The DOI matches its Crossref record; 77 of the 77 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
β-Aminoisobutyric Acid Induces Browning of White Fat and Hepatic β-Oxidation and Is Inversely Correlated with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors
Open accessAbstract
The transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) regulates metabolic genes in skeletal muscle and contributes to the response of muscle to exercise. Muscle PGC-1α transgenic expression and exercise both increase the expression of thermogenic genes within white adipose. How the PGC-1α-mediated response to exercise in muscle conveys signals to other tissues remains incompletely defined. We employed a metabolomic approach to examine metabolites secreted from myocytes with forced expression of PGC-1α, and identified β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA) as a small molecule myokine. BAIBA increases the expression of brown adipocyte-specific genes in white adipocytes and β-oxidation in hepatocytes both in vitro and in vivo through a PPARα-mediated mechanism, induces a brown adipose-like phenotype in human pluripotent stem cells, and improves glucose homeostasis in mice. In humans, plasma BAIBA concentrations are increased with exercise and inversely associated with metabolic risk factors. BAIBA may thus contribute to exercise-induced protection from metabolic diseases.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA) are natural metabolites of thymine and valine secreted primarily by myocytes during the practice of physical exercise (Roberts et al., 2014).”
From Physical Exercise-Induced Myokines and Muscle-Adipose Tissue Crosstalk: A Review of Current Knowledge and the Implications for Health and Metabolic Diseases (2018) · cites this paper as Roberts et al., 2014
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The increase of PGC1α observed during physical exercise results in a concomitant increase in BAIBA serum levels.”
From Physical Exercise-Induced Myokines and Muscle-Adipose Tissue Crosstalk: A Review of Current Knowledge and the Implications for Health and Metabolic Diseases (2018) · cites this paper as Roberts et al., 2014
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“For example, β‐aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA), a novel exercise‐induced muscle factor, attenuates insulin resistance, improves glucose tolerance, and promotes the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) and hepatic β‐oxidation (Roberts et al, 2014; Jung et al, 2015).”
From Exercise‐induced α‐ketoglutaric acid stimulates muscle hypertrophy and fat loss through OXGR1‐dependent adrenal activation (2020) · cites this paper as Roberts et al, 2014
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“two studies have reported increased circulating levels of BAIBA following aerobic exercise, e.g., cycling for 1 h at 40% maximal power output [106] or after 20 weeks of 30–50 min cycling sessions at 55–75% VO2 max [104] in healthy young men.”
From The Role of Exercise in the Interplay between Myokines, Hepatokines, Osteokines, Adipokines, and Modulation of Inflammation for Energy Substrate Redistribution and Fat Mass Loss: A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [104]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The myokines irisin [57] and BAIBA [104] have been described to directly induce WAT “browning” both in vitro and in vivo, by upregulating genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, FAO, oxidative phosphorylation, and thermogenesis (1).”
From The Role of Exercise in the Interplay between Myokines, Hepatokines, Osteokines, Adipokines, and Modulation of Inflammation for Energy Substrate Redistribution and Fat Mass Loss: A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [104]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Fat mass loss associated with increased total energy expenditure was also observed [104].”
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“A trend toward a negative correlation between BAIBA and BMI [104] was shown, while another study reported no increase [107].”
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“which is known to upregulate the WAT browning myokines FNDC5-irisin [57], METRNL [274], and BAIBA [104].”
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“For instance, BAIBA [104] and FGF21 [160] have been shown to increase hepatic β-oxidation (6)”
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“in addition to demonstrating that physical exercise increases its production by the body.”
From Physical Exercise-Induced Myokines and Muscle-Adipose Tissue Crosstalk: A Review of Current Knowledge and the Implications for Health and Metabolic Diseases (2018) · cites this paper as Roberts et al., 2014
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“In the same study, in vitro, when BAIBA was cultivated with primary cells from subcutaneous adipose tissue (scAT), there was an up regulation of brown and beige adipocytes marker, such as UCP1 and CIDEA.”
From Physical Exercise-Induced Myokines and Muscle-Adipose Tissue Crosstalk: A Review of Current Knowledge and the Implications for Health and Metabolic Diseases (2018) · cites this paper as Roberts et al., 2014
In the citing paper
“Thus, whether exercise can brown WAT in humans, especially through an irisin-mediated pathway, remains controversial55,83,84,90.”
From Exerkines in health, resilience and disease (2022) · cites this paper as [55]
In the citing paper
“In humans, circulating levels of β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA) increased with chronic training55 and inversely correlated with insulin resistance55.”
From Exerkines in health, resilience and disease (2022) · cites this paper as [55]
In the citing paper
“In wild-type mice, BAIBA treatment reduced insulin resistance and suppressed inflammation55.”
From Exerkines in health, resilience and disease (2022) · cites this paper as [55]
In the citing paper
“Using a mouse model, this paper demonstrated that a myokine, BAIBA, can ‘brown’ WAT to improve glucose homeostasis.”
From Exerkines in health, resilience and disease (2022) · cites this paper as [55]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin
(2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa012512 · Cited by 19,011
A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis
Boström, P., Wu, J., Jedrychowski, M. P., Korde, A., Ye, L., Lo, J. C., Rasbach, K. A., Boström, E. A., Choi, J. H., Long, J. Z., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10777 · Cited by 4,810
Self-citationWu, Z., Puigserver, P., Andersson, U., Zhang, C., Adelmant, G., Mootha, V., Troy, A., Cinti, S., Lowell, B., Scarpulla, R. C., et al. (1999) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80611-x · Cited by 4,139
A Cold-Inducible Coactivator of Nuclear Receptors Linked to Adaptive Thermogenesis
Puigserver, P., Wu, Z., Park, C. W., Graves, R., Wright, M., & Spiegelman, B. M. (1998) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81410-5 · Cited by 3,864
Self-citationBeige Adipocytes Are a Distinct Type of Thermogenic Fat Cell in Mouse and Human
Wu, J., Boström, P., Sparks, L. M., Li, Y., Choi, J. H., Giang, A.-H., Khandekar, M. J., Virtanen, K. A., Nuutila, P., Schaart, G., et al. (2012) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.05.016 · Cited by 3,406
Newgard, C. B., An, J., Bain, J. R., Muehlbauer, M. J., Stevens, R. D., Lien, L. F., Haqq, A. M., Shah, S. H., Arlotto, M., Slentz, C. A., et al. (2009) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2009.02.002 · Cited by 3,165
Metabolite profiles and the risk of developing diabetes
Wang, T. J., Larson, M. G., Vasan, R. S., Cheng, S., Rhee, E. P., McCabe, E., Lewis, G. D., Fox, C. S., Jacques, P. F., Fernandez, C., et al. (2011) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.2307 · Cited by 3,143
Warren, L., Manos, P. D., Ahfeldt, T., Loh, Y.-H., Li, H., Lau, F., Ebina, W., Mandal, P. K., Smith, Z. D., Meissner, A., et al. (2010) · Cell Stem Cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2010.08.012 · Cited by 2,662
Self-citationThe mechanisms of action of PPARs
Berger, J., & Moller, D. E. (2002) · Annual Review of Medicine · doi:10.1146/annurev.med.53.082901.104018 · Cited by 2,659
Transcriptional co-activator PGC-1α drives the formation of slow-twitch muscle fibres
Lin, J., Wu, H., Tarr, P. T., Zhang, C.-Y., Wu, Z., Boss, O., Michael, L. F., Puigserver, P., Isotani, E., Olson, E. N., et al. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature00904 · Cited by 2,546
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 501–600 of 641
Muscle Mechanics in Metabolic Health and Longevity: The Biochemistry of Training AdaptationsPreprint
Tabone, M. (2025) · Preprints.org · doi:10.20944/preprints202508.1517.v1 · Cited by 3
Mann, C. G., MacArthur, M. R., Zhang, J., Gong, S., AbuSalim, J. E., Hunter, C. J., Lu, W., Agius, T., Longchamp, A., Allagnat, F., et al. (2025) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2025.114148 · Cited by 3
“We also observed a main effect of diet in multiple metabolites associated with dietary protein restriction (ophthalmic acid 46 ) or Pparg -associated changes in (legend continued on next page) thermogenesis (aminoisobutyric acid 47 ).”
Drabińska, N., Majcher, A., Jagielski, P., Borowicz-Skoneczny, S., & Romaszko, J. (2026) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18020300 · Cited by 3
“…higher systemic production and rapid renal clearance, even when serum levels are below the assay’s detection limit. β -Aminoisobutyric acid has been proposed as a myokine-like metabolite that promotes browning of white adipose tissue and associates inversely with cardiometabolic risk [32,33].”
Mănescu, D. C., Plastoi, C. D., Pîrvan, A., Dîrnu, R., Floroiu, E. A., & Popescu, A. (2026) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells15141236 · Cited by 5
“Meteorin-like and β -aminoisobutyric acid have also been implicated in adipose tissue browning, lipid oxidation and cardiometabolic risk modification [63,64].”
Mendelian randomization study on association between grip strength and BMD in different age groups
Zhu, Y., Chi, K., & Wang, J. (2024) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism · doi:10.1007/s00774-024-01519-1 · Cited by 3
“The results of animal experiments suggest that L-BAIBA exerts a positive regulatory effect on bone synthesis [33].”
Miao, L.-T., Xiang, J., Yang, Y., Hong, S., Sun, J., Zhang, S., Gong, Y., Xia, Q., & Wang, S. (2025) · Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1159/000545550 · Cited by 3
Roles of myokines in osteoporosis under physiological and diabetic conditions
Ji, X., Hu, X., Xu, T., & Yang, W.-L. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1600218 · Cited by 5
Cancer cachexia has many symptoms but only one cause: anoxia
Koltai, T. (2020) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.22624.1 · Cited by 3
Cancer metabolism regulation by phytonutrients
Riaz, A., Zara, R., Bushra, G., Kanwal, N., Sadiqa, A., Shareef, F., Sarfraz, I., Shah, M. A., Uçak, İ., Bukhari, S. A., et al. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-824356-5.00002-3 · Cited by 3
Endocrine Regulation of Brown and Beige Adipose Tissue
Vargas‐Castillo, A., Torres, N., & Tovar, A. R. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819801-8.00012-0 · Cited by 4
Cardozo, C. P., & Bauman, W. A. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813073-5.00040-x · Cited by 4
Pal, N., Acharjee, A., Ament, Z., Dent, T., Yavari, A., Mahmod, M., Ariga, R., West, J. A., Steeples, V., Cassar, M. P., et al. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/715680 · Cited by 3
Lyssikatos, C., Wang, Z., Liu, Z., Warden, S. J., Brotto, M. A. P., & Bonewald, L. F. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2492688/v1 · Cited by 3
Oct-B: A derivative of L-BAIBA significantly alleviating high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice
Wang, J., Wei, S., Guo, J., Xie, X., Sun, W., Zhao, S., Meng, J., Wang, F., Wang, J., Rong, R., et al. (2024) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150739 · Cited by 2
Hu, X., Wang, C., Zou, P., Wu, T., Shi, H., Gao, B., Zhu, L., & Duan, R. (2025) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2025.115781 · Cited by 2
How Exercise Affects Exerkines in Metabolic Syndrome
Babaei, P., & Yadegari, F. (2025) · Hormone and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1055/a-2720-5398 · Cited by 2
The myokine musclin in metabolic syndrome: Pathological links and exercise interventions
Wen, R., Yang, Y., Wang, H., Teng, Y., Zhao, B., Zhu, H., & Wang, S. (2025) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2025.114367 · Cited by 2
Zhou, X., Lu, J., Wang, Z., Cheng, K. K., & Li, G. H. (2026) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.70565 · Cited by 2
“41 Human evidence is inconsistent: one cross-sectional study demonstrated a positive relationship between circulating BAIBA levels and insulin sensitivity in lean and obese adults, 42 while another showed no difference in BAIBA between individuals with normal glucose tolerance and pre-diabetes.”
Begriche, K., Massart, J., & Fromenty, B. (2026) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2026.178879 · Cited by 2
The hallmarks of skeletal muscle health
Vainshtein, A., Blaauw, B., Bock, K. D., Muñoz‐Cánoves, P., Olson, E. N., Ottenheijm, C. A. C., Richter, E. A., Ruas, J. L., Schaeffer, L., Spiegelman, B. M., et al. (2026) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-026-01595-9 · Cited by 4
“Muscle-derived signals including FGF21, released under mitochondrial stress or metabolic challenge, and β-aminoisobutyric acid, a metabokine produced during exercise, act on liver to modulate lipid oxidation, gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis 290,291 .”
Using Thermogenic Beige Cells to Identify Biologically Active Small Molecules and Peptides
Wu, L., & Xu, B. (2017) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-6820-6_19 · Cited by 2
Big Data and Precision Medicine
Piaggi, P. (2023) · New paradigms in healthcare · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-23852-9_9 · Cited by 2
The metabolome as a diagnostic for maximal aerobic capacity during exercise in type 1 diabetes
Taylor, G., Smith, K., Scragg, J., McDonald, T. J., Shaw, J., West, D. J., & Roberts, L. D. (2024) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-024-06153-0 · Cited by 3
Feel the burn—muscle metabolite couples exercise to heat production
Heath, V. (2014) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2014.4 · Cited by 2
Adipose Structure (White, Brown, Beige)
Peirce, V. J., Pellegrinelli, V., & Vidal‐Puig, A. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-12125-3_23-1 · Cited by 3
van den Brink, W. J., Hartman, R., van den Berg, D., Flik, G., Gonzalez‐Amoros, B., Koopman, N., Elassaiss‐Schaap, J., van der Graaf, P. H., Hankemeier, T., & de Lange, E. C. M. (2019) · CPT Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology · doi:10.1002/psp4.12370 · Cited by 2
“BCAA levels were found negatively correlated with activity,(31) whereas DL- 3- aminoisobutyric acid was observed positively associated with the level of activity.(32) Indeed, QP does induce locomotion as a measure of increased activity and movement,(33) and the modified levels of BCAA and DL3- aminoisobutyric acid in…”
Obi, P. O., Bydak, B., Safdar, A., & Saleem, A. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-35358-2_4 · Cited by 2
Stimulation of uncoupling protein 1 expression by β-alanine in brown adipocytes
Hamaoka, T., Fu, X., Tomonaga, S., Hashimoto, O., Murakami, M., & Funaba, M. (2022) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/j.abb.2022.109341 · Cited by 2
Altered Metabolome of Amino Acids Species: A Source of Signature Early Biomarkers of T2DM
Czajkowska, A., Hameed, A., Galli, M., Ijaz, M. U., Kretowski, A. J., & Ciborowski, M. (2022) · Biomarkers in disease · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-08014-2_5 · Cited by 2
Mitochondrial Function and Dysfunction in White Adipocytes and Therapeutic Implications
Wang, F., Huynh, P. M., & An, Y. (2024) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c230009 · Cited by 10
Bacteria induce metabolic perturbations in ticks
Shaw, W. R., & Catteruccia, F. (2024) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-024-01787-7 · Cited by 1
Huang, J., Sun, M., Yu, J. H., Guo, Y., Li, B., Dai, L., Tang, Y., Wang, X., Han, S., & Lai, X. (2025) · Xenobiotica · doi:10.1080/00498254.2025.2520423 · Cited by 1
“Skeletal muscle secretes β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA), a non-proteinogenic amino acid, during acute or prolonged physical activity in mammals (Roberts et al. 2014).”
Meta-analysis of urinary metabolite GWAS studies identifies novel genome-wide significant loci
Zaki, J. K., Tomasik, J., McCune, J. A., Scherman, O. A., & Bahn, S. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-07518-0 · Cited by 1
“Among the significant associations confirmed by the present study, a notable cluster of five closely situated loci was observed on chromosome 17.”
Role of Myokines on the Bone Metabolism of Craniofacial Region: A Scoping Review
Rajan, A. S., & Tanaka, E. I. (2025) · Dentistry Journal · doi:10.3390/dj13090400 · Cited by 1
“FGF21 and BAIBA are additional myokines involved in bone – fat - muscle cross-communication [43].”
GABA induces myokine irisin release from skeletal muscle
Fan, L., Liao, Y., WANG, Z., Ni, Y., CUI, Q., Wang, Y., Zhang, L., Ye, H., Sun, X., Li, Y., et al. (2026) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2025.124181 · Cited by 1
Wang, H., He, W., Wang, H., Wang, H., Wen-Jun, F. A. N. G., Li, M., Huang, J., Chen, F., Wang, H.-G., Zhu, L., et al. (2026) · Medicine Bulletin · doi:10.1002/mdb2.70037 · Cited by 1
The Role of Iron in Adipose Tissue Function, Crosstalk, and Transdifferentiation
Guo, J., Yu, P., 李陈康, 聂桂英, Xu, W., Chen, M., Li, L., Peng, T., & Xie, W. (2026) · Cell Biochemistry and Function · doi:10.1002/cbf.70229 · Cited by 1
“Exercise increases the plasma concentration of β‐aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA) [56], a metabolite that induces a brown adipose‐ like phenotype and upregulates UCP1 in white adipocytes via PPARα [57], suggesting that exercise may promote WAT browning.”
The emerging role of the Hippo signaling pathway in interorgan crosstalk
Song, G., Lee, C., & Jho, E. (2026) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.70587 · Cited by 1
Brown fat protects against hepatic oxidative stress by remodeling the circulating metabolome
Wang, D., Li, M., Lu, T., Matsushita, M., Sakai, J., Saito, M., Yoneshiro, T., & Kajimura, S. (2026) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2026.06.020 · Cited by 1
“During vigorous exercise, skeletal muscle releases metabolites and myokines, such as β -aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA) and irisin, that enhance fuel oxidation in adipose tissue 70–72 .”
Cytokines et réseau métabolique : un nouveau paradigme de la diabésité
Hébert-Schuster, M., Sarfati, G., & Larger, É. (2014) · Revue Francophone des Laboratoires · doi:10.1016/s1773-035x(14)72710-8 · Cited by 1
Berg, S. M., Havelund, J. F., Hasler‐Sheetal, H., Kruse, V., Pedersen, A. J. T., Hansen, A. B., Nybo, M., Beck‐Nielsen, H., Højlund, K., & Færgeman, N. J. (2017) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2017.02.009 · Cited by 1
Han, X. X., Holst, J. J., & Galbo, H. (2022) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm12050837 · Cited by 1
Isolation and Mass Spectrometry-Based Profiling of Major Lipids in Brown Adipose Tissue
Lu, D., Fujiwara, H., Lodhi, I. J., & Hsu, F. (2023) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-3167-6_20 · Cited by 1
Cederfelt, D., Badgujar, D. C., Musse, A. A., Lohkamp, B., Danielson, U. H., & Dobritzsch, D. (2023) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom13121763 · Cited by 1
“…of reductive thymine degradation is β -aminoisobutyrate ( β AIBA), a muscle-released hormone that induces conversion of white to brown adipose tissue and stimulates secretion of leptin and fatty acid oxidation, thereby contributing to exercise-induced protection from metabolic disease [12,13].”
BackgroundMetabolic small talk during exercise: The role of metabokines and lipokines in interorgan signalling
Gad, S. A., Smith, H., & Roberts, L. D. (2024) · Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1016/j.coemr.2024.100525 · Cited by 3
Quantum chemical study of molecular properties of small branched-chain amino acids in water
Boča, R., Rádiková, Ž., Štofko, J., Vranovičová, B., & Rajnák, C. (2025) · Amino Acids · doi:10.1007/s00726-024-03437-y · Cited by 1
“BAIBA is secreted from muscle in response to physical activity and thought to induce browning of white adipose tissue by interfering with the PPARα mediated mechanism, to decrease weight gain, and to improve glucose tolerance (Roberts et al. 2014).”
Cross-Talk Between Muscle and Bone
Mo, C., Wang, Z., Brotto, L. S., Pollack, D. A., Huang, J., & Brotto, M. A. P. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-25890-0_4 · Cited by 1
Understanding Myocardial Metabolism in the Context of Cardio-Oncology
Liu, J., Chen, Z., Patel, J., & Asnani, A. H. (2022) · Heart Failure Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.hfc.2022.02.004 · Cited by 1
Editorial overview: Muscle and bone are highly effective communicators
Taylor, J. M. (2017) · Current Opinion in Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.coph.2017.11.005 · Cited by 1
Wang, Z., Lyssikatos, C., Liu, Z., Warden, S. J., Bonewald, L. F., & Brotto, M. A. P. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2492780/v1 · Cited by 1
Lee, H. (2014) · Scholarly Commons (University of Pennsylvania)
Donner, A. L. (2014) · Nature Chemical Biology · doi:10.1038/nchembio.1466
Therapy for Obesity and Its Comorbidities
Mulya, A., & Kirwan, J. P. (2016)
Association between β-amino-isobutyric acid (BAIBA) and cardiometabolic risk factors
Haidar, S. A., de Vries, N. K., Karavetian, M., Laviano, A., & Rached, M. (2019) · Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.3233/mnm-190294
Role of Exercise on Beige Cell
Lee, H. J. (2018) · 한국체육학회지 · doi:10.23949/kjpe.2018.03.57.2.37
Do Myokines Have Potential as Exercise Mimetics?
Manabe, Y. (2018) · YAKUGAKU ZASSHI · doi:10.1248/yakushi.18-00091-5
Jafari, M., Fathi, M., & Pouryamehr, E. (2016) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)
Muscle-Derived Soluble Mediators Regulating Bone
Grano, M., & Colaianni, G. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.11218-8
Paracrine Modulation of Mechanotransduction
Huang, J., Wang, Z., Brotto, L. S., Varanasi, V. G., Mo, C., & Brotto, M. A. P. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.11214-0
Osteocytes: More Than Just Mechanosensory Cells
Prideaux, M., & Bonewald, L. F. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.11203-6
Bi, K., Smolyakov, Y. N., Guseva, E. S., Давыдов, С. О., & Цыбиков, Н. Н. (2020) · Arterial’naya Gipertenziya (Arterial Hypertension) · doi:10.18705/1607-419x-2020-26-5-581-589
Efeitos do treinamento físico aeróbio sobre a regulação dos microRNAs no tumor do câncer de cólon
Tobias, G. C. (2021) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.39.2021.tde-18052021-122244
Gremminger, V. L. (2021) · MOspace Institutional Repository (University of Missouri) · doi:10.32469/10355/85774
Paracrine role for endothelial IGF-1 receptor in white adipocyte beigingPreprint
Haywood, N. J., Bridge, K., Luk, C., Warmke, N., Simmons, K. J., Drozd, M., Moran, A., Straw, S., Scragg, J. L., Smith, J., et al. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.12.01.470734
Xu, Y., Peng, S., Cao, X., Qian, S., Shen, S., Luo, J., Zhang, X., Sun, H., Shen, W. L., Jia, W., et al. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.12.23.424102
Rodríguez, A. M., Bonet, M. L., & Ribot, J. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813814-4.00026-2
Will, H. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-55110-9_4
Unraveling the Function of Skeletal Muscle as a Secretory Organ
Aoi, W., Takagi, T., & Naito, Y. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813922-6.00032-1
How exercise benefits the body
(2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/505265a
Altered Metabolome of Amino Acids Species: A Source of Signature Early Biomarkers of T2DM
Czajkowska, A., Hameed, A., Galli, M., Ijaz, M. U., Kretowski, A. J., & Ciborowski, M. (2022) · Biomarkers in disease · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-81303-1_5-1
Mechanism of Gene Regulation in Skeletal Muscle Function
Kamei, Y. (2022) · Nippon Eiyo Shokuryo Gakkaishi · doi:10.4327/jsnfs.75.267
Yao, X., Mai, X., Tian, Y., Liu, Y., Jin, G., Li, Z., Chen, S., Dai, X., Jin, X., Huang, L., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.09.20.558627
Muskulatur: „peripheres mechanisch- und Signalstoff-gestütztes Zentrum der Gesundheit“
Laube, W. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-67753-7_8
Regulation of Metabolism and Exercise Functions Associated with Skeletal Muscle and Gut Crosstalk
Aoi, W. (2023) · Nippon Eiyo Shokuryo Gakkaishi · doi:10.4327/jsnfs.76.305
Effects of different intensity endurance training on atrial fibrillation in rats
Xiao, J., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Li, C., Yang, C., Jiang, Y., Lai, X., & Lin, Z. (2026) · Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/s11010-026-05655-2
羽田, 幹. (2024) · Nihon Ika Daigaku Igakkai Zasshi · doi:10.1272/manms.20.266
Myokines — the cardiometabolic risk potential biomarkers
Timofeev, Y. S., Metelskaya, V. A., Sheptulina, A. F., Neshkova, E. A., Dubovskaya, N. I., Yafarova, A. A., Мамутовна, М. Э., Валерьевна, Д. Н., Khatri, D. N., & Drapkina, O. M. (2025) · Russian Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.17116/profmed202528071119
Thaker, V., Gu, W., Deng, S., Stylopoulos, N., Clish, C. B., Hirschhorn, J. N., & Salem, R. M. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-7256000/v1
Exercise Intensity Modulates the Human Plasma Secretome and Interorgan CommunicationPreprint
Olsen, L., Botella, J., Barrows, D., Romero, E., Baird, K., Katayama, M., Kilic, E., Peralta, C., Sanford, H., Farrell, L. A., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.10.22.683699
Autophagy in adipose tissue thermogenic function
Villarroya, J., Blasco-Roset, A., & Giralt, M. (2025) · International review of cytology · doi:10.1016/bs.ircmb.2025.10.006
Xue, C., Xie, Q., Zhang, C., Hu, Y., Song, X., Jia, Y., Shi, X., Chen, Y., Liu, Y., Zhao, L., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20454680
Doumatey, A. P., Shriner, D., Zhou, J., Lei, L., Chen, G., Oluwasola-Taiwo, O., Nkem, S., Ogundeji, A., Adebamowo, S. N., Bentley, A. R., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25347107
Doumatey, A. P., Shriner, D., Zhou, J., Lei, L., Chen, G., Oluwasola-Taiwo, O., Nkem, S., Ogundeji, A., Adebamowo, S. N., Bentley, A. R., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26689157
Doumatey, A. P., Shriner, D., Zhou, J., Lei, L., Chen, G., Oluwasola-Taiwo, O., Nkem, S., Ogundeji, A., Adebamowo, S. N., Bentley, A. R., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25347235
Zhang, Z., Li, X., Guo, J., He, B., Wu, L., Yang, R., Li, X., Fang, D., Yang, X., Yang, D., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26649402
Zhang, Z., Li, X., Guo, J., He, B., Wu, L., Yang, R., Li, X., Fang, D., Yang, X., Yang, D., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24742978
Zhang, Z., Li, X., Guo, J., He, B., Wu, L., Yang, R., Li, X., Fang, D., Yang, X., Yang, D., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26649411
Xue, C., Xie, Q., Zhang, C., Hu, Y., Song, X., Jia, Y., Shi, X., Chen, Y., Liu, Y., Zhao, L., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20454692
Xue, C., Xie, Q., Zhang, C., Hu, Y., Song, X., Jia, Y., Shi, X., Chen, Y., Liu, Y., Zhao, L., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20454677
Zhang, Z., Li, X., Guo, J., He, B., Wu, L., Yang, R., Li, X., Fang, D., Yang, X., Yang, D., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26649414
Zhang, Z., Li, X., Guo, J., He, B., Wu, L., Yang, R., Li, X., Fang, D., Yang, X., Yang, D., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24741800
Zhang, Z., Li, X., Guo, J., He, B., Wu, L., Yang, R., Li, X., Fang, D., Yang, X., Yang, D., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26649417
Zhang, Z., Li, X., Guo, J., He, B., Wu, L., Yang, R., Li, X., Fang, D., Yang, X., Yang, D., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26649420
Doumatey, A. P., Shriner, D., Zhou, J., Lei, L., Chen, G., Oluwasola-Taiwo, O., Nkem, S., Ogundeji, A., Adebamowo, S. N., Bentley, A. R., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26689160
Zhang, Z., Li, X., Guo, J., He, B., Wu, L., Yang, R., Li, X., Fang, D., Yang, X., Yang, D., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26649408
Xue, C., Xie, Q., Zhang, C., Hu, Y., Song, X., Jia, Y., Shi, X., Chen, Y., Liu, Y., Zhao, L., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20454689
Xue, C., Xie, Q., Zhang, C., Hu, Y., Song, X., Jia, Y., Shi, X., Chen, Y., Liu, Y., Zhao, L., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20454686
Xue, C., Xie, Q., Zhang, C., Hu, Y., Song, X., Jia, Y., Shi, X., Chen, Y., Liu, Y., Zhao, L., et al. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20454674
Metadata
- Authors
- Roberts, L. D., Boström, P., O’Sullivan, J. F., Schinzel, R. T., Lewis, G. D., Dejam, A., Lee, Y.-K., Palma, M. J., Calhoun, S., Georgiadi, A., Chen, M.-H., Ramachandran, V. S., Larson, M. G., Bouchard, C., Rankinen, T., Souza, A. L., Clish, C. B., Wang, T. J., Estall, J. L., Soukas, A. A., Cowan, C. A., Spiegelman, B. M., & Gerszten, R. E.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Broad Institute (US)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Boston University (US)
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center (US)
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Gerszten, Robert E.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-01
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 96-108
- ISSN
- 1550-4131 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4017355
- OpenAlex
- W1974559463
- Cited by
- 643
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 49 · 2025: 46 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 65 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 55 · 2019: 59 · 2018: 50 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 51 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 21
- FWCI
- 32.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (n01hc25195-41-0-1)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N01‐HC25195, R01HL098280, N01-HC-025195, R01HL045670)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK095384, R01DK031405, DK-31405, R37DK031405, R01DK081572)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Keywords
- beta-aminoisobutyric acid, myokines, PGC-1α, brown adipose tissue browning, white adipose tissue, hepatic beta-oxidation, PPARα, physical activity, glucose homeostasis, cardiometabolic risk factors
- MeSH terms
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha, Aminoisobutyric Acids, Animals, Adipose Tissue, Brown, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cell Differentiation, Gene Expression Regulation, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Liver, Metabolic Diseases, Organ Specificity, Oxidation-Reduction, Phenotype, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Risk Factors, Transcription Factors, Transcription, Genetic, Weight Gain, Exercise, PPAR alpha, Mice, Adipose Tissue, White, Adipocytes, Brown, Adipocytes, White, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
