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Cited by 59Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesPosttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchPersonality Disorders and Psychopathology

Self-injurious behaviors in posttraumatic stress disorder: An examination of potential moderators

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Dixon-Gordon, Katherine L., Tull, Matthew T., Gratz, Kim L.·2014·Journal of Affective Disorders
DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2014.05.033PMC PMC4155484
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Abstract

Background Despite increasing evidence for a relation between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and self-injurious behaviors (SIB), limited research has examined the factors that may moderate the associations between PTSD and both nonsuicidal SIB (deliberate self-harm; DSH) and suicidal SIB (suicide attempts). Nonetheless, research suggests that characteristics of the traumatic event, co-occurring borderline personality disorder (BPD), and emotion dysregulation may influence the relations between PTSD and SIB.Methods Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the moderating role of these factors in the association between PTSD and SIB (including history and frequency of DSH and suicide attempts, and DSH versatility) among a sample of substance use disorder inpatients with (n=116) and without (n=130) a history of PTSD.Results Results from stepwise regression analyses indicate that sexual assault-related PTSD predicted suicide attempt frequency and DSH versatility among those with PTSD. Furthermore, results from hierarchical linear and logistic regression analyses suggest that co-occurring BPD moderates the relationship between PTSD and both DSH history and versatility and emotion dysregulation moderates the relationship between PTSD and DSH frequency. Specifically, the relations between PTSD and DSH outcomes were stronger among participants with co-occurring BPD and higher levels of emotion dysregulation.Limitations This study is limited by its reliance on cross-sectional, self-report data.Conclusions Despite limitations, findings suggest distinct risk factors for suicide attempts and DSH, and highlight the importance of examining characteristics of the trauma and associated BPD and emotion dysregulation in assessing risk for SIB in PTSD.

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  • Several studies did not find statistically significant associations or evidence of emotional dysregulation between patients with and without suicide attempts.

    “Several studies did not find statistically significant associations [30,32,35,45] or evidence of emotional dysregulation between patients with and without suicide attempts [44,54,62,63,67].”

    From The Role of Emotion Dysregulation in Understanding Suicide Risk: A Systematic Review of the Literature (2024) · cites this paper as [35]

    The Results (Primary Analyses; page unavailable) report that emotion dysregulation did not moderate the relationship between PTSD and suicide-attempt outcomes. That is a narrower finding than the cited claim: the paper does not establish that emotion dysregulation did not differ between patients with and without suicide attempts. (LLM, conf=0.82)

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  1. First MB Spitzer RL Gibbon M Williams JBW 1996 Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders – Patient Edition SCID-I/P, Version 2.0 New York, NY New York State Psychiatric Institute Unpublished measure

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Authors
Dixon-Gordon, K. L., Tull, M. T., & Gratz, K. L.
Affiliations
University of Mississippi Medical Center (US)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Affective Disorders
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-09
Volume
166
Pages
359-367
ISSN
0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jad.2014.05.033
PMC
PMC4155484
OpenAlex
W2039703518
Cited by
59
References
106
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 1
FWCI
6.69
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Keywords
post-traumatic stress disorder, self-harm, suicide attempts, borderline personality disorder, emotional dysregulation, sexual assault, trauma characteristics, moderators
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Suicide, Attempted, Self-Injurious Behavior, Substance-Related Disorders

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