Primitive Os and 2316 Ma age for marine shale: Implications for Paleoproterozoic glacial events and the rise of atmospheric oxygen

User's Manual for Isoplot 3.00 - A Geochronological Toolkit for Microsoft Excel

Ludwig, K. R. (2003) · Cited by 7,734 · see citing works

Atmospheric Influence of Earth's Earliest Sulfur Cycle

Farquhar, J., Bao, H., & Thiemens, M. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.289.5480.756 · Cited by 1,805 · see citing works

Dating the rise of atmospheric oxygen

Bekker, A., Holland, H. D., Wang, P.-L., Rumble, D., Stein, H. J., Hannah, J. L., Coetzee, L. L., & Beukes, N. J. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02260 · Cited by 1,435 · see citing works

Re-Os Ages of Group IIA, IIIA, IVA, and IVB Iron Meteorites

Smoliar, M. I., Walker, R. J., & Morgan, J. W. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.271.5252.1099 · Cited by 1,358 · see citing works

THE R e -O s ISOTOPE SYSTEM IN COSMOCHEMISTRY AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE GEOCHEMISTRY

Shirey, S. B., & Walker, R. J. (1998) · Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences · doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.26.1.423 · Cited by 975 · see citing works

Carius Tube Digestion for Low-Blank Rhenium-Osmium Analysis

Shirey, S. B., & Walker, R. J. (1995) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ac00109a036 · Cited by 924 · see citing works

Re‐Os Isotopic Measurements at the Femtomole Level in Natural Samples

Birck, J. L., Barman, M. R., & Capmas, F. (1997) · Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research · doi:10.1111/j.1751-908x.1997.tb00528.x · Cited by 759 · see citing works

Earth's Pre-Pleistocene Glacial Record

Hughes, T. (1982) · Sedimentary Geology · doi:10.1016/0037-0738(82)90028-8 · Cited by 467 · see citing works

Paleoproterozoic snowball Earth: Extreme climatic and geochemical global change and its biological consequences

Kirschvink, J. L., Gaidos, E. J., Bertani, L. E., Beukes, N. J., Gutzmer, J., Maepa, L. N., & Steinberger, R. E. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.97.4.1400 · Cited by 449 · see citing works

The marine osmium isotope record

Peucker‐Ehrenbrink, B., & Ravizza, G. (2000) · Terra Nova · doi:10.1046/j.1365-3121.2000.00295.x · Cited by 413 · see citing works

Earth's pre-Pleistocene glacial record

Hambrey, M. J., & Harland, W. B. (2011) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · Cited by 411 · see citing works

Low-latitude glaciation in the Palaeoproterozoic era

Evans, D. A. D., Beukes, N. J., & Kirschvink, J. L. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/386262a0 · Cited by 387 · see citing works

The osmium isotopic composition of the continental crust

Esser, B. K., & Turekian, K. K. (1993) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0016-7037(93)90296-9 · Cited by 372 · see citing works

Microbial mats in terrigenous clastics: the challenge of identification in the rock record

Schieber, J. (1999) · Palaios · doi:10.2307/3515357 · Cited by 252 · see citing works

Precise Re–Os ages of organic-rich mudrocks and the Os isotope composition of Jurassic seawater

Cohen, A. S., Coe, A. L., Bartlett, J. M., & Hawkesworth, C. J. (1999) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/s0012-821x(99)00026-6 · Cited by 250 · see citing works

Re-Os Dating of Polymetallic Ni-Mo-PGE-Au Mineralization in Lower Cambrian Black Shales of South China and Its Geologic Significance

Mao, J., Lehmann, B., Du, A., Zhang, G., Ma, D., Wang, Y.-T., Zeng, M., & Kerrich, R. (2003) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.97.5.1051 · Cited by 247 · see citing works

Stranded on a Late Cambrian shoreline: Medusae from central Wisconsin

(2002) · doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030 · Cited by 236 · see citing works

Sulphate and sulphate reduction in early Precambrian oceans

Cameron, E. M. (1982) · Nature · doi:10.1038/296145a0 · Cited by 222 · see citing works

Chemostratigraphy of the Paleoproterozoic Duitschland Formation, South Africa: implications for coupled climate change and carbon cycling

Bekker, A. (2001) · American Journal of Science · doi:10.2475/ajs.301.3.261 · Cited by 220 · see citing works

Direct Measurement of Femtomoles of Osmium and the 187 Os/ 186 Os Ratio in Seawater

Levasseur, S., Birck, J. L., & Allègre, C. J. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.282.5387.272 · Cited by 195 · see citing works

Constraints on the timing of Marinoan “Snowball Earth” glaciation by 187Re–187Os dating of a Neoproterozoic, post-glacial black shale in Western Canada

Kendall, B., Creaser, R., Ross, G., & Selby, D. (2004) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004.04.004 · Cited by 195 · see citing works

Geochemistry and sedimentology of a facies transition — from microbanded to granular iron-formation — in the early Proterozoic Transvaal Supergroup, South Africa

Beukes, N., & Klein, C. (1990) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/0301-9268(90)90033-m · Cited by 187 · see citing works

Paleoproterozoic Huronian basin: product of a Wilson cycle punctuated by glaciations and a meteorite impact

Young, G. M., Long, D. G. F., Fedo, C. M., & Nesbitt, H. W. (2001) · Sedimentary Geology · doi:10.1016/s0037-0738(01)00076-8 · Cited by 176 · see citing works

The concentration and isotopic composition of osmium in the oceans

Sharma, M. M., Papanastassiou, D. A., & Wasserburg, G. J. (1997) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/s0016-7037(97)00210-x · Cited by 173 · see citing works

The record of sea water 187Os/186Os variation through the Cenozoic

Pegram, W. J., Krishnaswami, S., Ravizza, G., et al. (1992) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/0012-821x(92)90132-f · Cited by 169 · see citing works

The geochemistry of rhenium and osmium in recent sediments from the Black Sea

Ravizza, G., Turekian, K. K., & Hay, B. J. (1991) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0016-7037(91)90072-d · Cited by 166 · see citing works

Further evaluation of the Re-Os geochronometer in organic-rich sedimentary rocks: a test of hydrocarbon maturation effects in the Exshaw Formation, Western Canada Sedimentary Basin

Creaser, R. A., Sannigrahi, P., Chacko, T., & Selby, D. S. (2002) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/s0016-7037(02)00939-0 · Cited by 166 · see citing works

SHRIMP U–Pb zircon ages for the Palaeoproterozoic Kuruman Iron Formation, Northern Cape Province, South Africa: evidence for simultaneous BIF deposition on Kaapvaal and Pilbara Cratons

Pickard, A. (2003) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/s0301-9268(03)00113-x · Cited by 161 · see citing works

Rhenium and osmium isotopes in black shales and Ni-Mo-PGE-rich sulfide layers, Yukon Territory, Canada, and Hunan and Guizhou provinces, China

Horan, M. F., Morgan, J. W., Grauch, R. I., Coveney, R. M., Murowchick, J. B., & Hulbert, L. (1994) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/0016-7037(94)90463-4 · Cited by 137 · see citing works

Variations of the187Os/186Os ratio of seawater over the past 28 million years as inferred from metalliferous carbonates

Ravizza, G. (1993) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/0012-821x(93)90177-b · Cited by 128 · see citing works

Isotopic determinations of rhenium and osmium in meteorites by using fusion, distillation and ion-exchange separations

Morgan, J. W., & Walker, R. J. (1989) · Analytica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(00)81904-2 · Cited by 127 · see citing works

Variations in the osmium isotope composition of sea water over the past 200,000 years

Oxburgh, R. (1998) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/s0012-821x(98)00057-0 · Cited by 119 · see citing works

Sequence stratigraphic concepts applied to the identification of basin‐filling rhythms in Precambrian successions

Krapež, B. (1996) · Australian Journal of Earth Sciences · doi:10.1080/08120099608728260 · Cited by 112 · see citing works

Re-Os isotope systematics in black shales from the Lesser Himalaya: their chronology and role in the 187Os/188Os evolution of seawater

Singh, S. K., Trivedi, J. R., & Krishnaswami, S. (1999) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/s0016-7037(99)00201-x · Cited by 107 · see citing works

Palaeoenvironmental significance of rounded pyrite in siliciclastic sequences of the Late Archaean Witwatersrand Basin: oxygen‐deficient atmosphere or hydrothermal alteration?

England, G. L., Rasmussen, B., Krapez, B., & Groves, D. I. (2002) · Sedimentology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-3091.2002.00479.x · Cited by 101 · see citing works

Os isotopes as tracers in seafloor hydrothermal systems: metalliferous deposits from the TAG hydrothermal area, 26°N Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Ravizza, G., Martin, C. E., German, C. R., & Thompson, G. (1996) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/0012-821x(95)00216-y · Cited by 79 · see citing works

A possible link between the seawater osmium isotope record and weathering of ancient sedimentary organic matter

Ravizza, G., & Esser, B. K. (1993) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/0009-2541(93)90186-m · Cited by 76 · see citing works

Behavior of Re and Os during low-temperature alteration: Results from Himalayan soils and altered black shales

Pierson‐Wickmann, A., Reisberg, L. C., & France‐Lanord, C. (2002) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/s0016-7037(01)00865-1 · Cited by 68 · see citing works

Miocene seawater 187Os/188Os ratios inferred from metalliferous carbonates

Reusch, D. N., Ravizza, G., Maasch, K. A., et al. (1998) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/s0012-821x(98)00082-x · Cited by 57 · see citing works

A rapid, low-blank technique for the extraction of osmium from geological samples

Brauns, C. M. (2001) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(00)00371-5 · Cited by 48 · see citing works

Re–Os isotopic age constraints on deposition in the Neoproterozoic Amadeus Basin: implications for the ‘Snowball Earth’

Schaefer, B. F., & Burgess, J. M. (2003) · Journal of the Geological Society · doi:10.1144/0016-764903-050 · Cited by 46 · see citing works

Genetic stratigraphy of the paleoproterozoic Pretoria Group in the Western Transvaal

Coetzee, L. L. (2009) · Cited by 45 · see citing works

Contourites associated with pelagic mudrocks and distal delta-fed turbidites in the Lower Proterozoic Timeball Hill Formation epeiric basin (Transvaal Supergroup), South Africa

Eriksson, P. G., & Reczko, B. F. F. (1998) · Sedimentary Geology · doi:10.1016/s0037-0738(98)00038-4 · Cited by 39 · see citing works

The Isotopic Composition of Precambrian Sulphides—Seawater Chemistry and Biological Evolution

Strauß, H. (2002) · doi:10.1002/9781444304312.ch4 · Cited by 35 · see citing works

The Timeball Hill Formation-a fossil delta

Eriksson, K. A. (1973) · Journal of Sedimentary Research · doi:10.1306/74d728e7-2b21-11d7-8648000102c1865d · Cited by 33 · see citing works

The fluorite deposits in the Dolomite Series of the Marico District, Transvaal, South Africa

Martini, J. (1976) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.71.3.625 · Cited by 21 · see citing works

The Kalahari manganese field; an enigmatic association of iron and manganese

Tsikos, H., & Moore, J. M. (1998) · South African Journal of Geology · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Increase of Oxygen in the Earth's Atmosphere and Hydrosphere between −2.5 and −2.4 Ga B.P.

Bau, M. (1998) · Mineralogical Magazine · doi:10.1180/minmag.1998.62a.1.67 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Tracing the stepwise oxygenation of the Proterozoic ocean

Scott, C., Lyons, T. W., Bekker, A., Shen, Y., Poulton, S. W., Chu, X., & Anbar, A. D. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06811 · Cited by 1,098 · see citing works

A Whiff of Oxygen Before the Great Oxidation Event?

Anbar, A. D., Duan, Y., Lyons, T. W., Arnold, G. L., Kendall, B., Creaser, R. A., Kaufman, A. J., Gordon, G. W., Scott, C., Garvin, J., et al. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1140325 · Cited by 1,024 · see citing works

Iron formation: the sedimentary product of a complex interplay among mantle, tectonic, oceanic, and biospheric processes

Bekker, A., Slack, J. F., Planavsky, N., Krapez, B., Hofmann, A., Konhauser, K. O., & Rouxel, O. J. (2010) · Economic Geology · doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.105.3.467 · Cited by 1,013 · see citing works

The Paleoproterozoic snowball earth: A climate disaster triggered by the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis

Kopp, R. E., Kirschvink, J. L., Hilburn, I. A., & Nash, C. Z. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0504878102 · Cited by 565 · see citing works

Iron formations: A global record of Neoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic environmental history

Konhauser, K. O., Planavsky, N. J., Hardisty, D. S., Robbins, L. J., Warchola, T. J., Haugaard, R., Lalonde, S. V., Partin, C. A., Oonk, P. B. H., Tsikos, H., et al. (2017) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.06.012 · Cited by 537 · see citing works

Timing and tempo of the great oxidation event

Gumsley, A. P., Chamberlain, K. R., Bleeker, W., Söderlund, U., de Kock, M. O., Larsson, E. R., & Bekker, A. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1608824114 · Cited by 527 · see citing works

Rapid oxygenation of Earth’s atmosphere 2.33 billion years ago

Luo, G., Ono, S., Beukes, N. J., Wang, D. T., Xie, S., & Summons, R. E. (2016) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600134 · Cited by 371 · see citing works

A 200-million-year delay in permanent atmospheric oxygenation

Poulton, S. W., Bekker, A., Cumming, V. M., Zerkle, A. L., Canfield, D. E., & Johnston, D. T. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03393-7 · Cited by 243 · see citing works

Late Archean to early Paleoproterozoic global tectonics, environmental change and the rise of atmospheric oxygen

BARLEY, M., BEKKER, A., & KRAPEZ, B. (2005) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.06.062 · Cited by 241 · see citing works

Geological constraints on the origin of oxygenic photosynthesis

Farquhar, J., Zerkle, A. L., & Bekker, A. (2011) · Photosynthesis Research · doi:10.1007/s11120-010-9594-0 · Cited by 223 · see citing works

Correlation of Paleoproterozoic glaciations based on U–Pb zircon ages for tuff beds in the Transvaal and Huronian Supergroups

Rasmussen, B., Bekker, A., & Fletcher, I. R. (2013) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.08.037 · Cited by 168 · see citing works

The Paleoproterozoic fossil record: Implications for the evolution of the biosphere during Earth's middle-age

Javaux, E. J., & Lepot, K. (2018) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.10.001 · Cited by 158 · see citing works

O₂constraints from Paleoproterozoic detrital pyrite and uraninite

Johnson, J. E., Gerpheide, A., Lamb, M. P., & Fischer, W. W. (2014) · Geological Society of America Bulletin · doi:10.1130/b30949.1 · Cited by 154 · see citing works

Trace element and isotopic characterization of Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic iron formations in the Black Hills (South Dakota, USA): Assessment of chemical change during 2.9–1.9 Ga deposition bracketing the 2.4–2.2 Ga first rise of atmospheric oxygen

Frei, R., Dahl, P. S., Duke, E. F., Frei, K. M., Hansen, T. R., Frandsson, M. M., & Jensen, L. A. (2008) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2007.10.005 · Cited by 120 · see citing works

The Great Oxidation and a Siderian snowball Earth: MIF-S based correlation of Paleoproterozoic glacial epochs

Hoffman, P. F. (2013) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.04.018 · Cited by 116 · see citing works

Modern rather than Mesoarchaean oxidative weathering responsible for the heavy stable Cr isotopic signatures of the 2.95 Ga old Ijzermijn iron formation (South Africa)

Albut, G., Babechuk, M. G., Kleinhanns, I. C., Benger, M., Beukes, N. J., Steinhilber, B., Smith, A. J. B., Kruger, S. J., & Schoenberg, R. (2018) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2018.02.034 · Cited by 103 · see citing works

Transient episodes of mild environmental oxygenation and oxidative continental weathering during the late Archean

Kendall, B., Creaser, R. A., Reinhard, C. T., Lyons, T. W., & Anbar, A. D. (2015) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500777 · Cited by 86 · see citing works

The age and correlation of the Postmasburg Group, southern Africa: Constraints from detrital zircon grains

Moore, J. M., Polteau, S., Armstrong, R. A., Corfu, F., & Tsikos, H. (2012) · Journal of African Earth Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2011.11.001 · Cited by 58 · see citing works

Continuously increasing δ 98 Mo values in Neoarchean black shales and iron formations from the Hamersley Basin

Kurzweil, F., Wille, M., Schoenberg, R., Taubald, H., & Van Kranendonk, M. J. (2015) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2015.05.009 · Cited by 57 · see citing works

Geologic and Geochemical Constraints on Earth's Early Atmosphere

Farquhar, J., Zerkle, A. L., & Bekker, A. (2014) · Treatise on Geochemistry · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-095975-7.01304-8 · Cited by 53 · see citing works

Two-stage gold mineralization of the Axi epithermal Au deposit, Western Tianshan, NW China: Evidence from Re–Os dating, S isotope, and trace elements of pyrite

Liu, Z., Mao, X., Ackerman, L., et al. (2019) · Mineralium Deposita · doi:10.1007/s00126-019-00903-6 · Cited by 41 · see citing works

In-situ quadruple sulfur isotopic compositions of pyrites in the ca. 3.2–2.72 Ga metasedimentary rocks from the Pilbara Craton, Western Australia

Liu, L., Ireland, T. R., & Holden, P. N. (2020) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2020.119837 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Origin of two distinct multiple-sulfur isotope compositions of pyrite in the 2.5Ga Klein Naute Formation, Griqualand West Basin, South Africa

Ono, S., Beukes, N. J., & Rumble, D., III (2008) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2008.10.012 · Cited by 108 · see citing works

Re–Os isotopic evidence for genesis of Archaean nickel ores from uncontaminated komatiites

Foster, J. G., Lambert, D. D., Frick, L. R., & Maas, R. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/382703a0 · Cited by 167 · see citing works

Genesis of the Wulong gold deposit, Liaoning Province, NE China: Constrains from noble gases, radiogenic and stable isotope studies

Zhang, P., Kou, L., Zhao, Y., et al. (2019) · Geoscience Frontiers · doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2019.05.012 · Cited by 29 · see citing works