Toxicity, toxicokinetics and biodistribution of dextran stabilized Iron oxide Nanoparticles for biomedical applications
Abstract
Advancement in the field of nanoscience and technology has alarmingly raised the call for comprehending the potential health effects caused by deliberate or unintentional exposure to nanoparticles. Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles have an increasing number of biomedical applications and hence a complete toxicological profile of the nanomaterial is therefore a mandatory requirement prior to its intended usage to ensure safety and to minimize potential health hazards upon its exposure. The present study elucidates the toxicity of in house synthesized Dextran stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles (DINP) in a regulatory perspective through various routes of exposure, its associated molecular, immune, genotoxic, carcinogenic effects and bio distribution profile. Synthesized ferrite nanomaterials were successfully coated with dextran (<25nm) and were physicochemically characterized and subjected to in vitro and in vivo toxicity evaluations. The results suggest that surface coating of ferrite nanoparticles with dextran helps in improvising particle stability in biological environments. The nanoparticles do not seem to induce oxidative stress mediated toxicological effects, nor altered physiological process or behavior changes or visible pathological lesions. Furthermore no anticipated health hazards are likely to be associated with the use of DINP and could be concluded that the synthesized DINP is nontoxic/safe to be used for biomedical applications.
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While dextran has no direct cytotoxic effects, degradation of the dextran shell may influence certain cellular processes.
“It has to be kept in mind in this regard that while dextran has no direct cytotoxic effects, the degradation of the dextran shell may influence certain cellular processes [30, 65, 86, 87].”
From Iron oxide nanoparticles: Diagnostic, therapeutic and theranostic applications (2019) · cites this paper as [30]
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BackgroundNanomaterials in Liquid Chromatography: Recent Advances in Stationary Phases
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“The chemical co-precipitation technique is mainly based on finalizing customized MNPs by adding weak or strong bases by adjusting synthesis parameters (such as Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio, temperature, pH, type of salt, and type of alkaline) [66,78].”
MethodBioactivity, biocompatibility, and toxicity of metal oxides
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- Authors
- Remya, N. S., Syama, S., Sabareeswaran, A., & Mohanan, P. V.
- Affiliations
- Sree Chitra Thirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Mohanan, P.V.
- Venue
- International Journal of Pharmaceutics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-09
- Volume
- 511
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 586-598
- ISSN
- 0378-5173 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2499607743
- Cited by
- 97
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 4.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2021-09-05)
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Pharmaceutics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Nanomission, Department of Science and Technology (SR/NM/NS-90/2008)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Characterization and Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Keywords
- ferrite nanoparticles, nanoparticle toxicity, toxicokinetics, tissue distribution, genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, oxidative stress, immunotoxicity, surface coating, nanoparticle stability, biomedical applications, nanomaterial safety
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Dextrans, Ferric Compounds, Guinea Pigs, Tissue Distribution, Rats, Wistar, Cell Proliferation, Mice, Rats, Nanoparticles, Toxicokinetics
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