Subregional hippocampal deformations in major depressive disorder
Open accessAbstract
Background Hippocampal atrophy is a well reported feature of major depressive disorder, although the evidence has been mixed. The present study sought to examine hippocampal volume and subregional morphology in patients with major depressive disorder, who were all medication-free and in an acute depressive episode of moderate severity.Methods Structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired in 37 patients (mean age 42 years) and 37 age, gender and IQ-matched healthy individuals. Hippocampal volume and subregional structural differences were measured by manual tracings and identification of homologous surface points to the central core of each hippocampus.Results Both right (P=0.001) and left (P=0.005) hippocampal volumes were reduced in patients relative to healthy controls (n=37 patients and n=37 controls), while only the right hippocampus (P=0.016) showed a reduced volume in a subgroup of first-episode depression patients (n=13) relative to healthy controls. Shape analysis localised the subregional deformations to the subiculum and CA1 subfield extending into the CA2-3 subfields predominantly in the tail regions in the right (P=0.017) and left (P=0.011) hippocampi.Limitations As all patients were in an acute depressive episode, effects associated with depressive state cannot be distinguished from trait effects.Conclusions Subregional hippocampal deficits are present early in the course of major depression. The deformations may reflect structural correlates underlying functional memory impairments and distinguish depression from other psychiatric disorders.
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The CA1 region is selectively affected in individuals with anxiety disorders.
“Electrical stimulation of the Schaffer collateral pathway (Figure 5a and b) results in robust activation of the CA1, a region of the hippocampus sensitive to stress-induced synaptic remodeling (Dalla et al, 2009; Joels et al, 2004, 2008; McEwen, 2001; McEwen and Magarinos, 2001; Shors et al, 1997, 2001) and shown to be selectively affected in individuals with anxiety disorders (Cole et al, 2010).”
From Divergent Functional Effects of Sazetidine-A and Varenicline During Nicotine Withdrawal (2013) · cites this paper as Cole et al, 2010
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- Authors
- Cole, J., Toga, A. W., Hojatkashani, C., Thompson, P., Costafreda, S. G., Cleare, A. J., Williams, S. C. R., Bullmore, E. T., Scott, J. L., & Mitterschiffthaler, M. T.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Royal Victoria Infirmary (GB)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-10
- Volume
- 126
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 272-277
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3197834
- OpenAlex
- W2024320369
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 5.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia) (submittedVersion)
- Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)
- Funders
- National Center for Research Resources (P41RR013642, U54RR021813, P41 RR13642)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- major depressive disorder, hippocampal atrophy, hippocampal volume, subiculum, CA1 subfield, first-episode depression, acute depressive episode, memory impairment
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Organ Size, Case-Control Studies
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