The DOI matches its Crossref record; 222 of the 222 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
How do immune cells overcome the blood-brain barrier in multiple sclerosis?
Open accessAbstract
The presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) restricts the movement of soluble mediators and leukocytes from the periphery to the central nervous system (CNS). Leukocyte entry into the CNS is nonetheless an early event in multiple sclerosis (MS), an inflammatory disorder of the CNS. Whether BBB dysfunction precedes immune cell infiltration or is the consequence of perivascular leukocyte accumulation remains enigmatic, but leukocyte migration modifies BBB permeability. Immune cells of MS subjects express inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enzymes that can facilitate their migration to the CNS by influencing BBB function, either directly or indirectly. In this review, we describe how immune cells from the peripheral blood overcome the BBB and promote CNS inflammation in MS through BBB disruption.
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“Previous studies showed that systemic inflammation contributes to the disease progression and the activation of immune cells allows the infiltration of T and B cells into the CNS, promoting the release of chemokines that in turn stimulate the migration of more immune cells, leading to BBB disruption (Holman et al., 2011; Kooij et al., 2011; Larochelle et al., 2011; Willis, 2011).”
From The impact of microglial activation on blood-brain barrier in brain diseases (2014) · cites this paper as Larochelle et al., 2011
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Astrocyte-endothelial interactions at the blood-brain barrier
Abbott, N. J., Rönnbäck, L., & Hansson, E. (2006) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1824 · Cited by 5,595
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IL-23 drives a pathogenic T cell population that induces autoimmune inflammation
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A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Natalizumab for Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis
Polman, C. H., O'Connor, P. W., Havrdová, E., Hutchinson, M., Kappos, L., Miller, D. H., Phillips, J. T., LUBLIN, F. D., Giovannoni, G., Wajgt, A., et al. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa044397 · Cited by 3,433
A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Oral Fingolimod in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis
Kappos, L., Radue, E. W., O'Connor, P. W., Polman, C. H., Hohlfeld, R., Calabresi, P. A., Selmaj, K. W., Agoropoulou, C., Leyk, M., Zhang-Auberson, L., et al. (2010) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0909494 · Cited by 2,670
The blood-brain barrier/neurovascular unit in health and disease
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JUNCTIONS BETWEEN INTIMATELY APPOSED CELL MEMBRANES IN THE VERTEBRATE BRAIN
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Pericytes are required for blood–brain barrier integrity during embryogenesis
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Daneman, R., & Prat, A. (2015) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a020412 · Cited by 3,437
Self-citationPeripheral inflammation and blood–brain barrier disruption: effects and mechanisms
Huang, X., Hussain, B., & Chang, J. (2020) · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/cns.13569 · Cited by 759
Overcoming the Blood–Brain Barrier: The Role of Nanomaterials in Treating Neurological Diseases
Furtado, D., Björnmalm, M., Ayton, S., Bush, A. I., Kempe, K., & Caruso, F. (2018) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201801362 · Cited by 708
The dynamic blood–brain barrier
Keaney, J., & Campbell, M. (2015) · The FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.13412 · Cited by 616
The impact of microglial activation on blood-brain barrier in brain diseases
da Fonseca, A. C. C., Matias, D., Garcia, C., Amaral, R., Geraldo, L. H., Freitas, C., & Lima, F. R. S. (2014) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00362 · Cited by 572
Metadata
- Authors
- Larochelle, C., Alvarez, J. I., & Prat, A.
- Affiliations
- Hôpital Notre-Dame (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Prat, Alexandre
- Venue
- FEBS Letters
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-05-04
- Volume
- 585
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 3770-3780
- ISSN
- 0014-5793 (ISSN-L)
- 1873-3468
- OpenAlex
- W2007217012
- Cited by
- 405
- References
- 222
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 1.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- FEBS Letters (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada
- Multiple Sclerosis Society
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP89885, MOP14828)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Keywords
- multiple sclerosis, blood-brain barrier, leukocyte migration, immune cell infiltration, blood-brain barrier permeability, reactive oxygen species, inflammatory cytokines, neuroinflammation, BBB dysfunction
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Blood-Brain Barrier, Cell Movement, Humans, Lymphocytes, Multiple Sclerosis, Reactive Oxygen Species, Matrix Metalloproteinases
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