CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 12

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 13 of the 13 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Alternate-day fasting elicits larger changes in fat mass than time-restricted eating in adults without obesity - A randomized clinical trial

Derron, Nina, Güntner, Andreas T., Weber, Ines C., Braun, Julia, Koska, İlker Ö., Othman, Alaa, Mönch, Leonie, von Eckardstein, Arnold, Puhan, Milo A., Beuschlein, Felix, Hochuli, Michel, Zamboni, Nicola, Guggenberger, Roman, Gerber, Philipp A.·2025·Clinical Nutrition
DOI 10.1016/j.clnu.2025.08.033
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background & aims Intermittent fasting (IF) is a popular nutritional strategy for weight control and improved metabolic health, however it is unclear which type of intermittent fasting is most effective. This randomized trial directly compared short-term alternate-day fasting (ADF) and time-restricted eating (TRE) with controls in adults with overweight or a high normal weight. The aim was to compare the effects of ADF and TRE versus controls regarding whole-body fat mass loss, weight control and cardiometabolic health. Methods In this 4-week, parallel-arm, randomized clinical trial (February 2021-May 2022), participants aged 18-40 years with a body mass index between 23 and 30 kg/m 2 were assigned to ADF (alternating fasting and ad libitum eating days), to TRE (eating only between 12:00-20:00), or control (no change in eating times). The primary outcome was change in total fat volume (assessed by whole-body magnetic resonance imaging). Secondary outcomes were subcutaneous and visceral fat mass, body weight, resting metabolic rate, biochemical markers, energy intake, activity energy expenditure and health-related quality of life. Results Seventy-six participants (mean [standard deviation (SD)] age, 29.6 [5.6] years; body mass index, 25.8 [2.2] kg/m 2 ; 34 [44 %] female) were randomized to ADF (n = 26), TRE (n = 26), or control (n = 24). Seventy-five participants completed the trial (25 in ADF, 26 in TRE, 24 in control). ADF led to a greater reduction in total fat volume than…

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.clnu.2025.08.033

Cites

13 of 13 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 13 references

Research works printed but not linked: 53

  1. Mattson, 2018, Intermittent metabolic switching, neuroplasticity and brain health, Nat Rev Neurosci, 19, 81, 10.1038/nrn.2017.156 · DOI · Paper page
  2. Longo, 2014, Fasting: molecular mechanisms and clinical applications, Cell Metab, 19, 181, 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.12.008 · DOI · Paper page
  3. Afshin, 2017, Health effects of overweight and obesity in 195 countries over 25 years, N Engl J Med, 377, 13, 10.1056/NEJMoa1614362 · DOI · Paper page
  4. Larsson, 2020, Body mass index and body composition in relation to 14 cardiovascular conditions in UK biobank: a Mendelian randomization study, Eur Heart J, 41, 221, 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz388 · DOI · Paper page
  5. Gabel, 2022, Current research: effect of time restricted eating on weight and cardiometabolic health, J Physiol, 600, 1313, 10.1113/JP280542 · DOI
  6. Varady, 2022, Clinical application of intermittent fasting for weight loss: progress and future directions, Nat Rev Endocrinol, 18, 309, 10.1038/s41574-022-00638-x · DOI
  7. Catenacci, 2016, A randomized pilot study comparing zero-calorie alternate-day fasting to daily caloric restriction in adults with obesity, Obesity, 24, 1874, 10.1002/oby.21581 · DOI · Paper page
  8. Varady, 2013, Alternate day fasting for weight loss in normal weight and overweight subjects: a randomized controlled trial, Nutr J, 12, 1, 10.1186/1475-2891-12-146 · DOI
  9. Varady, 2009, Short-term modified alternate-day fasting: a novel dietary strategy for weight loss and cardioprotection in obese adults, Am J Clin Nutr, 90, 1138, 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28380 · DOI · Paper page
  10. Gabel, 2019, Differential effects of alternate-day fasting versus daily calorie restriction on insulin resistance, Obesity, 27, 1443, 10.1002/oby.22564 · DOI · Paper page
  11. Ezpeleta, 2024, Time-restricted eating: watching the clock to treat obesity, Cell Metab, 36, 301, 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.004 · DOI
  12. Jamshed, 2022, Effectiveness of early time-restricted eating for weight loss, fat loss, and cardiometabolic health in adults with obesity: a randomized clinical trial, JAMA Intern Med, 182, 953, 10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.3050 · DOI · Paper page
  13. Erdem, 2022, The effect of intermittent fasting diets on body weight and composition, Clin Nutr ESPEN, 51, 207, 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.08.030 · DOI
  14. Teong, 2023, Intermittent fasting plus early time-restricted eating versus calorie restriction and standard care in adults at risk of type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial, Nat Med, 29, 963, 10.1038/s41591-023-02287-7 · DOI
  15. Sutton, 2018, Early time-restricted feeding improves insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, and oxidative stress Even without weight loss in men with prediabetes, Cell Metab, 27, 1212, 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.04.010 · DOI · Paper page
  16. Anton, 2018, Flipping the metabolic switch: understanding and applying the health benefits of fasting, Obesity (Silver Spring), 26, 254, 10.1002/oby.22065 · DOI
  17. Stekovic, 2019, Alternate day fasting improves physiological and molecular markers of aging in healthy, non-obese humans, Cell Metab, 30, 462, 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.07.016 · DOI · Paper page
  18. Tinsley, 2019, Time-restricted feeding plus resistance training in active females: a randomized trial, Am J Clin Nutr, 110, 628, 10.1093/ajcn/nqz126 · DOI · Paper page
  19. Estruch, 2018, Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts, N Engl J Med, 378, 1, 10.1056/NEJMoa1800389 · DOI · Paper page
  20. Fidanza, 1953, Density of body fat in man and other mammals, J Appl Physiol, 6, 252, 10.1152/jappl.1953.6.4.252 · DOI
  21. Fuhrer, 2011, High-throughput, accurate mass metabolome profiling of cellular extracts by flow injection-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, Anal Chem, 83, 7074, 10.1021/ac201267k · DOI
  22. Fox, 2007, Abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue compartments: association with metabolic risk factors in the framingham heart study, Circulation, 116, 39, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.675355 · DOI · Paper page
  23. Van Harmelen, 1998, Leptin secretion from subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in women, Diabetes, 47, 913, 10.2337/diabetes.47.6.913 · DOI
  24. Smith, 2020, A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing heterogeneity in body mass responses between low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets, Obesity, 28, 1833, 10.1002/oby.22968 · DOI
  25. Kouw, 2024, Short-term intermittent fasting and energy restriction do not impair rates of muscle protein synthesis: a randomised, controlled dietary intervention, Clin Nutr, 43, 174, 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.09.034 · DOI
  26. Williamson, 2015, Is 5% weight loss a satisfactory criterion to define clinically significant weight loss?, Obesity (Silver Spring), 23, 2319, 10.1002/oby.21358 · DOI · Paper page
  27. Wilding, 2021, Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity, N Engl J Med, 384, 989, 10.1056/NEJMoa2032183 · DOI · Paper page
  28. Sundfør, 2018, Effect of intermittent versus continuous energy restriction on weight loss, maintenance and cardiometabolic risk: a randomized 1-year trial, Nutr Metabol Cardiovasc Dis, 28, 698, 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.03.009 · DOI · Paper page
  29. Brunner, 2019, Application of non-HDL cholesterol for population-based cardiovascular risk stratification: results from the multinational cardiovascular risk consortium, Lancet, 394, 2173, 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32519-X · DOI
  30. Sepúlveda, 2024, It's about timing: contrasting the metabolic effects of early vs. late time-restricted eating in humans, Curr Nutr Rep, 13, 214, 10.1007/s13668-024-00532-0 · DOI
  31. Lowe, 2020, Effects of time-restricted eating on weight loss and other metabolic parameters in women and men with overweight and obesity, JAMA Intern Med, 180, 1491, 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.4153 · DOI · Paper page
  32. Cienfuegos, 2020, Effects of 4- and 6-h time-restricted feeding on weight and cardiometabolic health: a randomized controlled trial in adults with obesity, Cell Metab, 32, 366, 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.06.018 · DOI · Paper page
  33. Mulas, 2023, Effect of intermittent fasting on circulating inflammatory markers in obesity: a review of human trials, Front Nutr, 10, 10.3389/fnut.2023.1146924 · DOI
  34. Kim, 2021, Effects of intermittent fasting on the circulating levels and circadian rhythms of hormones, Endocrinol Metab (Seoul), 36, 745, 10.3803/EnM.2021.405 · DOI
  35. Merimee, 1976, Starvation-induced alterations of circulating thyroid hormone concentrations in man, Metabolism, 25, 79, 10.1016/0026-0495(76)90162-1 · DOI
  36. Boelen, 2008, Fasting-induced changes in the hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid axis, Thyroid, 18, 123, 10.1089/thy.2007.0253 · DOI · Paper page
  37. Rozing, 2010, Low serum free triiodothyronine levels mark familial longevity: the leiden longevity study, J Gerontol - Ser A Biol Sci Med Sci, 65, 365, 10.1093/gerona/glp200 · DOI
  38. Corsonello, 2010, A cross-section analysis of FT3 age-related changes in a group of old and oldest-old subjects, including centenarians' relatives, shows that a down-regulated thyroid function has a familial component and is related to longevity, Age Ageing, 39, 723, 10.1093/ageing/afq116 · DOI
  39. Collet, 2017, A metabolomic signature of acute caloric restriction, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 102, 4486, 10.1210/jc.2017-01020 · DOI
  40. Teruya, 2019, Diverse metabolic reactions activated during 58-hr fasting are revealed by non-targeted metabolomic analysis of human blood, Sci Rep, 9, 10.1038/s41598-018-36674-9 · DOI
  41. Yang, 2020, Serine catabolism feeds NADH when respiration is impaired, Cell Metab, 31, 809, 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.02.017 · DOI
  42. Cahill, 2006, Fuel metabolism in starvation, Annu Rev Nutr, 26, 1, 10.1146/annurev.nutr.26.061505.111258 · DOI
  43. Harvie, 2013, The effect of intermittent energy and carbohydrate restriction v. daily energy restriction on weight loss and metabolic disease risk markers in overweight women, Br J Nutr, 110, 1534, 10.1017/S0007114513000792 · DOI · Paper page
  44. Steger, 2021, Intermittent and continuous energy restriction result in similar weight loss, weight loss maintenance, and body composition changes in a 6 month randomized pilot study, Clin Obes, 11, 10.1111/cob.12430 · DOI
  45. Schübel, 2018, Effects of intermittent and continuous calorie restriction on body weight and metabolism over 50 wk: a randomized controlled trial, Am J Clin Nutr, 108, 933, 10.1093/ajcn/nqy196 · DOI · Paper page
  46. Mattson, 2025, The cyclic metabolic switching theory of intermittent fasting, Nat Metab, 7, 665, 10.1038/s42255-025-01254-5 · DOI
  47. Kessler, 2018, A nonrandomized controlled clinical pilot trial on 8 wk of intermittent fasting (24 h/wk), Nutrition, 46, 143, 10.1016/j.nut.2017.08.004 · DOI
  48. Zheng, 2024, Effects of time-restricted eating and low-carbohydrate diet on psychosocial health and appetite in individuals with metabolic syndrome: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial, Clin Nutr, 43, 2316, 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.08.029 · DOI
  49. Chakravarthy, 2004, Eating, exercise, and “thrifty” genotypes: connecting the dots toward an evolutionary understanding of modern chronic diseases, J Appl Physiol, 96, 3, 10.1152/japplphysiol.00757.2003 · DOI
  50. Herz, 2024, Effects of different types of intermittent fasting interventions on metabolic health in healthy individuals (EDIF): a randomised trial with a controlled-run in phase, Nutrients, 16, 1114, 10.3390/nu16081114 · DOI
  51. Huber, 2020, MRI in the assessment of adipose tissues and muscle composition: how to use it, Quant Imaging Med Surg, 10, 1636, 10.21037/qims.2020.02.06 · DOI · Paper page
  52. Ortega, 2015, Dietary assessment methods: dietary records, Nutr Hosp, 31, 38
  53. Burrows, 2019, Validity of dietary assessment methods when compared to the method of doubly labeled water: a systematic review in adults, Front Endocrinol, 10, 10.3389/fendo.2019.00850 · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Metadata

Authors
Derron, N., Güntner, A. T., Weber, I. C., Braun, J., Koska, İ. Ö., Othman, A., Mönch, L., von Eckardstein, A., Puhan, M. A., Beuschlein, F., Hochuli, M., Zamboni, N., Guggenberger, R., & Gerber, P. A.
ORCID
Derron, Nina
Venue
Clinical Nutrition
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2025-10
Volume
53
Pages
212-221
ISSN
0261-5614
DOI
10.1016/j.clnu.2025.08.033
Cited by
12
References
13
Language
en
Licence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review