Blockchain technologies to address smart city and society challenges
Abstract
.- New Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) are changing the way in which the world works. These technologies provide new tools to face the issues of contemporary society (poverty, migrations, sustainable development challenges, governance, etc.). Among them, blockchain emerge as a disruptive technology able to make things in a completely different and innovative way. They can provide solutions where before there were none. Recently, these technologies have become subject of intense research and development by industry and academia. In consequence, a large amount of interesting works is published in many areas, proposing solutions, services, frameworks and applications based on these technologies. The research focusing on the previous challenges are especially interesting in current society. However, the proposals arrive at higher speed than society can assimilate them, and sometimes they are not properly exploited. Thus, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the blockchain technology to identify what are its key attributes that enable to successfully address the social challenges. The review has been conducted from three point of views: service-delivery, resource-management and city-administration, and has been focused on the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations, in order to cover the full agenda of current social issues. The contributions of this work are an exhaustive compilation of the existing research on blockchain technology to tackle the social challenges from several angles, and the identification of the key features and the conditioning factors of the practical applicability of the technology.
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Blockchain is used in rewards schemes for residents of coastal areas using cryptocurrency tokens that can be redeemed for credit to collect and share data on environmental conditions of water bodies, which can aid in enhancing decisions and designing regulations.
“It is also used in rewards schemes for residents of coastal areas using tokens of cryptocurrencies, which “can later be redeemed for credit to collect and share data on environmental conditions of water bodies” that can aid in enhancing decisions and designing regulations [269].”
From Smarter eco-cities and their leading-edge artificial intelligence of things solutions for environmental sustainability: A comprehensive systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [269]
Blockchain-based initiatives have been designed to provide credible trading services for polluters, tokenize carbon credits, and monitor carbon emissions.
“Also, Blockchain-based initiatives have been designed to provide credible trading services for polluters. They have also been used to tokenize carbon credits [269] and monitor carbon emissions.”
From Smarter eco-cities and their leading-edge artificial intelligence of things solutions for environmental sustainability: A comprehensive systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [269]
Blockchain informs consumers about less-efficient appliances, enabling improved consumption behavior and reduced carbon emissions, and monitors compliance with environmental standards via product traceability, decreasing resource inefficiencies and losses in supply chains.
“Moreover, Blockchain informs consumers and users about the use of less-efficient appliances. It enables them to improve their consumption behavior and thus reduce their carbon emissions [268], in addition to monitoring compliance with environmental standards by utilizing product traceability that can decrease resource inefficiencies and losses at different supply chain stages [269].”
From Smarter eco-cities and their leading-edge artificial intelligence of things solutions for environmental sustainability: A comprehensive systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [269]
Blockchain and IoT solutions minimize registration errors and eliminate fraud arising from the accounting and measurement of gas emissions.
“These solutions “minimize registration errors and eliminate fraud arising from the accounting and measurement of gas emissions” [269].”
From Smarter eco-cities and their leading-edge artificial intelligence of things solutions for environmental sustainability: A comprehensive systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [269]
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Impact Study of Internet of Things on Smart City Development
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Digital Governance Challenges for ICT-Enabled Innovation of Social Protection Systems in the EU
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A Smart City’s Model Secured by Blockchain
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Bibri, S. E., Krogstie, J., Kaboli, A., & Alahi, A. (2024) · Environmental Science and Ecotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.ese.2023.100330 · Cited by 536 · see citing works
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Bibri, S. E., Alexandre, A., Sharifi, A., & Krogstie, J. (2023) · Energy Informatics · doi:10.1186/s42162-023-00259-2 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Ferreira, J. J., Lopes, J. M., Gomes, S., & Rammal, H. G. (2023) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.136841 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
- Authors
- Mora, H., Mendoza-Tello, J. C., Varela-Guzmán, E. G., & Szymanski, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Alicante (ES)
- Central University of Ecuador (EC)
- Corresponding author
- Mora, Higinio
- Venue
- Computers in Human Behavior
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-09
- Volume
- 122
- Pages
- 106854
- ISSN
- 0747-5632 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3159812008
- Cited by
- 117
- References
- 146
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 19.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Computers in Human Behavior (publishedVersion)
- Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante (Universidad de Alicante) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Universidad de Alicante
- Generalitat Valenciana
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Media Technology › Smart Cities and Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Blockchain Technology in Education and Learning
- Keywords
- blockchain, smart cities, social challenges, Sustainable Development Goals, service delivery, resource management, municipal government, governance, poverty, migration, sustainable development, practical applicability
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