue
Cell
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-01
Volume
184
Issue
2
Pages
460-475.e21
ISSN
0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3101403202
Cited by
212
References
62
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 66 · 2020: 4
FWCI
5.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cell (publishedVersion)
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
  • Office of Research Infrastructure Programs, National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › interferon and immune responses
Keywords
baricitinib, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic, JAK1/2 inhibitor, lung macrophages, neutrophil recruitment, NETosis, cytokine storm, lung inflammation, rhesus macaque model, viral shedding, type I interferon, SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells, cytokine and chemokine production

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review