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The Origin and Diversification of Mitochondria
Open accessAbstract
Mitochondria are best known for their role in the generation of ATP by aerobic respiration. Yet, research in the past half century has shown that they perform a much larger suite of functions and that these functions can vary substantially among diverse eukaryotic lineages. Despite this diversity, all mitochondria derive from a common ancestral organelle that originated from the integration of an endosymbiotic alphaproteobacterium into a host cell related to Asgard Archaea. The transition from endosymbiotic bacterium to permanent organelle entailed a massive number of evolutionary changes including the origins of hundreds of new genes and a protein import system, insertion of membrane transporters, integration of metabolism and reproduction, genome reduction, endosymbiotic gene transfer, lateral gene transfer and the retargeting of proteins. These changes occurred incrementally as the endosymbiont and the host became integrated. Although many insights into this transition have been gained, controversy persists regarding the nature of the original endosymbiont, its initial interactions with the host and the timing of its integration relative to the origin of other features of eukaryote cells. Since the establishment of the organelle, proteins have been gained, lost, transferred and retargeted as mitochondria have specialized into the spectrum of functional types seen across the eukaryotic tree of life.
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To eat or not to eat mitochondria? How do host cells cope with mitophagy upon bacterial infection?
Verbeke, J., Bolle, X. D., & Arnould, T. (2023) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1011471 · Cited by 20
“In the light of their unique and intricate evolution, mitochondria developed into complex, motile, and highly dynamic organelles providing a variety of functions and signalling hubs for eukaryotic cells [1].”
BackgroundPathogenic Rickettsia spp. as emerging models for bacterial biology
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“Determining why Rickettsia spp. synthesize canonical PG when other Rickettsiales members either encode atypical “intermediate” PG (e.g., O. tsutsugamushi ) or lack PG entirely (e.g., A. phagocytophilum ) may reveal different selective pressures these pathogens face inside the host (144).”
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“According to the endosymbiotic theory, mitochondria originate from ancient endosym-biotic bacteria and possess semi-autonomous mitoge-nomes capable of encoding certain self-related proteins [2, 3].”
BackgroundMitochondrion-Related Organelles in Free-Living Protists
Leger, M. M., Kolísko, M., Stairs, C. W., & Simpson, A. G. B. (2019) · Microbiology monographs · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-17941-0_12 · Cited by 16
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“Metamonada represent highly diverged unicellular anaerobic eukaryotes [28] carrying specialized mitochondria [29].”
BackgroundMitochondrial osmoregulation in evolution, cation transport and metabolism
Austin, S., & Nowikovsky, K. (2021) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics · doi:10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148368 · Cited by 20
Feng, Y., Guo, M. A., Zhao, H., Han, S., Hao, Y., Yuan, Y., Shen, W., Sun, J., Dong, Q., & Cui, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2021.632374 · Cited by 19
“The anterograde transport of mitochondria will increase mitochondrial respiration and ATP production (Roger et al., 2017; Rangaraju et al., 2019).”
BackgroundJeedigunta, S. P., Minenkova, A. V., Palozzi, J. M., & Hurd, T. R. (2021) · Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev-genom-121420-081805 · Cited by 19
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“In most MROs, PDH is substituted by pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFO), pyruvate:NADP+ oxidoreductase (PNO), or pyruvate formate lyase (PFL) [2].”
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Dong, J., Wong, L. C., & Mims, M. P. (2018) · Translational research · doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2018.06.004 · Cited by 19
Mitochondrial DNA in Human Diversity and Health: From the Golden Age to the Omics Era
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“A fascinating tale explains the presence of this organelle within (human) cells, as the result of an endosymbiotic relationship between alphaproteobacteria and host ancestral cells [1].”
BackgroundMitochondrial biogenesis in organismal senescence and neurodegeneration
Daskalaki, I., & Tavernarakis, N. (2020) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2020.111345 · Cited by 18
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“Accordingly, their mitochondria have been highly reduced to hydrogenosomes or mitosomes which are still cordoned by a double membrane but lost most of the other mitochondrial attributes such as the genome and respiratory chain [24].”
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Circulating Cell-Free Mitochondrial DNA in Pregnancy
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“This event gave rise to mitochondria, which operate metabolic pathways that are critical for cell viability, such as oxidative energy production, amino acid synthesis, β -oxidation of fatty acids, and Fe-S cluster assembly, in modern eukaryotic cells (Roger et al. 2017).”
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Cytochrome c Oxidase on the Crossroads of Transcriptional Regulation and Bioenergetics
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“However, the transition to the permanent organelles caused profound evolutionary changes (Roger et al., 2017).”
BackgroundClinical features of mtDNA-related syndromes in adulthood
Montano, V., Gruosso, F., Simoncini, C., Siciliano, G., & Mancuso, M. (2020) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/j.abb.2020.108689 · Cited by 18
Methanogenic symbionts of anaerobic ciliates are host and habitat specific
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“…methanogens or sulfate-reducing bacteria, utilize the fermentation end-products of the host’s MROs, mainly H 2 , during methanogenesis or sulfate reduction, yielding a higher energetic efficiency for the host and resulting in methane or hydrogen sulfide production, respectively [6, 9, 13–20].”
Background[Mitochondrial DNA and cGAS-STING Innate Immune Signaling Pathway: Latest Research Progress].
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“[5] Andrew J Roger, Sergio A Muñoz-Gómez, and Ryoma Kamikawa.”
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“Mitochondria play a critical role in the production of energy through aerobic respiration, resulting in the formation of adenosine triphosphate [86] (Roger, Muñoz-Gómez and Kamikawa, 2017).”
BackgroundAssembly and comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Viburnum chinshanense
Zhu, H., Shan, Y., Li, J., et al. (2023) · BMC Plant Biology · doi:10.1186/s12870-023-04493-4 · Cited by 17
“According to the endosymbiotic theory, mitochondria originated from the endosymbiosis of alpha-bacteria within archaea-derived host cells, eventually evolving into organelles of eukaryotic cells [16].”
BackgroundResearch progress on the role of mitochondria in the process of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury
Zhou, Y., Qiu, T., Wang, T., Yu, B., Xia, K., Guo, J., Liu, Y., Ma, X., Zhang, L., Zou, J., et al. (2023) · Gastroenterology report · doi:10.1093/gastro/goae066 · Cited by 19
Anaerobic Transcription by OxyR: A Novel Paradigm for Nitrosative Stress
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“During evolution, mitochondria in eukaryotic cells originated from endosymbiotic bacteria (84).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Roger, A. J., Muñoz-Gómez, S. A., & Kamikawa, R.
- Affiliations
- Dalhousie University (CA)
- Kyoto University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Roger, Andrew J.
- Venue
- Current Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-11
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- R1177-R1192
- ISSN
- 0960-9822 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2767078779
- Semantic Scholar
- 7bb03e08dc50f88f426d6ec3ad173e496c036fb5
- Cited by
- 1,142
- References
- 130
- Citations by year
- 2026: 124 · 2025: 141 · 2024: 164 · 2023: 172 · 2022: 165 · 2021: 162 · 2020: 113 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 5.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Current Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (15H05606, 15K14591)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Keywords
- mitochondrial origin, endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria, Alphaproteobacteria, Asgard archaea, endosymbiotic gene transfer, horizontal gene transfer, membrane transporters, eukaryotic evolution, aerobic respiration
- MeSH terms
- Adenosine Triphosphate, Eukaryotic Cells, Biological Evolution, Mitochondria, Symbiosis, Alphaproteobacteria, Protein Transport, Membrane Transport Proteins, Genome, Mitochondrial
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