Levels of perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid in female serum samples from Japan in 2008, Korea in 1994–2008 and Vietnam in 2007–2008
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) have recently received attention owing to their widespread contamination in the environment. One of major manufacturers, 3M Company voluntarily phased out PFOS production in 2002. We measured the PFOS and PFOA concentrations in serum samples from Japan (Sendai, Takayama and Osaka), Korea (Busan and Seoul) and Vietnam (Hanoi) to evaluate the possible effects of the phase-out on the serum levels. There were spatial differences in both the serum PFOS and PFOA concentrations. The serum PFOS concentrations (ngmL(-1)) evaluated as the geometric mean (geometric standard deviation) in 2007-2008 ranged from 4.86 (1.45) in Sendai, Japan, to 9.36 (1.42) in Busan, Korea. The serum PFOA concentrations ranged from 0.575 (2.32) in Hanoi, Vietnam, to 14.2 (1.73) in Osaka, Japan. Historically archived samples collected from Korea in 1994-2008 revealed that the serum PFOA concentrations increased by 1.24-fold in Busan from 2000 to 2008 and 1.41-fold in Seoul from 1994 to 2007. On the other hand, the serum PFOS concentrations did not change from 1994 to 2007/2008. The serum PFOS levels in Japan in 2008 were significantly decreased compared with previously reported values (22.3-66.7% of the values in 2003/2004). However, the serum PFOA levels showed a clear decline from 2003 to 2008 in a high-exposed area, Osaka, but not in low-exposed areas in Japan. The trends toward decreases were not uniformly observed in Asian countries, unlike the case for the United States, suggesting that local factors associated with the production and introduction histories in each country overwhelm the effects of the phase-out.
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Levels of PFOS and PFOA in human blood samples have declined in many Western countries as a consequence of phase-out actions and regulations.
“As a consequence of phase-out actions and regulations, levels of PFOS and PFOA in human blood samples have now declined in many Western countries (Glynn et al., 2012;Kato et al., 2011;Harada et al., 2010;Yeung et al., 2013a).”
From Helsingør Statement on poly- and perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) (2014) · cites this paper as Harada et al., 2010
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- Authors
- Harada, K. H., Yang, H.-R., Moon, C.-S., Hung, N. N., Hitomi, T., Inoue, K., Niisoe, T., Watanabe, T., Kamiyama, S., Takenaka, K., Kim, M.-Y., Watanabe, K., Takasuga, T., & Koizumi, A.
- Affiliations
- Kyoto University (JP)
- Catholic University of Pusan (KR)
- Hanoi Medical University (VN)
- Miyagi University of Education (JP)
- Takayama Red Cross Hospital (JP)
- Seoul Metropolitan Government (KR)
- Shimadzu Techno-Research (Japan) (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Koizumi, Akio
- ORCID
- Venue
- Chemosphere
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-04
- Volume
- 79
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 314-319
- ISSN
- 0045-6535 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2092879601
- Cited by
- 102
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 8.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Chemosphere (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
- Korea Science and Engineering Foundation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
- Keywords
- PFOS, perfluorooctanoic acid, serum concentration, human exposure, temporal trends, spatial variability, Japan, Korea, Vietnam
- MeSH terms
- Caprylates, Cities, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Fluorocarbons, Geography, Humans, Japan, Korea, Time Factors, Vietnam, Alkanesulfonic Acids
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