Childhood abuse and lifetime psychopathology in a community sample
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The authors assessed lifetime psychopathology in a general population sample and compared the rates of five psychiatric disorder categories between those who reported a childhood history of either physical or sexual abuse and those who did not. METHOD: A modified version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and a self-completed questionnaire on child abuse were administered to a probability sample (N=7,016) of Ontario residents 15 to 64 years of age. RESULTS: Those reporting a history of childhood physical abuse had significantly higher lifetime rates of anxiety disorders, alcohol abuse/dependence, and antisocial behavior and were more likely to have one or more disorders than were those without such a history. Women, but not men, with a history of physical abuse had significantly higher lifetime rates of major depression and illicit drug abuse/dependence than did women with no such history. A history of childhood sexual abuse was also associated with higher rates of all disorders considered in women. In men, the prevalence of disorders tended to be higher among those who reported exposure to sexual abuse, but only the associations with alcohol abuse/dependence and the category of one or more disorders reached statistical significance. The relationship between a childhood history of physical abuse and lifetime psychopathology varied significantly by gender for all categories except for anxiety disorders. Although not statistically significant, a similar relationship was seen between childhood history of sexual abuse and lifetime psychopathology. CONCLUSIONS: A history of abuse in childhood increases the likelihood of lifetime psychopathology; this association appears stronger for women than men.
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Exposure to child maltreatment is associated with psychiatric impairment in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.
“It is now well recognized that exposure to child maltreatment, which includes physical, sexual, and emotional abuse and neglect, is associated with psychiatric impairment in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood (1–5).”
From Cortisol response to stress in female youths exposed to childhood maltreatment: results of the youth mood project (2009) · cites this paper as [4]
Major depressive disorder has a strong association with maltreatment, especially among female individuals.
“Major depressive disorder (MDD) has a strong association with maltreatment, especially among female individuals (4,6,7).”
From Cortisol response to stress in female youths exposed to childhood maltreatment: results of the youth mood project (2009) · cites this paper as [4]
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- Authors
- MacMillan, H. L., Fleming, J. E., Streiner, D. L., Lin, E., Boyle, M. H., Jamieson, E., Duku, E. K., Walsh, C. A., Wong, M. Y.-Y., & Beardslee, W. R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2001-11-01
- Volume
- 158
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1878-1883
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- OpenAlex
- W2145087065
- Cited by
- 1,035
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 67 · 2016: 75 · 2015: 56 · 2014: 62 · 2013: 58 · 2012: 63
- FWCI
- 27.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Keywords
- childhood abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, anxiety disorders, alcohol abuse, antisocial behavior, major depressive disorder, illicit drug abuse, gender differences, community sample
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child Abuse, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Residence Characteristics, Severity of Illness Index, Substance-Related Disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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