Surface treatments of titanium dental implants for rapid osseointegration
Abstract
The osseointegration rate of titanium dental implants is related to their composition and surface roughness. Rough-surfaced implants favor both bone anchoring and biomechanical stability. Osteoconductive calcium phosphate coatings promote bone healing and apposition, leading to the rapid biological fixation of implants. The different methods used for increasing surface roughness or applying osteoconductive coatings to titanium dental implants are reviewed. Surface treatments, such as titanium plasma-spraying, grit-blasting, acid-etching, anodization or calcium phosphate coatings, and their corresponding surface morphologies and properties are described. Most of these surfaces are commercially available and have proven clinical efficacy (>95% over 5 years). The precise role of surface chemistry and topography on the early events in dental implant osseointegration remain poorly understood. In addition, comparative clinical studies with different implant surfaces are rarely performed. The future of dental implantology should aim to develop surfaces with controlled and standardized topography or chemistry. This approach will be the only way to understand the interactions between proteins, cells and tissues, and implant surfaces. The local release of bone stimulating or resorptive drugs in the peri-implant region may also respond to difficult clinical situations with poor bone quality and quantity. These therapeutic strategies should ultimately enhance the osseointegration process of dental implants for their immediate loading and long-term success.
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Titanium implants used for bone tissue replacement show higher osseointegration when the surface is modified to permit attachment and migration of bone-forming cells.
“For example, titanium implants used for bone tissue replacement (e.g., hip/knee replacements, dental implants) show higher osseointegration when the surface is modified to permit attachment and migration of bone forming cells [87,88].”
From Biomaterial based modulation of macrophage polarization: a review and suggested design principles (2015) · cites this paper as [87]
Varying surface chemistries and roughness can modulate the macrophage response toward an M2 phenotype, which secretes prohealing and anti-inflammatory factors to mitigate fibrous tissue formation.
“Current research in this area focuses on varying surface chemistries and roughness to modulate the macrophage response toward an M2 phenotype, which will in turn secrete prohealing and anti-inflammatory factors to mitigate the formation of fibrous tissue [5,87,89].”
From Biomaterial based modulation of macrophage polarization: a review and suggested design principles (2015) · cites this paper as [87]
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Effects of polydopamine coating on the bioactivity of titanium for dental implants
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Osteogenic Effects of Ion Released from Biodegradable Metallic Magnesium and Calcium Coating
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- Authors
- Le Guéhennec, L., Soueidan, A., Layrolle, P., & Amouriq, Y.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Layrolle, P.
- Venue
- Dental Materials
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-07
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 844-854
- ISSN
- 0109-5641 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1975810455
- Cited by
- 2,406
- References
- 109
- Citations by year
- 2026: 46 · 2025: 96 · 2024: 104 · 2023: 113 · 2022: 139 · 2021: 146 · 2020: 183 · 2019: 169 · 2018: 191 · 2017: 168 · 2016: 181 · 2015: 168 · 2014: 150 · 2013: 134 · 2012: 121
- FWCI
- 6.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Dental Materials (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Oral Surgery › Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Surface Treatment and Coatings
- Keywords
- titanium dental implants, osseointegration, surface treatment, surface roughness, calcium phosphate coatings, plasma spraying, grit blasting, acid etching, anodic oxidation, surface topography, osteoconduction, immediate implant loading
- MeSH terms
- Calcium Phosphates, Surface Properties, Titanium, Dental Implants, Osseointegration, Bone Morphogenetic Proteins, Coated Materials, Biocompatible, Biomimetic Materials, Dental Etching, Nanostructures
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