Immunological properties of engineered nanomaterials
Abstract
Most research on the toxicology of nanomaterials has focused on the effects of nanoparticles that enter the body accidentally. There has been much less research on the toxicology of nanoparticles that are used for biomedical applications, such as drug delivery or imaging, in which the nanoparticles are deliberately placed in the body. Moreover, there are no harmonized standards for assessing the toxicity of nanoparticles to the immune system (immunotoxicity). Here we review recent research on immunotoxicity, along with data on a range of nanotechnology-based drugs that are at different stages in the approval process. Research shows that nanoparticles can stimulate and/or suppress the immune responses, and that their compatibility with the immune system is largely determined by their surface chemistry. Modifying these factors can significantly reduce the immunotoxicity of nanoparticles and make them useful platforms for drug delivery.
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Properties such as size, surface charge, hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, and steric effects of particle coating influence compatibility of nanoparticles with immune system.
“Additionally, the properties such as size, surface charge, hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, and the steric effects of particle coating have influence on the compatibility of nanoparticles with the immune system [147–150].”
From Non-viral delivery systems for CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing: challenges and opportunities (2018) · cites this paper as [149]
Formation of specific antibodies against nanoparticles may affect efficacy and safety of nanoparticle-based therapeutics.
“It is worth noting that formation of specific antibodies against nanoparticles may affect the efficacy and the safety of nanoparticle-based therapeutics [149, 150].”
From Non-viral delivery systems for CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing: challenges and opportunities (2018) · cites this paper as [149]
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- Authors
- Dobrovolskaia, M. A., & McNeil, S. E.
- Affiliations
- National Cancer Institute (US)
- Science Applications International Corporation (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dobrovolskaia, Marina A.
- Venue
- Nature Nanotechnology
- Published
- 2007-07-29
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 469-478
- ISSN
- 1748-3387 (ISSN-L)
- 1748-3395
- OpenAlex
- W1992215904
- Cited by
- 1,823
- References
- 119
- Citations by year
- 2026: 94 · 2025: 82 · 2024: 64 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 73 · 2021: 102 · 2020: 108 · 2019: 111 · 2018: 115 · 2017: 108 · 2016: 112 · 2015: 121 · 2014: 135 · 2013: 125 · 2012: 138
- FWCI
- 3.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nature Nanotechnology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- National Institutes of Health (n01co12400-79-0-22)
- National Cancer Institute (N01CO12400)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotoxicology and immune responses
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Keywords
- immunotoxicity, engineered nanomaterials, nanoparticles, nanomedicine, drug delivery, surface chemistry, immunomodulation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Immunotoxins, Humans, Drug Delivery Systems, Nanostructures
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