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Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge
Open accessAbstract
Electric vehicles are perceived as a key alternate to internal combustion engine vehicles for a transition to a decarbonized society. However, this transition towards the electrification of transport has not made equal progress globally, and faced several impediments to consumer adoption of EVs across the Nordic region and beyond. While there has been a multitude of reasons provided in the literature, we aim to characterize the barriers that remain to electrification today, as well as their perceived interconnections and futures. To provide insight into this query, the authors conducted 227 semi-structured interviews with transportation and electricity experts from 201 institutions across seventeen cities in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. The qualitative results and consequent cluster analysis show that common barriers like range, price and charging infrastructure continue to persist, despite technological advancements over the recent years. At the same time, results also show that barriers are highly interconnected and are commonly connected to consumer knowledge and experience. The article concludes with a discussion of policy implications of the findings and potential future research.
Overview
AI snapshot
Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This paper uses 227 expert interviews across five Nordic countries to map electric vehicle barriers and argues that range, price, public charging, and consumer knowledge form an interconnected socio-technical nexus. It finds that technical/economic barriers persist but are often rooted in consumer knowledge and experience, so policy should address the nexus rather than single barriers.
Key findings
- The interviews identified 53 barrier categories; the four most discussed were range (59.9% of experts), price (57.3%), public charging infrastructure (48.5%), and consumer knowledge/mental barriers (41.9%). Each expert suggested on average over 4 barriers.
- Range was the single most discussed barrier, but 18% of experts said it was either not or soon would not be a barrier (12% soon, 6% already); many linked range anxiety to consumer knowledge rather than technical insufficiency, noting EVs can meet well over 90% of trips. Price was often seen as a capital-cost problem despite better total cost of ownership, with 12.3% saying it was not or soon would not be a barrier. Public charging was framed as a “chicken and egg” problem; 12% called it not a barrier, and over 80% of those said it was already not a barrier.
- Barriers varied by country and expertise: Norway had much lower price concern (22%) than other Nordics (56–78%); Denmark had high concern about lack of consumer incentives (61%) and EV taxes (59%); Sweden had high concern about consumer knowledge (67%) and apartment charging (43%). Transport/city planning experts discussed consumer knowledge most (51%), while energy/electricity experts discussed it least (28%).
- Apartment charging was discussed by 21.6% of experts and was seen as a persistent barrier, less connected to the mental-barrier nexus and harder to resolve through information alone.
Methods
- The authors conducted 227 semi-structured interviews with participants from 201 institutions across seventeen cities in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden from September 2016 to May 2017; the methods section says 15 cities, while the abstract and appendix say 17. Experts came from government, regulators, universities, utilities, automakers/dealerships, private companies, and industry/civil society groups.
- Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded in NVIVO using grounded theory, with themes derived from the data rather than predetermined. A cluster analysis using Jaccard’s coefficient of similarity was used to visualize coded theme connections and the proposed barrier nexus.
- The study used qualitative analysis and did not commence with preformed hypotheses.
Limitations
- Paper-stated: the nonrandom sample was limited by English-speaking participants, locations visited, and potential selection bias; respondents may have given socially desirable answers, deliberately tried to sway results, or suffered poor recall; qualitative responses were difficult to code. The authors attempted to mitigate these by validating with a literature review and triangulating responses.
- Evident from the text: the study captures expert perceptions, not consumer behavior directly; the sample skews male (80.5%) and is unevenly distributed by country (Norway 26.1%, Iceland 14.0%), which may shape the reported barrier frequencies.
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Claims the paper makes
106 Own result · 32 No basis given · 30 Own interpretation · 11 No full text of the sources · 10 Not checked yet · 10 Own method · 8 Partly supported · 6 Sources not found · 5 Supported · accuracy not yet measured
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“the literature has more recently tended to focus on consumers, often with limited experience with EVs, to explain barriers in EV adoption”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Rezvani et al., 2015 source
The Introduction describes a developing literature focused on consumer adoption and non-adoption, and the review examines barriers to adoption. The Discussion and research agenda says many studies surveyed participants with no direct EV experience, supporting the qualification about consumers’ limited experience. Page numbers are not provided in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.91)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“range is technically sufficient for well over 90% of trips taken by Nordic drivers (Liu et al., 2015;Pearre et al., 2011)”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites Liu et al., 2015 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Section 3.1 says the four countries’ average daily driving distances can be supported by current EV technologies, and Tables 2–3 show that more than 90% of vehicle-days fall below some distance thresholds. But those tables measure daily distance per vehicle, not the percentage of individual trips within an EV’s range; the paper does not establish the quoted percentage for trips. (LLM, conf=0.84)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Pearre et al., 2011 source
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Partly supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Similarly, public charging, which is very rarely used in day-to-day use of EVs (Smart and Salisbury, 2015), correlates to consumers perceptions of range.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Smart and Salisbury, 2015 source
The citation is attached to the statement that public charging is rarely used in day-to-day EV use, not to the subsequent claim about perceptions of range. In “What Have We Learned?”, the paper says most drivers did not charge away from home frequently; its workplace-charging section reports that a studied subgroup made only 2% of charging events outside home or work on workdays. (LLM, conf=0.91)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“A key aspect, is the irrationality of private individuals over discount rates (Allcott and Wozny, 2014;Hausman, 1979)”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites Allcott and Wozny, 2014 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Introduction (page unavailable) reports that auto consumers appear to value discounted future gasoline costs less than purchase price under specified assumptions, and §5.4.3 gives an implied discount rate above the paper’s baseline rate. But §B.1 says that an implied rate may reflect beliefs, time horizons, or inattention rather than consumers’ actual discount rates. The paper therefore does not establish that private individuals are irrational over discount rates. (LLM, conf=0.85)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Hausman, 1979 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Partly supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“realizing that a comprehensive public charging network is not as necessary as it is commonly believed (Smart and Salisbury, 2015).”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Smart and Salisbury, 2015 source
In “Building the Laboratory,” the paper contrasts the expectation of a ubiquitous public charging network with its finding that most charging occurred at home and work. “What Have We Learned?” recommends concentrating public chargers at locations with high demand, rather than building an everywhere network. It does not suggest that public charging is unnecessary altogether. (LLM, conf=0.91)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“public charging, which is very rarely used in day-to-day use of EVs (Smart and Salisbury, 2015)”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Smart and Salisbury, 2015 source
The Building the Laboratory section says most charging in the project occurred at home or work, with about half of participants charging at home almost exclusively. The workplace-charging section reports that, among drivers with access to both home and work charging, only 2% of charging events on workdays occurred elsewhere. The paper also notes that public charging remained useful at some sites and on weekends. (LLM, conf=0.90)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“This is not an issue specific to Iceland or the Nordics, indeed, it is typical for consumers to highly discount future savings (Allcott and Wozny, 2014;Hausman, 1979).”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.4. Consumer knowledge and experience
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites Allcott and Wozny, 2014 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Introduction reports that, under the paper’s assumptions, automobile buyers’ behavior implies a discount rate just under 15 percent for future gasoline costs. But the Empirical Strategy section cautions that an implied discount rate need not be consumers’ actual discount rate, and the Conclusion notes that estimates vary with assumptions and vehicle age. The paper therefore supports apparent undervaluation of future fuel savings in its setting, not the unqualified claim that consumers typically discount future savings highly. (LLM, conf=0.85)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Hausman, 1979 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Partly supported
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The qualitative results and consequent cluster analysis show that common barriers like range, price and charging infrastructure continue to persist, despite technological advancements over the recent years.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“but a challenge for the seldom yet very long trips, like when the car is used for a road trip vacation”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Range was by far the single most discussed barrier of EVs, brought up by practically 60% of respondents.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 52
- Probably not a substantial claim. 94
- The quote only partly states this claim. 1
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“The research is placed in a Nordic context as these nations have traditionally been positioned at the top various indicators in favor of EV diffusion (for example, that they can afford EVs, often considered an expensive technology), as well as being recognized for pushing aggressive decarbonization agendas within the energy and transport sectors”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites Sovacool, 2017 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Introduction describes the Nordic countries as wealthy and their energy and climate policies as highly ambitious; §3.3, Transport, describes substantial transport-electrification goals (page numbers not supplied). But the paper does not rank the countries on indicators favoring EV diffusion or establish that consumers can afford EVs. Section 4.2 instead notes relatively slow EV diffusion across the region. (LLM, conf=0.86)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Partly supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“As such, much of the current literature looks to explain the barriers that individual consumers encounter when purchasing EVs, either using qualitative methods (Egbue and Long, 2012;Schuitema et al., 2013;Franke and Krems, 2013), or also commonly, choice experiments to analyze willingness-to-pay for electric vehicles (Jensen et al., 2013;Noel et al., 2019;Hidrue et al., 2011).”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Egbue and Long, 2012 source
- Partly supportedcites Schuitema et al., 2013 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Introduction (p. 4) says the paper examines how private consumers’ perceptions of EV attributes influence adoption, which supports the consumer-barriers aspect of the claim. But Schuitema et al. is cited specifically as an example of qualitative methods, whereas the Method (pp. 12–13) describes a two-wave online survey of 2,728 participants. (LLM, conf=0.88)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Franke and Krems, 2013 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“First, for many experts, range was not actually a technical barrier, but rather was a knowledge and experience barrier, given that EVs could suffice the vast majority of the average trips an average resident in the Nordic countries would take (Liu et al., 2015).”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.4. Consumer knowledge and experience
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites Liu et al., 2015 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Section 3.1 (page not provided) reports that average daily driving is under 50 km in all four Nordic countries and can be supported by current EV technology. It also finds that most vehicles travel short daily distances. The paper does not attribute range concerns to a lack of knowledge or experience, or report experts' views on that barrier. (LLM, conf=0.87)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Partly supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“The complexity of the nexus of sociotechnical barriers discussed above arguably requires a more comprehensive approach of combining policy processes, elements and characteristics to develop a consistent and coherent EV policy mix (Grubb et al., 2017;Rogge and Reichardt, 2016).”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites Grubb et al., 2017 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
In “2. Context and links to existing literature” (page unavailable), Grubb et al. describe policy elements, processes and characteristics, including consistency and coherence. “A map for the evolution of policy packages” explains why complex barriers call for policy mixes that address multiple obstacles. The paper supports the general approach, but does not specifically establish what an EV policy mix requires. (LLM, conf=0.84)
- Supportedcites Rogge and Reichardt, 2016 source
The paper describes its policy-mix framework as combining elements, policy processes and characteristics (Source passage). Its Conclusion (§5) advises improving the consistency of policy-mix elements and the coherence of policy processes, and adopting a system perspective. The citing authors apply that general approach to EV policy; they do not attribute an EV-specific finding to this source. (LLM, conf=0.88)
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Partly supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“First, for many experts, range was not actually a technical barrier, but rather was a knowledge and experience barrier, given that EVs could suffice the vast majority of the average trips an average resident in the Nordic countries would take (Liu et al., 2015).”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.4. Consumer knowledge and experience
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Liu et al., 2015 source
Section 3.1 (page unavailable) says average daily driving is under 50 km in all four Nordic countries and can be supported by current EV technology. The paper also concludes that EVs can meet the region’s daily driving distances. The citing sentence’s characterization of range as a knowledge-and-experience barrier is its own framing, not a finding attributed to Liu et al. (LLM, conf=0.91)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“And for price, it is clear that consumers focus on capital cost of vehicles rather than on the total cost of ownership calculations, which favors ICEVs despite not being the least-costly option in the medium to long term.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites Allcott and Wozny, 2014 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Introduction and Conclusion (page numbers unavailable) report that, under the paper’s base assumptions, consumers value $1 in discounted future gasoline costs at only 76 cents in vehicle purchase price. That supports the claim that purchase price receives greater weight than future fuel costs, though the paper notes uncertainty in the estimate. It does not compare ICEVs with electric vehicles or establish which is least costly over the medium to long term. (LLM, conf=0.88)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Hausman, 1979 source
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Partly supported
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Some estimates of range were tamer, with experts expecting a range of 300 kilometers to be enough”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“On the other hand, in terms of non-private transportation, range was characterized not as a seldom problem, but rather a preeminent one, as R62 notes for heavy transportation”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
plainSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Nonetheless, R186 cautioned that continuing the fight to extend range was not only neverending, but also inefficient (as you would be carrying around extra battery weight), instead the focus should be on adjusting expectations”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
plaindirectSingle case- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This issue is exacerbated by the fact that experts saw the long distance of the Nordics, in terms of geographical dimensions and sparsely populated areas, to be one the greatest challenges for transportation in general.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, the estimate of the necessary increases to the range of EVs were diverse, and appeared to be connected only to comparisons to ICEVs.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Similarly, R70 believed that both the range and price barriers will be resolved by 2020 as more OEMs transition to electric vehicles”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
plaindirectSingle case- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This nexus of four barriers is important because it represents both the most discussed barriers (as shown by the size of the circle), and also the most interconnected barriers (as shown by the connecting lines)”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3. Results & discussion
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The vast majority of these experts, however, viewed range not being a barrier soon, with 12% of experts saying it would no longer be a barrier in the near future, compared to 6% of experts saying it is already not a barrier.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, for private transport, the fight seemed to be on focusing extending the range of EVs to mirror ICEVS.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Further complicating matters, range was also the barrier that was described by the most experts as not a barrier, as 18% of experts explicitly saying it was either not or soon will not be a barrier.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Though there is relative consistency throughout these barriers, there are three notable exceptions.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3. Results & discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Regarding apartment charging, Swedish experts believed this to be the next big and so far unresolved challenge, with a large proportion of Swedes living in apartment buildings (see Section 3.5).”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3. Results & discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“More interestingly, those with a transport background (transport system experts/EV industry) discussed consumer knowledge barriers the most, while those with an energy, environment and funding background discussed consumer knowledge the least.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3. Results & discussion
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For example, experts within the environmental/climate change field and the energy/electricity system field both discussed price more commonly than range.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3. Results & discussion
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, the majority of experts believed that the requisite range was substantially higher, somewhere between 400 and 600 kilometers.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“R63 offered another, easy but potentially unpopular solution to this challenge, that is, to rent an ICEV for these seldom trips”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
plainSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At the same time, results also show that barriers are highly interconnected and are commonly connected to consumer knowledge and experience.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > Abstract
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As a result, some viewed PHEVs as the solution to range anxiety, even if only to cover those few additional trips EVs would not be able to make.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“While many experts recognized that range of EVs only rarely posed a challenge, particularly given the short distances of daily commuting, many still maintained that this was the central challenge.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Moreover, many experts expected this barrier to continue until EV ranges could compete to various levels of internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs).”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Similarly, Vehicle Researchers did not discuss lack of consumer incentives at all, whereas this was a pressing concern for Transport experts/City planners as well as those within the EV/EVSE industry.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3. Results & discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For example, R28 believed the range issue would be resolved within two years”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
plainSingle case- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Fourthly, this paper offers a first to attempt to characterize a comprehensive perspective of EV barriers, and discusses a total of 53 barriers”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 1. Introduction
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“Most of the experts saying public charging is not a barrier were generally split into two categories; either the current amount of public infrastructure was sufficient, or that public charging was not necessary and was instead a type of mental barrier due to lack of knowledge or experience (Smart and Salisbury, 2015).”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.3. Public charging infrastructure
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Smart and Salisbury, 2015
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Exacerbating this issue, some experts believed that because consumers were generally distrustful of EVs, consumer would not even believe the idea that the TCO of EVs is lower (much less discount properly), as R32 describes”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.4. Consumer knowledge and experience
hedgedconditionalSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Many experts believed that resolving apartment charging would be very difficult as it relies on other stakeholders, as R35 notes”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.5. Other prominent barriers
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“On the other hand, while experts noted various issues with consumer awareness and the economics of EVs, other experts believed that price was not very influential on consumer behavior.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.4. Consumer knowledge and experience
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Nearly all of the discussion of consumer knowledge and experience focused on the three technical aforementioned aspects of the nexus.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.4. Consumer knowledge and experience
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As shown in Fig. 3, 12% of experts characterize public charging as not a barrier, and over 80% of those classified public charging as already not a barrier, meaning that it did not need time to for the barrier to be assuaged.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.3. Public charging infrastructure
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Many experts acknowledged that even if EVs do have a better TCO than ICEVs, this simply would not resonate with the manner in which consumers acted.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.2. Vehicle price
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“It is worth to note that, curiously, 9 experts believed that there were no explicit barriers to EVs, and an additional 10 believed that the only barrier was time.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.5. Other prominent barriers
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The remaining 5 experts were from Iceland, Sweden and Norway.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.5. Other prominent barriers
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The third aspect of the nexus and third most commonly discussed barrier was the need for public charging infrastructure.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.3. Public charging infrastructure
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The frequency with which experts discuss a barrier indicates that barrier's prominence or importance in the Nordic EV transition.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“many experts viewed developing a comprehensive charging network as very expensive”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Similarly, less than 15% of experts discussed apartment charging in the context of EV's range, making it far less connected to the nexus than most other barriers.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.5. Other prominent barriers
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The idea that price and range was a tradeoff between each other was common.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.2. Vehicle price
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The quote only partly states this claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“in Sweden, it's fifty percent of people live in apartment buildings”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.5. Other prominent barriers
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“To round out the top four most common barriers and complete the proposed nexus, the next most discussed barrier focused on the consumer: either their lack of knowledge or experience, or other mental barriers.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.4. Consumer knowledge and experience
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The frequency with which experts discuss a barrier indicates that barrier's prominence or importance in the Nordic EV transition.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although TCO was widely recognized as a potential benefit, many experts connected the economic aspects of EVs to a type of mental barrier.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.2. Vehicle price
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The idea that EVs could meet over 90% of daily driving demands was often brought up by experts when discussing the connection between range and mental barrier aspects of the nexus.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.4. Consumer knowledge and experience
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, some of the experts believed that there was no barrier, due to the technical sufficiency of EVs to make the wide margin of trips.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“And even though many other countries viewed Norway as having resolved the price barrier through their plethora of incentives, 11 experts in Norway still maintained price was the primary barrier that the transition to EVs is facing.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.2. Vehicle price
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As a result, many experts believed that the focus should be on developing home and work charging instead of high power public charging.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.4. Consumer knowledge and experience
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As a result, R98 believed a reduction of consumer's mental barriers will likely lag behind technical improvements to the range-price-charging nexus”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.4. Consumer knowledge and experience
hedgedcorrelationalSingle case- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“while numerous experts agree that the technical aspects of the nexus (rangeprice-charging) will be resolved within a short time frame”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
plain- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Compounding the problem, consumer's aversion to TCO is that, as R53 says, consumers will treat EVs and their higher price with increased skepticism because of the emotional connection to ICEVs”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.2. Vehicle price
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“To many experts, consumer knowledge was the primary barrier to EVs, as R104 who put it succinctly:”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.4. Consumer knowledge and experience
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In this case, most of the experts attributed consumer ignorance to the perception that public charging infrastructure was an impediment, often connecting the technical sufficiency of EV range and availability of home charging, as R29 describes”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.4. Consumer knowledge and experience
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Then, they find out that 80% of the charging is at home.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.3. Public charging infrastructure
plainSingle case- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Finally, it is worth mentioning that price also affects the electrification of public transport.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > "The biggest challenge is still price and battery. It's the trade-off of having the price going down while you want the battery capacity to go up. Finding the compromise between those two."
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As an example, R204 saw fast public charging as a way to get around the barrier of apartment charging barriers”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.3. Public charging infrastructure
plaindirectSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“R213 describes that the challenge isn't the total amount of energy EV charging requires, which was generally seen as minimal, but rather providing the power through weak distribution networks”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.5. Other prominent barriers
plainSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At the same time, it was widely acknowledged by experts that although EVs have a higher capital cost, they also would represent economic savings when viewed from a total cost of ownership (TCO) calculation.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.2. Vehicle price
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Similarly, winter weather was frequently discussed in the context of its impact on range, with half of the experts explicitly connecting winter weather to range.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.5. Other prominent barriers
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“But experts believed consumers would not approach the economics of car ownership in this manner, instead, the price tag would dominate decision-making.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.2. Vehicle price
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“While a simple solution would be to merely build more chargers, many of the experts lamented that the demand for charging was not sufficient enough to encourage this development, resulting in a type of a”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.3. Public charging infrastructure
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“One reason that Denmark was particularly sufficient in its public charging was that it had the remnants of Better Place, a company that sought to resolve charging networks, as R86 observes”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.3. Public charging infrastructure
plaindirectSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Though this issue returned in all the Nordics, it was most commonly discussed in Norway.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.5. Other prominent barriers
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The remaining 6 experts were split into Iceland, Sweden and Norway.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.5. Other prominent barriers
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Worse yet, apartment charging is not a niche problem, as R69 noted that a large subset of the Swedish population is living in apartments”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.5. Other prominent barriers
plainSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“As R100 notes, the vast majority of the Danish population would never go beyond further then the range of current EVs”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
plainSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Finally, the chicken and egg challenge is further complicated by the fact that much of EV charging will occur at home, not at the public chargers, as R39 describes”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.3. Public charging infrastructure
plaindirectSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The remaining 6 experts were split into Iceland, Sweden and Norway.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.5. Other prominent barriers
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: The frequency with which experts discuss a barrier indicates that barrier's prominence or importance in the Nordic EV transition.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Nearly all the discussion was focused on distribution networks.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.5. Other prominent barriers
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, apartment charging too faces social resistance by way of skeptical housing authorities.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The government inaction in Finland was attributed to the powerful biofuel industry, implications that the government did not want to favor EVs over biofuels, and as well as general EV inexperience, particularly on a city level.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.5. Other prominent barriers
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Correspondingly, practically all the discussion in Denmark focused on the complexities of the registration tax scheme, and the political risk that increasing ICEV costs would entail to subsidize EVs.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.5. Other prominent barriers
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“R136 discussed that apartment charging also raises questions of equity and could even lead to fights”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.5. Other prominent barriers
hedgeddirectSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As a result, many experts believe that experience with modern EVs is vital to educating people of the benefits that EVs can offer.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.4. Consumer knowledge and experience
plaindirect- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Outside of Denmark, the discussion tended to focus on the mental aspects of public charging networks, or that consumers mistakenly believe that they needed public charging to a much greater degree than they did in actuality.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.3. Public charging infrastructure
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As a result, R93 pointed out that this mismatch between technical sufficiency of range and subsequent range anxiety was a result of consumer ignorance”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.4. Consumer knowledge and experience
plaindirectSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We have attempted to minimize these shortcomings by validating their findings with a secondary method, that of a literature review, and by triangulating responses within the sample (i.e., not presenting only minority opinions).”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.2. Research design: qualitaive expert interviews
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Both of these were unprompted, as experts were only explicitly asked what is a barrier to EV deployment.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3. Results & discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“or Norway and Denmark offering the highest electric vehicle purchase subsidies”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Hertzke et al., 2017
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Admittedly, the nonrandom sample relied upon for primary data is limited in several ways.For example, interviews were constricted to researchers that spoke English, moderated by locations visited, and may suffer from potential selection bias.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.2. Research design: qualitaive expert interviews
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“e.g. that a system never stands on its own but is nested in other equally complex sociotechnical systems.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.1. Concepetual approach: socio-technical systems
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
In the paper
“For example, by 2016, Norway and Sweden being the first and third nations in terms of national EV market share, with 29% and 3.4% respectively”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites IEA, 2017
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“System builders, it follows, must overcome a complex milieu of sociotechnical obstacles to reap benefits.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.1. Concepetual approach: socio-technical systems
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“there is also identification that consumer's behavior, knowledge and perceptions play a role in EV adoption.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 1. Introduction
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Electric vehicles (EVs) are seen as an important tool in the sociotechnical transition towards the decarbonization of transportation, along with capturing other co-benefits associated with local health emissions, reduced oil dependency and noise pollution”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“which has seen EV market surpassing the 2 million global penetration milestone in 2016”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites IEA, 2017
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Possibly it stems from the Swedish car market, which is heavily influenced by the presence of Volvo; both in relation to a consumer focus on buying Volvo and in relation to the resulting low level of taxes on cars in Sweden, which makes consumer knowledge about EVs and a willingness to buy more important (as indicated by the attention to price).”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3. Results & discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In other words, the concept of a sociotechnical system helps reveal that technologies, such as electricity grids and EVs, must be understood in their societal context, and that the different values expressed by inventors, producers, managers, regulators, and consumers shape technological change all in their own way.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.1. Concepetual approach: socio-technical systems
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“which makes sense given their generous EV subsidies.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3. Results & discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“as is also noted in the literature suggesting they are adept for about 85%-98% of drivers, depending on various criteria”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.1. Vehicle range
What the sources say
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The term sociotechnical system finds its origin rooted in multiple disciplines and approaches.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.1. Concepetual approach: socio-technical systems
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the authors conducted 227 semi-structured interviews with transportation and electricity experts from 201 institutions across seventeen cities in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The data was coded with grounded theory in mind, meaning that the coded themes for each discussed topic were not predetermined, but based on the data available.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.2. Research design: qualitaive expert interviews
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“One of the best known is Thomas Hughes's work on the history of the electric utility system, wherein he argues that the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity occurs within a technological system that extends beyond the engineering realm”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.1. Concepetual approach: socio-technical systems
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Thomas Parke Hughes, 1993
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Participants were not prompted for responses and were allowed to provide answers as long or as detailed as they wished.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.2. Research design: qualitaive expert interviews
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“These semi-structured form of interviewing is suitable when the objective of the research is to understand complex elements and their intersection with perceptions, beliefs, and values”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.2. Research design: qualitaive expert interviews
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Yin, 2003
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In addition to the descriptive analyses, we also utilized a cluster analysis for Fig. 2, shown below, based on the coded similarity between each of the coded themes across our interviews.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.2. Research design: qualitaive expert interviews
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“accounting for only 0.2% of the total passenger vehicle fleet by the end of 2016”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites IEA, 2017
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Non-technical elements, however, such as social and business practices or political interests, have also been identified as barriers to electrification, these being more complex to overcome”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Sovacool and Hirsh, 2009 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Indeed, common across the literature has been a focus on range, price and charging infrastructure as the technoeconomic elements impeding wide-scale EV adoption.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 1. Introduction
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Finally, the research was grounded in the sense that we commenced our project without any preformed hypotheses”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.2. Research design: qualitaive expert interviews
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“the continued improvements on energy density of vehicle battery packs still necessitates substantial scientific and technological development and faces limited ceilings of development”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Thackeray et al., 2012 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“though the nuances of the interconnections between barriers, consumers and society can still be further developed.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 1. Introduction
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
In the paper
“This methodology allows the authors to have guidance and flexibility, by asking a set of fixed questions to then, create a conversational channel of information-gathering, allowing space for spontaneous responses that add depth and in some instances unforeseen narratives to the research”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.2. Research design: qualitaive expert interviews
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Harrell and Bradley, 2009 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In other words, it is a heterogeneous combination of sociotechnical factors that determine whether EVs technologies will achieve widespread acceptance, or face consumer rejection.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.1. Concepetual approach: socio-technical systems
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“a recent sociotechnical review of EV barriers and motivators acknowledged a myriad of technical barriers that connect to different levels of society, such as decision-makers and individual”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 1. Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Biresselioglu et al., 2018 source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“which might be explained in line with leftover charging infrastructure from previous EV companies (Noel and Sovacool, 2016), and relative smaller country.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3. Results & discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Noel and Sovacool, 2016 source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Denmark presents a special case, primarily because at the time of the interviews the Danish government had started to phase out earlier tax benefits (at the time of writing these were halted again), which explains the Danish expert's markedly higher response rate on EV taxes and lack of incentives.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3. Results & discussion
plaindirectSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A salient insight from the sociotechnical approach is its focuses on the interrelationship of linkages between elements and co-evolutionary processes”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.1. Concepetual approach: socio-technical systems
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Likewise, the data from the interviews is presented here as anonymous to encourage candor and prevent retaliation.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.2. Research design: qualitaive expert interviews
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Likewise, we did not define any terms and allowed broad discussion of each topic”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.2. Research design: qualitaive expert interviews
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“While the techno-economic aspects of the price-range-charging nexus are expected to decrease mostly in the near future”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We have demonstrated that EV barriers are not solely based on either technical or non-technical elements, nor do they operate in isolation.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Consumer perception and understanding of personal vehicles are at the core for reducing the impact of the nexus of technical barriers moving forward, and thus foster increasing deployment of electric vehicles internationally.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“While experience is key to educating consumers about the benefits of EVs and both information and education may be necessary to properly characterize the technical aspects of the nexus, it was noted that mental barriers may be the most difficult to resolve.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.4. Consumer knowledge and experience
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Additionally, it is also important to note that the proposed nexus does not only cover users of private vehicles, but also fleet owners and public transportation operators.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“It is undeniable that there are true technoeconomic aspects behind the nexus of range-price-charging”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
boostedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: EV range is less than ICEV range.
- Rests on an assumption: EV price tends to be higher than ICEV when looking only at the sticker price.
- Rests on an assumption: There are far more gas stations than public charging infrastructure.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Thus, price is connected both to the range and consumer knowledge barriers.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > "The biggest challenge is still price and battery. It's the trade-off of having the price going down while you want the battery capacity to go up. Finding the compromise between those two."
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Thus, the public charging barrier may be borne out of consumer inexperience with EVs and undervaluing charging that may occur at home or work.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > "I don't understand that really. I have had my EV for one year and I think I've fast charged my car two times. And I am driving 15,000 kilometers on a yearly basis."
hedgedconditionalSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Framing EV policy within the framework of policy mixing may better address the interconnected nature of the barriers, as well as make transportation policy more coherent with sustainability policy in general.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Indeed, giving information and experience to consumers may be a cheaper alternative while also being more effective than resolving to a techno-economic policy approach.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, more importantly, and as hinted in the discussion above of the nexus between range-price-public charging, experts commonly connected the nexus to consumer knowledge and experience, claiming these technical barriers were actually rooted in mental barriers.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 3.4. Consumer knowledge and experience
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Rests on an assumption: The connections experts draw between barriers reflect real-world interconnected barriers that EVs face, not merely patterns in expert discourse.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“though much of the focus both in the literature and by the experts interviewed emphasizes range, price, charging infrastructure, and psychological factors.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 4. Conclusion & policy implications
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper relies on this without support.
The experts' perceptions and statements about EV barriers accurately reflect the actual barriers to EV adoption in the Nordic region.
“The qualitative results and consequent cluster analysis show that common barriers like range, price and charging infrastructure continue to persist”
The paper relies on this without support.
The sample of 227 experts from 201 institutions is sufficiently representative of the relevant stakeholder perspectives to generalize findings to the Nordic region.
“The authors conducted 227 semi-structured interviews with participants from 201 institutions across 15 cities in the five countries of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden from September 2016 to May 2017.Those interviewed were selected to represent the diverse array of stakeholders involved with transport technology, policy and practice”
The paper relies on this without support.
The coded themes and cluster analysis validly capture the interconnections between barriers.
“In addition to the descriptive analyses, we also utilized a cluster analysis for Fig. 2, shown below, based on the coded similarity between each of the coded themes across our interviews.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The barriers discussed by experts are the same barriers that affect consumer adoption of EVs.
“we aim to characterize the barriers that remain to electrification today”
The paper relies on this without support.
The connections experts draw between barriers reflect real-world interconnected barriers that EVs face, not merely patterns in expert discourse.
“suggesting a nexus of interconnected barriers electric vehicles face as shown in Fig. 2 above.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The frequency with which experts discuss a barrier indicates that barrier's prominence or importance in the Nordic EV transition.
“The second most common barrier discussed by experts was price, representing 57% of experts.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Denmark had recently removed the exemption to EVs, increasing the registration tax to 40%.
“who had recently removed the exemption to EVs, increasing the registration tax to 40%.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The Norwegian government has taken substantial steps to address the barriers to EVs.
“where the government has taken substantial steps to address the barriers to EVs.”
The paper relies on this without support.
EV range is less than ICEV range.
“the range is certainly less than an ICEV”
The paper relies on this without support.
EV price tends to be higher than ICEV when looking only at the sticker price.
“the price tends to be higher looking only at the sticker”
The paper relies on this without support.
There are far more gas stations than public charging infrastructure.
“there are far more gas stations than public charging infrastructure.”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > 2.2. Research design: qualitaive expert interviews
“The authors conducted 227 semi-structured interviews with participants from 201 institutions across 15 cities”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > Abstract
“the authors conducted 227 semi-structured interviews with transportation and electricity experts from 201 institutions across seventeen cities”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > Bibilography
“five interviews did not discuss any barriers to EVs.”
§ Understanding the socio-technical nexus of Nordic electric vehicle (EV) barriers: A qualitative discussion of range, price, charging and knowledge > Bibilography
“six interviews did not discuss any barriers to EVs.”
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State-of-the-Art Review of the Key Factors Affecting Electric Vehicle Adoption by Consumers
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“Driving range and charging infrastructure availability are also highlighted as important for consumers in the Nordic region, according to Noel et al. [84].”
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Barriers to adoption of electric vehicles in Texas
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“This result corroborates the findings of Noel et al. (2020)”
InfluentialInstitutional enablers of electric vehicle market: Evidence from 30 countries
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“Regarding qualitative approach, several researchers conducted in-depth interviews to explore the underlying purchase motives (as in Noel et al., 2020; Van Heuveln et al., 2021).”
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“As the literature review indicates, it may have its main source in the lack of understanding and familiarity with AFV [14,20,53].”
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Mental models guide electric vehicle charging
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Barrier assessment of EV business model innovation in China: An MCDM-based FMEA
Xue, Y., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., & Yu, X. (2024) · Transportation Research Part D Transport and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.trd.2024.104404 · Cited by 26
Analysis of Electric Vehicles with an Economic Perspective for the Future Electric Market
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Electric Vehicle Adoption Barriers in Thailand
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Decarbonizing road transportation: Barriers and drivers in an emerging economy context
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Electric Vehicles Selection Based on Brčko District Taxi Service Demands, a Multi-Criteria Approach
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Where there is a will there is a way: A strategy analysis for electric vehicles sales in India
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“Cog-nitively, users may experience mental barriers related to EV charging, such as lack of awareness of public charging locations (Noel et al., 2020).”
InfluentialEnergy Anxiety in Decentralized Electricity Markets: A Critical Review on EV Models
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“[117], 2020 A sociotechnical nexus connecting range, public charging, price, and mental barriers during EVGI were identified.”
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“Junquera et al. [38], Sriram et al. [42], Noel et al. [44], and Higueras-Castillo et al. [45] have proved that price is a highly significant factor for EV Purchase Intention.”
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Routing of Electric Vehicles With Intermediary Charging Stations: A Reinforcement Learning Approach
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“Researchers in (Noel et al., 2020) identify technical, economic, social and political barriers of EVs ’ broad adoption with limited cruising range and sparse charging infrastructure prevailing at present.”
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From Intention to Actual Behavior to Adopt Battery Electric Vehicles: A Systematic Literature Review
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Assess changes in electric vehicle usage behaviour: Comparison between 2018 and 2021
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Self-citationImpact of Variables in the UTAUT 2 Model on the Intention to Use a Fully Electric Car
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“Understanding the various elements that act as barriers to both security and development in these areas is essential (Noel et al., 2020; Zambrano-Barragán et al., 2021).”
Benchmarking and tailoring electric vehicle policies to stimulate adoption
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Self-citationAn Australian Perspective on Local Government Investment in Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
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Electric Vehicles: An Assessment of Consumer Perceptions Using Importance-Performance Analysis
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Towards a combined framework for public electric vehicle charger accessibility in London
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A systematic literature review of optimal placement of fast charging station
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The Challenges faced by EV Industry in India: An Analysis of Consumer Perception
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A study of the willingness of Spanish drivers to pay a premium for ZEVs
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The association between automobility engagement and electric vehicle preferences among car buyers
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Barriers to electric vehicle home charging and impacts on adoption
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Metadata
- Authors
- Noel, L., Zarazua de Rubens, G., Kester, J., & Sovacool, B. K.
- Affiliations
- University of Sussex (GB)
- Aarhus University (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Noel, Lance
- Venue
- Energy Policy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-03
- Volume
- 138
- Pages
- 111292
- ISSN
- 0301-4215 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3003271674
- Semantic Scholar
- 435167dacec4612184486316badf54195a27519b
- Cited by
- 189
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 6
- FWCI
- 7.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Energy Policy (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Sussex Research Online (University of Sussex) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond (4182-00033B)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social Acceptance of Renewable Energy
- Keywords
- electric vehicles, barriers to adoption, electric mobility, driving range, vehicle price, charging infrastructure, consumer knowledge, Nordic countries, decarbonization, transport policy
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