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Cited by 279Child Abuse and TraumaChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentChild Welfare and Adoption

Gender differences in the effects of childhood maltreatment on adult depression and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Gallo, Erika Alejandra Giraldo, Munhoz, Tiago Neuenfeld, Loret de Mola, Christian, Murray, Joseph·2018·Child Abuse & Neglect
DOI 10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.01.003
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Abstract

Child maltreatment has well-documented long-term, adverse effects on mental health, but it is not clear whether there are gender differences in these effects. We conducted a systematic review to investigate whether there are gender differences in the effects of maltreatment on adult depression and anxiety. Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Lilacs were searched for relevant studies published up to May 2016. Eligible studies included population-based studies (with a cohort, case-control or cross-sectional design) which assessed maltreatment during childhood or adolescence (≤18 years) and its association with major depression or generalized anxiety disorder (DSM/ICD diagnostic criteria) in adulthood (>18 years) separately for females and males. Meta-analysis was performed to estimate the association between each exposure and outcome using fixed and random effects models. Pooled odds ratios (OR) were estimated separately for women and men and compared. Five studies of physical and sexual abuse were included in the meta-analyses. These provided twenty-two effects sizes estimates (11 for men, 11 for women) for associations between physical/sexual abuse and depression/anxiety. Exposure to each kind of abuse increased the odds of depression/anxiety. Associations were larger for women than for men, however, these gender differences were not statistically significant. Physical and sexual abuse in childhood/adolescence are risk factors for depression/anxiety in adulthood and the effect could be larger for women; however, currently there is insufficient evidence to definitively identify gender differences in the effects of maltreatment.

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Authors
Gallo, E. A. G., Munhoz, T. N., Loret de Mola, C., & Murray, J.
Affiliations
Universidade Federal de Pelotas (BR)
Corresponding author
Murray, Joseph
ORCID
Venue
Child Abuse & Neglect
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2018-05
Volume
79
Pages
107-114
ISSN
0145-2134 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.01.003
OpenAlex
W2790792517
Cited by
279
References
56
Citations by year
2026: 28 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 6
FWCI
3.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Child Abuse & Neglect (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Social Sciences › Safety Research › Child Welfare and Adoption
Keywords
child abuse, gender differences, adult depression, generalized anxiety disorder, physical abuse, sexual abuse, childhood adversity, adolescent maltreatment, mental health outcomes
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety Disorders, Child, Child Abuse, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Sex Factors, Adult Survivors of Child Abuse

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