How Often, or How Many Ways: Clarifying the Relationship Between Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Suicidality
Abstract
This study clarified the association of maladaptive, potentially self-damaging behaviors with suicidality. Specifically, we examined whether greater frequency (i.e., how often) or greater versatility (i.e., how many ways) of several self-damaging behaviors, including non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), substance use, and disordered eating, increased risk for suicide. Participants who engaged in NSSI (N = 142) completed questionnaires assessing suicidal and self-damaging behavior at baseline and engagement in suicidal behaviors (e.g., ideation, attempts, talking about suicide) 3 months later. Results suggest that the versatility rather than frequency of self-damaging behaviors is most robustly associated with suicide risk. Engaging in multiple methods of NSSI and using a greater number of illicit substances were positively associated with suicide risk. Further, versatility of NSSI interacted with depression to predict suicide risk at 3-month follow-up such that highly depressed participants who engaged in more methods of NSSI exhibited highest risk, whereas those who engaged in more methods with low depression exhibited the lowest risk.
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Significant reductions across all assessment points in deliberate self-harm versatility lend support to the potential utility of ERGT in decreasing risk for self-injurious behaviours in general.
“Importantly, we found significant reductions across all assessment points in DSH versatility (ie, a marker of DSH severity associated with future suicide risk).29 This finding lends support to the potential utility of ERGT in decreasing risk for self-injurious behaviours in general.”
From Emotion regulation group therapy for deliberate self-harm: A multi-site evaluation in routine care using an uncontrolled open trial design (2017) · cites this paper as [29]
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- Authors
- Turner, B. J., Layden, B. K., Butler, S. M., & Chapman, A. L.
- Affiliations
- Simon Fraser University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Chapman, Alexander L.
- Venue
- Archives of Suicide Research
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2013-10
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 397-415
- ISSN
- 1381-1118 (ISSN-L)
- 1543-6136
- OpenAlex
- W1966487085
- Cited by
- 135
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 7
- FWCI
- 10.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Suicide Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health via Writing
- Keywords
- non-suicidal self-injury, suicidality, suicide risk, behavior frequency, substance use, disordered eating, depression, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Suicide, Attempted, Self-Injurious Behavior, Substance-Related Disorders, Young Adult, Suicidal Ideation
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