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The role of myelin and oligodendrocytes in axonal energy metabolism
Abstract
In vertebrates, the myelination of long axons by oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells enables rapid impulse propagation. However, myelin sheaths are not only passive insulators. Oligodendrocytes are also known to support axonal functions and long-term integrity. Some of the underlying mechanisms have now been identified. It could be shown that oligodendrocytes can survive in vivo by aerobic glycolysis. Myelinating oligodendrocytes release lactate through the monocarboxylate transporter MCT1. Lactate is then utilized by axons for mitochondrial ATP generation. Studying axo-glial signalling and energy metabolism will lead to a better understanding of neurodegenerative diseases, in which axonal energy metabolism fails. These include neurological disorders as diverse as multiple sclerosis, leukodystrophies, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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“They also play a role in the development and maintenance of myelin in the CNS and produce neurotrophic elements (Saab et al. 2013).”
From MiR-124 and MiR-155 as Therapeutic Targets in Microglia-Mediated Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis (2025) · cites this paper as Saab et al. 2013
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Glycolytic oligodendrocytes maintain myelin and long-term axonal integrity
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“It is tempting to speculate that the progression of other neuro-psychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease [3,61] and schizophrenia [62], could be likewise influenced by glycolytic oligodendrocytes and white matter abnormalities.”
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“However, the concept of glycolytic support by oligodendrocytes (Morrison et al., 2013; Saab et al., 2013) rai- ses the question of how glucose utilization is quantitatively regu- lated.”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Saab, A. S., Tzvetanova, I. D., & Nave, K.-A.
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Neurobiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-12
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1065-1072
- ISSN
- 0959-4388
- Cited by
- 324
- References
- 12
- Language
- en
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