Cited by 341SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 ResearchT-cell and B-cell ImmunologyImmune responses and vaccinations

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Maturation and persistence of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 memory B cell response

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Sokal, Aurélien, Chappert, Pascal, Barba-Spaeth, Giovanna, Roeser, Anais, Fourati, Slim, Azzaoui, Imane, Vandenberghe, Alexis, Fernandez, Ignacio, Meola, Annalisa, Bouvier-Alias, Magali, Crickx, Etienne, Beldi-Ferchiou, Asma, Hue, Sophie, Languille, Laetitia, Michel, Marc, Baloul, Samia, Noizat-Pirenne, France, Luka, Marine, Mégret, Jérôme, Ménager, Mickaël, Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel, Fillatreau, Simon, Rey, Felix A., Weill, Jean-Claude, Reynaud, Claude-Agnès, Mahévas, Matthieu·2021·Cell

DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.050PMC PMC7994111

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Abstract

Memory B cells play a fundamental role in host defenses against viruses, but to date, their role has been relatively unsettled in the context of SARS-CoV-2. We report here a longitudinal single-cell and repertoire profiling of the B cell response up to 6 months in mild and severe COVID-19 patients. Distinct SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific activated B cell clones fueled an early antibody-secreting cell burst as well as a durable synchronous germinal center response. While highly mutated memory B cells, including pre-existing cross-reactive seasonal Betacoronavirus-specific clones, were recruited early in the response, neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 RBD-specific clones accumulated with time and largely contributed to the late, remarkably stable, memory B cell pool. Highlighting germinal center maturation, these cells displayed clear accumulation of somatic mutations in their variable region genes over time. Overall, these findings demonstrate that an antigen-driven activation persisted and matured up to 6 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection and may provide long-term protection.

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Authors: Sokal, A., Chappert, P., Barba-Spaeth, G., Roeser, A., Fourati, S., Azzaoui, I., Vandenberghe, A., Fernandez, I., Meola, A., Bouvier-Alias, M., Crickx, E., Beldi-Ferchiou, A., Hue, S., Languille, L., Michel, M., Baloul, S., Noizat-Pirenne, F., Luka, M., Mégret, J., Ménager, M., Pawlotsky, J.-M., Fillatreau, S., Rey, F. A., Weill, J.-C., Reynaud, C.-A., & Mahévas, M.
Affiliations: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
Inserm (FR)
Université Paris-Est Créteil (FR)
Corresponding author: Mahévas, Matthieu
ORCID: Sokal, Aurélien
Chappert, Pascal
Roeser, Anais
Fourati, Slim
Azzaoui, Imane
Vandenberghe, Alexis
Meola, Annalisa
Beldi-Ferchiou, Asma
Languille, Laetitia
Michel, Marc
Ménager, Mickaël
Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel
Fillatreau, Simon
Rey, Felix A.
Weill, Jean-Claude
Reynaud, Claude-Agnès
Mahévas, Matthieu
Venue: Cell
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2021-03
Volume: 184
Issue: 5
Pages: 1201-1213.e14
ISSN: 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.050
PMC: PMC7994111
OpenAlex: W3128934913
Cited by: 340
References: 77
Citations by year: 2026: 25 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 58 · 2022: 107 · 2021: 76
FWCI: 21.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: other-oa
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 368 d)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
Locations: Cell (publishedVersion, other-oa)
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders: Agence Nationale de la Recherche
Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic, memory B cells, germinal center, antibody-secreting cells, spike protein, receptor binding domain, neutralizing antibodies, somatic hypermutation, cross-reactive antibodies, long-term immunity, B cell clones
MeSH terms: COVID-19, Adult, B-Lymphocytes, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Immunologic Memory, Lymphocyte Activation, Middle Aged, Severity of Illness Index, Germinal Center, Single-Cell Analysis, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus

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Maturation and persistence of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 memory B cell response

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