Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on fatigue in cancer survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Open accessAbstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to determine the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in improving fatigue-related outcomes in adult cancer survivors. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified from PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases and reference lists of included studies. Separate random-effects meta-analyses were conducted for fatigue and vitality/vigor. Twenty-three studies reporting on 21 RCTs (N = 2239) met inclusion criteria. MBIs significantly reduced fatigue compared to controls at post-intervention (g = 0.60, 95 % CI [0.36, 0.83]) and first follow-up (g = 0.42, 95 % CI [0.20, 0.64]). Likewise, MBIs significantly improved vitality/vigor at post-intervention (g = 0.39, 95 % CI [0.25, 0.52]) and first follow-up (g = 0.35, 95 % CI [0.03, 0.67]). The evidence grade was low due to risk of bias, substantial heterogeneity, and publication bias among studies. MBIs show promise in improving fatigue and vitality/vigor in cancer survivors. More rigorous trials are needed to address current gaps in the evidence base.
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MBIs are effective at reducing fatigue associated with cancer treatment.
“Given the MBIs' effectiveness at reducing fatigue associated with cancer treatment, 38 more studies are warranted for poststroke survivors.”
From Nursing Implications of Mindfulness-Informed Interventions for Stroke Survivors and Their Families. (2022) · cites this paper as [38]
The Conclusions report reduced fatigue in cancer survivors after MBIs and at the first follow-up. But they describe the findings as promising, rate the evidence quality as low, and make only tentative recommendations; the claim presents effectiveness as established. The paper studies fatigue in cancer survivors rather than specifically isolating fatigue caused by cancer treatment. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredA growing body of evidence supports the benefits of mindfulness as an effective treatment to improve mood and decrease symptoms of sleep disturbance and fatigue in cancer patients.
“A growing body of evidence supports the benefits of mindfulness as an effective treatment to improve mood and decrease symptoms of sleep disturbance and fatigue in cancer patients.12-19”
From Implementation Readiness and Initial Effects of a Brief Mindfulness Audio Intervention Compared With a Brief Music Control During Daily Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Pilot Study. (2024) · cites this paper as [17]
The Results (Effect Sizes Post-Intervention; page unavailable) report significantly improved fatigue with mindfulness-based interventions in cancer survivors. The Introduction mentions mood and sleep disturbance as symptoms associated with fatigue, but the cited analysis does not establish that the interventions improve mood or reduce sleep disturbance. (LLM, conf=0.90)
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- Authors
- Johns, S. A., Tarver, W. L., Secinti, E., Mosher, C. E., Stutz, P. V., Carnahan, J. L., Talib, T. L., Shanahan, M. L., Faidley, M. T., Kidwell, K. M., & Rand, K. L.
- Affiliations
- Regenstrief Institute (US)
- The Ohio State University (US)
- Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis (US)
- Indiana University Indianapolis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Johns, Shelley A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-04
- Volume
- 160
- Pages
- 103290
- ISSN
- 1040-8428 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8200642
- OpenAlex
- W3134979213
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 15
- FWCI
- 1.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- IUScholarWorks (Indiana University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Walther Cancer Foundation Inc
- National Cancer Institute
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cancer-related cognitive impairment studies
- Keywords
- mindfulness-based interventions, cancer survivors, cancer-related fatigue, vitality, vigor, psychological well-being, intervention efficacy
- MeSH terms
- Cancer Survivors, Adult, Fatigue, Humans, Neoplasms, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Mindfulness
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