Cited by 144Gut microbiota and healthDietary Effects on HealthAdipose Tissue and Metabolism

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Intermittent Fasting Promotes White Adipose Browning and Decreases Obesity by Shaping the Gut Microbiota

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Li, Guolin, Xie, Cen, Lu, Siyu, Nichols, Robert G., Tian, Yuan, Li, Licen, Patel, Daxeshkumar, Ma, Yinyan, Brocker, Chad N., Yan, Tingting, Krausz, Kristopher W., Xiang, Rong, Gavrilova, Oksana, Patterson, Andrew D., Gonzalez, Frank J.·2017·Cell Metabolism

DOI 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.10.007PMC PMC5695033

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“Gut Microbiota Orchestrates EODF-Induced WAT Beiging Recently, correlative evidence revealed a metabolic interaction between the gut microbial communities and the host, and gut bacteria have an important role in the regulation of brown and beige adipose tissues (Chevalier et al., 2015; Holmes et al., 2012; Mestdagh et…”
Beige Adipocytes Are a Distinct Type of Thermogenic Fat Cell in Mouse and Human
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The links between gut microbiota and obesity and obesity related diseases
Geng, J., Ni, Q., Sun, W., Li, L., & Feng, X. (2022) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112678 · Cited by 422
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Cancer Cachexia: More Than Skeletal Muscle Wasting
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“The transfer of gut microbiota from jet-lagged humans into germ-free mice results in the development of insulin resistance and obesity (Thaiss et al., 2014), whereas intermittent fasting restores glucose tolerance (Leone et al., 2015; Li et al., 2017).”
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“, microbiota-depleted mice were resistant to IF-induced browning of white adipose tissue, while FMT from IF-treated mice to microbiota-depleted mice activated browning of white adipose cells [14].”
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“Intermittent fasting, an eating pattern composed of periods of fasting alternated with period of eating, has been linked to gut microbiota changes in mice and health promoting effects in humans (260–262).”
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“, 2014), intermittent fasting (Li et al., 2017), and noradrenergic stimulation using p3 agonists such as CL316243 (Himms-Hagen et al.”
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Background
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Background
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“Gonzalez’s group has recently demonstrated in mice that intermittent calorie restriction activates brown adipose tissue and ameliorates obesity by most likely modulating the composition of gut microbiota (Li et al., 2017).”
Background
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“Furthermore, an earlier study pointed out that IF promoted white adipose browning and decreased obesity by shaping the gut flora (4).”
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“Mice on an every-other-day fasting regimen selectively activate beige fat thermogenesis and alleviate obesity-related metabolic diseases, likely via the microbiota-beige-fat axis [10].”
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Intermittent fasting protects against food allergy in a murine model via regulating gut microbiota
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Osada, Y., Nakagawa, S., Ishibe, K., Takao, S., Shimazaki, A., Itohara, K., Imai, S., Yonezawa, A., Nakagawa, T., & Matsubara, K. (2021) · American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00111.2021 · Cited by 24
Control of Adipose Cell Browning and Its Therapeutic Potential
Lizcano, F., & Arroyave, F. (2020) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo10110471 · Cited by 23
“In support of these findings, several studies have shown that acetate increases the activity of brown fat and induces the formation of beige adipocytes [223,224].”
Gut microbiota—a positive contributor in the process of intermittent fasting-mediated obesity control
Rong, B., Wu, Q., Saeed, M., & Sun, C. (2021) · Animal nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2021.09.009 · Cited by 24
“published papers, suggesting that gut microbiota holds huge potential for reflecting IF-mediated positive influence (Barton et al., 2018; Maria Carlota Dao et al., 2016; Li et al., 2017).”
Influential
Intermittent fasting causes metabolic stress and leucopenia in young mice
Sorochynska, O. M., Bayliak, M. M., Vasylyk, Y. V., Kuzniak, O. V., Drohomyretska, I. Z., Klonovskyi, A. Y., Storey, J. M., Storey, K. B., & Lushchak, V. I. (2019) · The Ukrainian Biochemical Journal · doi:10.15407/ubj91.01.053 · Cited by 23
Alternate day fasting aggravates atherosclerosis through the suppression of hepatic ATF3 in Apoe−/− mice
Deng, Y., Yang, X., Ye, X., Yuan, Y., Zhang, Y., Teng, F., You, D., Zhou, X., Liu, W., Li, K., et al. (2024) · Life Metabolism · doi:10.1093/lifemeta/loae009 · Cited by 22
Factors that affect the translation of dietary restriction into a longer life
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Untargeted serum metabolomics reveals potential biomarkers and metabolic pathways associated with esophageal cancer
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Browning of the subcutaneous adipocytes in diet-induced obese mouse submitted to intermittent fasting
Marinho, T. D. S., Ornellas, F., Águila, M. B., & Mandarim‐de‐Lacerda, C. A. (2020) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2020.110872 · Cited by 19
Physiologic and molecular characterization of a novel murine model of metastatic head and neck cancer cachexia
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Intermittent Fasting Alleviates Non‐Alcoholic Steatohepatitis by Regulating Bile Acid Metabolism and Promoting Fecal Bile Acid Excretion in High‐Fat and High‐Cholesterol Diet Fed Mice
Lin, X., Zhu, X., Xin, Y., Zhang, P., Xiao, Y., He, T., & Guo, H. (2023) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.202200595 · Cited by 18
Loss of Sirt6 in adipocytes impairs the ability of adipose tissue to adapt to intermittent fasting
Wu, D., Bang, I. H., Park, B., & Bae, E. J. (2021) · Experimental & Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/s12276-021-00664-1 · Cited by 20
Enoyl coenzyme A hydratase 1 combats obesity and related metabolic disorders by promoting adipose tissue browning
Mao, X., Huang, D., Rao, C., Du, M., Liang, M., Li, F., Liu, B., & Huang, K. (2020) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00424.2019 · Cited by 18
A Systematic Review of the Interaction Between Gut Microbiota and Host Health from a Symbiotic Perspective
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“Gut microbiota can affect fat accumulation by regulating the degree of whitening browning [79, 80] and regulating the expression levels of fat metabolism-related genes [81] (Fiaf, Acc1, and Fas).”
Background
Dynamics and ecological reassembly of the human gut microbiome and the host metabolome in response to prolonged fasting
Sang, X., Li, S., Guo, R., Yan, Q., Liu, C., Zhang, Y., Lv, Q., Wu, L., Ma, J., You, W., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1265425 · Cited by 14
“In humans, intermittent fasting can activate white adipose browning to ameliorate obesity (Li et al., 2017), inhibit the proliferation of colorectal cancer (Weng et al., 2020), and improve metabolic abnormalities and healthspan (Etemadifar et al., 2016; Mattson et al., 2017; De Cabo and Mattson,…”
Intermittent Fasting Improves Insulin Resistance by Modulating the Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid Metabolism in Diet‐Induced Obesity
Lei, S., Liu, G., Wang, S., Zong, G., Zhang, X., Pan, L., & Han, J. (2024) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.202400451 · Cited by 16
Common traits between the beige fat-inducing stimuli
Stojanović, O., Kieser, S., & Trajkovski, M. (2018) · Current Opinion in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2018.05.011 · Cited by 13
A non-pharmacological therapeutic approach in the gut triggers distal metabolic rewiring capable of ameliorating diet-induced dysfunctions encompassed by metabolic syndrome
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Intermittent fasting promotes rejuvenation of immunosenescent phenotypes in aged adipose tissue
Ealey, K. N., Togo, J., Lee, J. H., Patel, Y., Kim, J.-R., Park, S., & Sung, H. (2024) · GeroScience · doi:10.1007/s11357-024-01093-4 · Cited by 16
“Previous studies have suggested that IF regimens increase energy expenditure (EE) and promote thermogenesis in younger animals [24, 32, 33].”
From fasting to fat reshaping: exploring the molecular pathways of intermittent fasting-induced adipose tissue remodeling
Vo, N., Zhang, Q., & Sung, H. (2024) · Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.3389/jpps.2024.13062 · Cited by 17
Bigu-Style Fasting Affects Metabolic Health by Modulating Taurine, Glucose, and Cholesterol Homeostasis in Healthy Young Adults
Tang, L., Li, L., Bu, L., Guo, S., He, Y., Liu, L., Xing, Y., Lou, F., Zhang, F., Wang, S., et al. (2021) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxab123 · Cited by 16
Self-citation
Crosstalk between adipose tissue and the microbiota-gut-brain axis in metabolic diseases
Yu, Z.-W., Wang, Y., Yu, Z. H., Lu, M., & Xu, B. (2022) · International Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijbs.68786 · Cited by 15
“Li and colleagues found that every-other-day fasting (EODF) altered the composition of the intestinal microbiota, resulting in increased levels of the fermentation products acetic acid and lactic acid, which promote the development of browning of WAT into beige adipose tissue, and eventually ameliorate obesity, insuli…”
The Microbiome and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
Beyoğlu, D., & Idle, J. R. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26072882 · Cited by 15
Short-term fasting reshapes fat tissue
Mao, T., Wei, Q., Zhao, F. J., & Zhang, C. (2021) · Endocrine Journal · doi:10.1507/endocrj.ej20-0405 · Cited by 13
“For decades, the beneficial effects of IF on metabolic diseases in humans and animals have been demonstrated, but very few articles have attempted to clarify the under‐ lying mechanism [5, 6].”
Influential
A review of the role of intermittent fasting in the management of inflammatory bowel disease
Lavallee, C. M., Bruno, A., Ma, C., & Raman, M. (2023) · Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1177/17562848231171756 · Cited by 14
Loss of FoxO1 activates an alternate mechanism of mitochondrial quality control for healthy adipose browning
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Fecal microbiota composition is related to brown adipose tissue 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in young adults
Ortiz-Alvarez, L., Acosta, F. M., Xu, H., Sánchez‐Delgado, G., Vilchez‐Vargas, R., Link, A., Plaza‐Díaz, J., Elvira, J. M. L., Gil, Á., Labayen, I., et al. (2022) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-022-01936-x · Cited by 12
Intermittent fasting and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: the potential role of the gut-liver axis
Zhang, Z., Kong, A. P. S., Wong, V. W., & Hui, X. H. (2025) · Cell & Bioscience · doi:10.1186/s13578-025-01406-w · Cited by 14
“Similarly, Li et al. found that fasting significantly improved obesity, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis [32].”
Gut Dysbiosis–Induced Hypertension Is Ameliorated by Intermittent Fasting
Touyz, R. M. (2021) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.121.319147 · Cited by 9
Gut microbiota and transcriptome dynamics in every-other-day fasting are associated with neuroprotection in rats with spinal cord injury
Wang, J., Zhao, X., Zhou, R.-H., Wang, M., Xiang, W., You, Z., Li, M., Tang, R., Zheng, J., Li, J., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1206909 · Cited by 9
“, 2021, 2022), obese (Li et al., 2017; Deng et al., 2020; Liu et al., 2021a), or diabetic (Liu et al.”
Systems-wide effects of short-term feed deprivation in obese mice
Andersen, D., Roager, H. M., Zhang, L., Moll, J. M., Frandsen, H. L., Danneskiold‐Samsøe, N. B., Hansen, A. K., Kristiansen, K., Licht, T. R., & Brix, S. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-85020-z · Cited by 8
The gut’s feeling on bile acid signaling in NAFLD
Chiang, J. Y. L. (2018) · HepatoBiliary Surgery and Nutrition · doi:10.21037/hbsn.2018.01.02 · Cited by 9
“High fat diets, circadian disruption, time of feeding/fasting, drugs and hormones can shape gut microbiota to alter bile acid composition and signaling and metabolic disorders such as NAFLD (8,12).”
Rethinking fat Browning: Uncovering new molecular insights into the synergistic roles of fasting, exercise, and cold exposure
Alashti, F. A., & Goliaei, B. (2025) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2025.177651 · Cited by 8
Beneficial effects of a decreased meal frequency on nutrient utilization, secretion of luteinizing hormones and ovarian follicular development in gilts
Hua, L., Zhao, L., Mao, Z., Li, W., Li, J., Jiang, X., Che, L., Xu, S., Lin, Y., Fang, Z., et al. (2021) · Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology/Journal of animal science and biotechnology · doi:10.1186/s40104-021-00564-4 · Cited by 9
“Gut microbiota has been recognized as an important factor in regulating host metabolism through SCFAs [10, 29, 30], which stimulated us to test the effect of MF on SCFAs production in feces.”
Influential
The microbiome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Biological drivers, therapeutic interactions, and emerging clinical applications
Bello, A. D., Scala, A., Gili, R., Falcicchia, R., Bassolino, A., Polidori, S., D’Auria, F., Tortora, G., Bossi, P., & Cassano, A. (2026) · Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology · doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2025.105108 · Cited by 7
Diet-Induced Alterations in Gut Microbiota Composition and Function
Rinninella, E., Cintoni, M., Raoul, P. C., Ianiro, G., Laterza, L., Ponziani, F. R., Pulcini, G., Gasbarrini, A., & Mele, M. C. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819265-8.00035-8 · Cited by 9
Overexpression of Pregnancy Zone Protein in Fat Antagonizes Diet-Induced Obesity Under an Intermittent Fasting Regime
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Ramadan 2020 and Beyond in the Midst of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Scientific Evidence For Action
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Farklı Diyet Modellerinin Bağırsak Mikrobiyotası Üzerine Etkisi
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“Ayrıca bu diyetin bej yağ dokusunu bağırsak mikrobiyotasındaki değişiklikle aktive edebileceği bildirilmiştir (36).”
Maternal Intermittent Fasting Before Mating Alters Hepatic DNA Methylation in Offspring
Yin, W., Liang, Y. J., Sun, L., Yin, Y., & Zhang, W. (2021) · Epigenomics · doi:10.2217/epi-2020-0403 · Cited by 6
Dietary composition and fasting regimens differentially impact the gut microbiome and short-chain fatty acid profile in a Pakistani cohort
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“In addition, intermittent fasting also improves blood pressure regulation and cardiovascular health, increases renal function, and lowers brain natriuretic peptide levels (Khan et al., 2022; Li et al., 2017).”
Consumo de mono, di, oligo sacáridos y polioles fermentables (FODMAPs), una nueva fuente de sintomatología gastrointestinal
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Fasting and metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and Meta-analyses
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Mind over Microbes: Investigating the Interplay between Lifestyle Factors, Gut Microbiota, and Brain Health
Bali, P., Lal, P., Sivapuram, M. S., Kutikuppala, L. V. S., Avti, P., Chanana, A., Kumar, S., & Anand, A. (2024) · Neuroepidemiology · doi:10.1159/000538416 · Cited by 4
“Recent studies have also shown the use of IF as one of the treatment adjuvants for many diseases such as T2DM [91], MS [92], and promoting the browning of the white adipose tissue [93].”

Authors: Li, G., Xie, C., Lu, S., Nichols, R. G., Tian, Y., Li, L., Patel, D., Ma, Y., Brocker, C. N., Yan, T., Krausz, K. W., Xiang, R., Gavrilova, O., Patterson, A. D., & Gonzalez, F. J.
Corresponding author: Li, Guolin
Gonzalez, Frank J.
ORCID: Li, Guolin
Xie, Cen
Nichols, Robert G.
Tian, Yuan
Ma, Yinyan
Brocker, Chad N.
Krausz, Kristopher W.
Xiang, Rong
Patterson, Andrew D.
Gonzalez, Frank J.
Venue: Cell Metabolism
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2017-11
Volume: 26
Issue: 5
Pages: 801
ISSN: 1550-4131 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.10.007
PMC: PMC5695033
OpenAlex: W4253137490
Cited by: 144
References: 67
Citations by year: 2026: 12 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 16
FWCI: 5.36
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 371 d)
Locations: Cell Metabolism (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Cancer Institute (Z01BC005561)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Dietary Effects on Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
Keywords: intermittent fasting, white adipose tissue browning, brown adipose tissue, obesity, gut microbiota, gut microbiota transplantation, antibiotic therapy, caloric restriction, metabolic disorders

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Intermittent Fasting Promotes White Adipose Browning and Decreases Obesity by Shaping the Gut Microbiota

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