Temporal dietary patterns derived among the adult participants of the national health and nutrition examination survey 1999-2004 are associated with diet quality

Eicher-Miller, Heather A.; Khanna, Nitin; Boushey, Carol J.; Gelfand, Saul B.; Delp, Edward J.

doi:10.1016/j.jand.2015.05.014

Cited by 57Nutritional Studies and DietNutrition, Health and Food BehaviorDietary Effects on Health

Temporal dietary patterns derived among the adult participants of the national health and nutrition examination survey 1999-2004 are associated with diet quality

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Eicher-Miller, Heather A., Khanna, Nitin, Boushey, Carol J., Gelfand, Saul B., Delp, Edward J.·2016·Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

DOI 10.1016/j.jand.2015.05.014PMC PMC4696922

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Abstract

Background Temporal dietary patterns, the distribution of energy or nutrient intakes observed over a period of time, is an emerging area of dietary patterns research that incorporates time of dietary intake with frequency and amount of intake to determine population clusters that may have similar characteristics or outcomes related to diet quality.Objective We examined whether differences in diet quality were present between clusters of individuals with similar daily temporal dietary patterns.Design The first-day 24-hour dietary recall data from the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004, were used to determine proportional energy intake, time of intake, frequency of intake occasions, and mean diet quality.Participants/setting Data from 9,326 US adults aged 20 to 65 years were included.Statistical analyses performed The mean diet quality, classified by the Healthy Eating Index-2005, of participant clusters with similar temporal dietary patterns derived on the basis of individual proportional energy intake, time of intake, and frequency of intake, were inferentially compared using multiple linear regression that controlled for potential confounders and other covariates (P<0.05/6).Results Diet quality differences were present between US population clusters exhibiting similar daily temporal dietary patterns (P<0.001 with one exception, which was P=0.08). Participant characteristics of race/ethnicity, age, household poverty-income ratio, and body mass index were associated with the temporal dietary patterns. The cluster representing the temporal dietary pattern with proportionally equivalent energy consumed during three evenly spaced eating occasions had a significantly greater mean total Healthy Eating Index-2005 score compared with the other temporal dietary pattern clusters.Conclusions Temporal dietary patterns are associated with differences in US adult daily diet quality, demonstrating that elements beyond food and nutrient intake, such as time, can be incorporated with dietary patterns to determine links to diet quality that enhance knowledge of the complicated interplay of time and dietary patterns.

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In the NHANES study (2003-2012) based on data of 11,646 U.S. adults, people consumed more calories and had a poorer diet quality during the weekend, especially on Saturdays, resulting in higher energy, fat, and protein intake.
“The NHANES study (2003–2012), based on data of 11,646 U.S. adults, showed that people consumed more calories and had a poorer diet quality during the weekend, especially on Saturdays, resulting in higher energy, fat, and protein intake; and confirmed previous data from NHANES (1999–2004) that already revealed associations between temporal dietary patters and diet quality (186, 187).”
From Meal timing and its role in obesity and associated diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [187]

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Authors: Eicher-Miller, H. A., Khanna, N., Boushey, C. J., Gelfand, S. B., & Delp, E. J.
Affiliations: Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
ORCID: Khanna, Nitin
Boushey, Carol J.
Delp, Edward J.
Venue: Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2016-02
Volume: 116
Issue: 2
Pages: 283-291
ISSN: 2212-2672 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.05.014
PMC: PMC4696922
OpenAlex: W769155221
Cited by: 57
References: 45
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1
FWCI: 4.99
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Cancer Institute (HHSN261201000579P)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
Keywords: diet quality, meal timing, meal frequency, Healthy Eating Index-2005, energy intake, 24-hour dietary recall, eating occasions, adult diet, racial and ethnic differences, body mass index
MeSH terms: Activities of Daily Living, Adult, Aged, Energy Intake, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Patient Compliance, United States, Body Mass Index, Cluster Analysis, Linear Models, Nutrition Policy, Overweight, Young Adult, Meals, Snacks

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Temporal dietary patterns derived among the adult participants of the national health and nutrition examination survey 1999-2004 are associated with diet quality

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