Cited by 250Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPsychotherapy Techniques and ApplicationsPsychological Treatments and Assessments

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Assessing therapist reservations about exposure therapy for anxiety disorders: The Therapist Beliefs about Exposure Scale

Deacon, Brett J., Farrell, Nicholas R., Kemp, Joshua J., Dixon, Laura J., Sy, Jennifer T., Zhang, Annie R., McGrath, Patrick B.·2013·Journal of Anxiety Disorders

DOI 10.1016/j.janxdis.2013.04.006

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Abstract

Exposure therapy is underutilized in the treatment of pathological anxiety and is often delivered in a suboptimal manner. Negative beliefs about exposure appear common among therapists and may pose a barrier to its dissemination. To permit reliable and valid assessment of such beliefs, we constructed the 21-item Therapist Beliefs about Exposure Scale (TBES) and examined its reliability and validity in three samples of practicing clinicians. The TBES demonstrated a clear single-factor structure, excellent internal consistency (αs=.90-.96), and exceptionally high six-month test-retest reliability (r=.89). Negative beliefs about exposure therapy were associated with therapist demographic characteristics, negative reactions to a series of exposure therapy case vignettes, and the cautious delivery of exposure therapy in the treatment of a hypothetical client with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Lastly, TBES scores decreased markedly following a didactic workshop on exposure therapy. The present findings support the reliability and validity of the TBES.

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Authors: Deacon, B. J., Farrell, N. R., Kemp, J. J., Dixon, L. J., Sy, J. T., Zhang, A. R., & McGrath, P. B.
Affiliations: University of Wyoming (US)
Alexian Brothers Health System (US)
ORCID: Deacon, Brett J.
Farrell, Nicholas R.
Kemp, Joshua J.
Dixon, Laura J.
Sy, Jennifer T.
McGrath, Patrick B.
Venue: Journal of Anxiety Disorders
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-12
Volume: 27
Issue: 8
Pages: 772-780
ISSN: 0887-6185 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2013.04.006
OpenAlex: W2166084011
Cited by: 248
References: 44
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5
FWCI: 15.32
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Anxiety Disorders (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research Online (University of Wollongong) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
Keywords: exposure therapy, therapist beliefs, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, treatment dissemination, therapist attitudes, scale development, test-retest reliability, factor structure
MeSH terms: Adult, Anxiety Disorders, Attitude of Health Personnel, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Implosive Therapy, Male, Middle Aged, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Personality Inventory, Professional Practice, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Sensitivity and Specificity, Reproducibility of Results, Principal Component Analysis

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Assessing therapist reservations about exposure therapy for anxiety disorders: The Therapist Beliefs about Exposure Scale

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