Cited by 192Muscle Physiology and DisordersAutophagy in Disease and TherapyMuscle metabolism and nutrition

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Chronic resistance training activates autophagy and reduces apoptosis of muscle cells by modulating IGF-1 and its receptors, Akt/mTOR and Akt/FOXO3a signaling in aged rats

Luo, Li, Lu, A-Ming, Wang, Yan, Hong, An, Chen, Yulan, Hu, Juan, Li, Xiaoning, Qin, Zheng-Hong·2013·Experimental Gerontology

DOI 10.1016/j.exger.2013.02.009

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Abstract

Resistance exercise training (RET) remains the most effective treatment for the loss of muscle mass and strength in elderly people. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Recent evidence suggests that autophagic signaling is altered in aged skeletal muscles. This study aimed to investigate if RET affects IGF-1 and its receptors, the Akt/mTOR, and Akt/FOXO3a signaling pathways and regulates autophagy and apoptosis in the gastrocnemius muscles of 18-20 month old rats. The results showed that 9 weeks of RET prevented the loss of muscle mass and improved muscle strength, accompanied by reduced LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, reduced p62 protein levels, and increased levels of autophagy regulatory proteins, including Beclin 1, Atg5/12, Atg7, and the lysosomal enzyme cathepsin L. RET also reduced cytochrome c level in the cytosol but increased its level in mitochondrial fraction, and inhibited cleaved caspase 3 production and apoptosis. Furthermore, RET upregulated the expression of IGF-1 and its receptors but downregulated the phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR. In addition, RET upregulated the expression of total AMPK, phosphorylated AMPK, and FOXO3a. Taken together, these results suggest that the benefits of RET are associated with increased autophagy activity and reduced apoptosis of muscle cells by modulating IGF-1 and its receptors, the Akt/mTOR and Akt/FOXO3a signaling pathways in aged skeletal muscles.

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Authors: Luo, L., Lu, A.-M., Wang, Y., Hong, A., Chen, Y., Hu, J., Li, X., & Qin, Z.-H.
Affiliations: Soochow University (CN)
Suzhou Vocational Health College (CN)
Corresponding author: Qin, Zheng-Hong
ORCID: Luo, Li
Lu, A-Ming
Wang, Yan
Chen, Yulan
Hu, Juan
Li, Xiaoning
Qin, Zheng-Hong
Venue: Experimental Gerontology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-04
Volume: 48
Issue: 4
Pages: 427-436
ISSN: 0531-5565 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.02.009
OpenAlex: W1985127050
Cited by: 192
References: 69
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 5
FWCI: 7.46
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Experimental Gerontology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Natural Science Foundation of China
Government of Jiangsu Province
Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Keywords: resistance training, autophagy, apoptosis, skeletal muscle aging, insulin-like growth factor I, IGF-1 receptor, Akt/mTOR signaling, AMPK, gastrocnemius, sarcopenia, muscle mass and strength, LC3, p62, Beclin-1, cathepsin L, cytochrome c, caspase-3, aged rats
MeSH terms: Forkhead Box Protein O3, Aging, Animals, Autophagy, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Signal Transduction, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Apoptosis, Receptor, IGF Type 1, Muscle Fibers, Skeletal, Models, Animal, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Rats, Forkhead Transcription Factors, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Resistance Training, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases

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Chronic resistance training activates autophagy and reduces apoptosis of muscle cells by modulating IGF-1 and its receptors, Akt/mTOR and Akt/FOXO3a signaling in aged rats

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