Default-Mode Network Abnormalities in Pediatric Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Open accessAbstract
Objective Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) studies of adult posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have identified default-mode network (DMN) abnormalities, including reduced within-network connectivity and reduced anticorrelation between the DMN and task-positive network (TPN). However, no prior studies have specifically examined DMN connectivity in pediatric PTSD, which may differ due to neurodevelopmental factors.Method A total of 29 youth with PTSD and 30 nontraumatized healthy youth of comparable age and sex completed rs-fMRI. DMN properties were examined using posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) seed-based connectivity and independent component analysis (ICA).Results Contrary to findings in adult studies, youth with PTSD displayed increased connectivity within the DMN, including increased PCC-inferior parietal gyrus connectivity, and age-related increases in PCC-ventromedial prefrontal cortex connectivity. Strikingly, youth with PTSD also displayed greater anticorrelation between the PCC and multiple nodes within salience and attentional control networks of the TPN. ICA revealed greater anticorrelation between the entire DMN and TPN networks in youth with PTSD. Furthermore, DMN and TPN connectivity strength were positively and negatively associated, respectively, with re-experiencing symptoms of PTSD.Conclusion Pediatric PTSD is characterized by heightened within-DMN connectivity, which may contribute to re-experiencing symptoms of PTSD and is consistent with the role of the DMN in autobiographical memory. At the same time, greater anticorrelation between the DMN and attentional control networks may represent compensatory mechanisms aimed at suppressing trauma-related thought, a notion supported by the inverse relationship between TPN strength and re-experiencing. These findings provide new insights into large-scale network abnormalities underlying pediatric PTSD, which could serve as biomarkers of illness and treatment response.
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CEN/SN strength was associated with lower re-experiencing symptoms.
“CEN/SN strength, in turn, was associated with lower re-experiencing symptoms.”
From Trauma, PTSD, and the Developing Brain (2017) · cites this paper as [69]
The Results (Post Hoc Analyses; page unavailable) report that greater task-positive network (TPN) connectivity strength was associated with fewer re-experiencing symptoms in youth with PTSD. The paper describes the TPN as including salience and attention subnetworks, but it does not report a separate association for CEN/SN strength specifically. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn contrast to adult PTSD, youth with PTSD showed increased connectivity within DMN, combined with greater anti-correlation between DMN and CEN/SN.
“In contrast to findings in adult PTSD, youth with PTSD showed increased connectivity within the DMN, combined with greater anti-correlation between the DMN and CEN/SN.”
From Trauma, PTSD, and the Developing Brain (2017) · cites this paper as [69]
The Results (Seed-Based Analysis) report increased within-DMN connectivity in youth with PTSD, and the Results (Independent Component Analysis) report greater DMN–task-positive network anti-correlation. The Discussion identifies salience and attention-network nodes in that task-positive network. The paper does not identify or separately test a central executive network (CEN), so that specific label is not established by our copy; no page numbers are available. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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- Authors
- Patriat, R., Birn, R. M., Keding, T. J., & Herringa, R. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Corresponding author
- Herringa, Ryan J.
- Venue
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-04
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 319-327
- ISSN
- 0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4808564
- OpenAlex
- W2265971920
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 6.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000427)
- National Institute of Mental Health (K08MH100267)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Keywords
- default mode network, task-positive network, resting-state functional connectivity, posterior cingulate cortex, inferior parietal gyrus, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, anticorrelation, re-experiencing symptoms, autobiographical memory, compensatory mechanisms, brain development, biomarkers
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Brain, Brain Mapping, Child, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Membrane Potentials, Nerve Net, Neural Pathways, Parietal Lobe, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Case-Control Studies, Prefrontal Cortex, Connectome
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