The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Psychological, Physical, and Academic Correlates of Cyberbullying and Traditional Bullying
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between children's and adolescents' experiences with cyberbullying and traditional bullying and psychological health, physical health, and academic performance. METHODS: Nine hundred thirty-one students in grades 6 through 12 completed an anonymous survey examining their experiences with cyberbullying and traditional bullying. Also included were measures of anxiety, depression, self-esteem, physical well-being, school attendance, and academic performance. RESULTS: Participants were categorized as belonging to one of four groups: cyber victims, cyberbullies, cyber bully/victims, and those not involved in cyberbullying. A similar categorization was done with traditional bullying. Those in the bully/victim groups (and particularly the cyber bully/victim group) had the most negative scores on most measures of psychological health, physical, health, and academic performance. CONCLUSIONS: There appears to be a substantial, although not perfect, overlap between involvement in traditional bullying and cyberbullying. Additionally, the physical, psychological, and academic correlates of the two types of bullying resembled one another.
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“Unlike traditional bullying, which often involves physical disparities142, cyberbullying occurs online, enabling victims to become bullies more easily due to the absence of physical disadvantage143.”
From Umbrella review of meta-analyses on the risk factors, protective factors, consequences and interventions of cyberbullying victimization (2024) · cites this paper as [143]
In the citing paper
“Kowalski and Limber (2013), noted that involvement in bullying actually contributes to approximately 4-7% of the variance in suicidality.”
From A review of cyberbullying and suggestions for online psychological therapy (2015) · cites this paper as Kowalski and Limber, 2013
In the citing paper
“Kowalski and Limber (2013) | Grades 6-12 | 931 United States Bully/victim | Psychological health and academic achievement”
From A review of cyberbullying and suggestions for online psychological therapy (2015) · cites this paper as Kowalski and Limber (2013)
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kowalski, R. M., & Limber, S. P.
- Affiliations
- Clemson University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kowalski, Robin M.
- Venue
- Journal of Adolescent Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-07
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- S13-S20
- ISSN
- 1054-139X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2125460309
- Cited by
- 1,295
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 38 · 2025: 89 · 2024: 95 · 2023: 114 · 2022: 116 · 2021: 143 · 2020: 121 · 2019: 140 · 2018: 141 · 2017: 93 · 2016: 75 · 2015: 85 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 100.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Adolescent Health (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Workplace Violence and Bullying
- Keywords
- cyberbullying, traditional bullying, bullying victims, bully-victims, cyberbullying perpetrators, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, physical health, school attendance, academic performance, adolescents, children
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Anxiety, Child, Data Collection, Depression, Educational Status, Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Pennsylvania, Psychological Tests, Self Concept, Internet, Young Adult, Bullying
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