Polydopamine-induced hydroxyapatite coating facilitates hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 implant osteogenesis: an in vitro and in vivo evaluation
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 (HA/P66) has been clinically used for several years owing to its good biocompatibility and bioactivity. However, it has been found that the osseointegration process of the HA/P66 implant takes a large amount of time because of the small amount of HA on its surface. METHODS: To increase the amount of HA and aid faster osseointegration, we prepared a HA coating using a biomimetic process assisted by polydopamine (PDA) on the HA/P66 substrate. The surface properties of the substrate modified by PDA and HA were characterized, and the capacity of biomaterials for osteogenic induction was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: The HA coating was successfully prepared on the HA/P66 substrate and verified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The HA coating remained firmly attached to the underlying PDA-HA/P66 substrate even after strong ultrasound treatment for 1 h, and the calcium and phosphorus of the HA coating was continuously released in vitro in a slow manner. The formation of the HA coating on the PDA film greatly increased the hydrophilicity and surface roughness of HA/P66. In cell-based experiments, as compared with the HA/P66 substrate, the HA coating formation on the PDA film could facilitate the functions of C3H10T1/2 cells, including cell adhesion, proliferation, spreading, alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium nodule formation, and expression of osteogenic differentiation-related proteins. In addition, the HA/P66 scaffolds modified with PDA and HA coatings were implanted in rabbit femoral condyles. At 8 weeks after surgery, micro-computed tomography scanning (micro-CT) and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining revealed that more new bones were formed around the HA/P66 scaffold that was modified with a PDA-assisted HA coating. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the preparation of a PDA-assisted HA coating by using a biomimetic process significantly improves the capacity of biomaterials for osteogenic induction.
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Covalent immobilization of BMP-2 onto PDA-coated implant surfaces ensures stable localization of BMP-2 at the implant-bone interface, prevents rapid diffusion and loss, enables sustained localized release of osteogenic cues, and thereby enhances recruitment and activation of osteoprogenitor cells and accelerates new bone formation around the implant.
“This strategy ensures stable localization of BMP-2 at the implant–bone interface, effectively preventing rapid diffusion and loss while enabling sustained, localized release of osteogenic cues.”
From Polydopamine-Based Biomaterials in Oral Medicine: Applications, Mechanisms, and Translational Challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [33]
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- Authors
- Xu, Y., Li, H., Wu, J., Yang, Q., Jiang, D., & Qiao, B.
- Affiliations
- The Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (CN)
- Sichuan University (CN)
- Chongqing Medical University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Jiang, Dianming
- Qiao, Bo
- Venue
- International Journal of Nanomedicine
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2018-11
- Volume
- Volume 13
- Pages
- 8179-8193
- ISSN
- 1176-9114 (ISSN-L)
- 1178-2013
- PMC
- PMC6280913
- OpenAlex
- W2902789884
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 1.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Nanomedicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Surface Treatment and Coatings
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Surfaces, Coatings and Films › Polymer Surface Interaction Studies
- Keywords
- polydopamine coating, hydroxyapatite coating, polyamide 66, osseointegration, osteogenic differentiation, biomimetic mineralization, surface modification, calcium and phosphorus release, C3H10T1/2 cells, bone regeneration
- MeSH terms
- Alkaline Phosphatase, Animals, Cell Adhesion, Cell Differentiation, Cell Line, Cell Movement, Indoles, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Osteogenesis, Polymers, Rabbits, Staining and Labeling, Surface Properties, Water, X-Ray Diffraction, Durapatite, Prostheses and Implants, Coated Materials, Biocompatible, Cell Proliferation, Mice, X-Ray Microtomography, Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
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