Influences of gender role and anxiety on sex differences in temporal summation of pain
Open accessAbstract
Unlabelled Previous research has consistently shown moderate to large differences between pain reports of men and women undergoing experimental pain testing. These differences have been shown for a variety of types of stimulation. However, only recently have sex differences been demonstrated for temporal summation of second pain. This study examined sex differences in response to temporal summation of second pain elicited by thermal stimulation of the skin. The relative influences of state anxiety and gender role expectations on temporal summation were investigated. Asymptomatic undergraduates (37 women and 30 men) underwent thermal testing of the thenar surface of the hand in a temporal summation protocol. Our results replicated those of Fillingim et al indicating that women showed increased temporal summation compared to men. We extended those findings to demonstrate that temporal summation is influenced by anxiety and gender role stereotypes about pain responding. When anxiety and gender role stereotypes are taken into account, sex is no longer a significant predictor of temporal summation. These findings highlight the contribution of social learning factors in the differences between sexes' pain perception.Perspective Results of this study demonstrate that psychosocial variables influence pain mechanisms. Temporal summation was related to gender role expectations of pain and anxiety. These variables explain a significant portion of the differences between men and women's pain processing, and may be related to differences in clinical presentation.
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Vierck, C. J., & Yezierski, R. P. (2015) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.01.022 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Wandner, Stutts, L. A., Alqudah, A. F., Craggs, J. G., Scipio, C. D., Hirsh, A. T., & Robinson, M. E. (2010) · Journal of Pain Research · doi:10.2147/jpr.s14708 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationA comparison of race‐related pain stereotypes held by White and Black individuals
Hollingshead, N. A., Meints, S. M., Miller, M. M., Robinson, M. E., & Hirsh, A. T. (2016) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/jasp.12415 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationIncreased wind-up to heat pain in women with a childhood history of functional abdominal pain
Crish, S. D., Bruehl, S. P., & Walker, L. S. (2011) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2010.12.032 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
BDNF as an effect modifier for gender effects on pain thresholds in healthy subjects
Stefani, L. P. C., Torres, I. L. D. S., de Souza, I. C. C., Rozisky, J. R., Fregni, F., & Caumo, W. (2012) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2012.02.057 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Naugle, K. M., Ohlman, T., Wind, B., & Miller, L. (2020) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1093/pm/pnaa288 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Athletes and Experimental Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Thornton, C., Baird, A., & Sheffield, D. (2023) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2023.12.007 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Bar‐Shalita, T., Vatine, J., Yarnitsky, D., Parush, S., & Weissman‐Fogel, I. (2013) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-013-3767-y · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Pupillometry: The Influence of Gender and Anxiety on the Pain Response
Garcia, J. B. S. (2013) · Pain Physician · doi:10.36076/ppj.2013/16/e257 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
George, S. Z., Fritz, J. M., Childs, J. D., & Brennan, G. P. (2006) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2006.2270 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Gender role in pain perception and expression: an integrative review
do Nascimento, M. G., Kosminsky, M., & Chi, M. (2020) · Brazilian Journal Of Pain · doi:10.5935/2595-0118.20200013 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Interactions Among Sex, Ethnicity, Religion, and Gender Role Expectations of Pain
Defrin, R., Eli, I., & Pud, D. (2011) · Gender Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.genm.2011.04.001 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Keogh, E. (2008) · Reviews in Pain · doi:10.1177/204946370800200203 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
The roles of gender and profession on gender role expectations of pain in health care professionals
Wesolowicz, D. M., Clark, J., Boissoneault, J., & Robinson, M. (2018) · Journal of Pain Research · doi:10.2147/jpr.s162123 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationde la Coba, P., Montoro, C. I., del Paso, G. A. R., & Galvez-Sánchez, C. M. (2022) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.1080/07853890.2022.2075560 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Exercise-induced Pain Intensity Predicted by Pre-exercise Fear of Pain and Pain Sensitivity
Bishop, M. D., Horn, M. E., & George, S. Z. (2011) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0b013e31820d9bbf · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Is it All about Sex? Acupuncture for the Treatment of Pain from a Biological and Gender Perspective
Lund, I., & Lundeberg, T. (2008) · Acupuncture in Medicine · doi:10.1136/aim.26.1.33 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
The Osteoarthritis Knee Model: Psychophysical Characteristics and Putative Outcomes
Harden, R. N., Wallach, G., Gagnon, C. M., Zereshki, A., Mukai, A., Saraçoğlu, M., Kuroda, M. M., Graciosa, J. R., & Bruehl, S. P. (2013) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2012.11.009 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationFear of Severe Pain Mediates Sex Differences in Pain Sensitivity Responses to Thermal Stimuli
Horn, M. E., Alappattu, M. J., Gay, C. W., & Bishop, M. D. (2014) · Pain Research and Treatment · doi:10.1155/2014/897953 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Central sensitivity syndromes: An overview
Yunus, M. B. (2009) · Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain · doi:10.3109/10582450903284752 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Kang, E., Park, J. E., Chung, C., & Yu, B. (2009) · Journal of Korean Medical Science · doi:10.3346/jkms.2009.24.5.936 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
The Four-Cluster Spectrum of Mind-Body Interrelationships: An Integrative Model
Ezra, Y., Hammerman, O., & Shahar, G. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00039 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Somatic focus/awareness: Relationship to negative affect and pain in chronic pain patients
O’Brien, E. M., Atchison, J. W., Gremillion, H. A., Waxenberg, L. B., & Robinson, M. E. (2007) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2007.04.001 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citationGender role expectations of pain mediate sex differences in cold pain responses in healthy Libyans
Alabas, O., Tashani, O. A., & Johnson, M. I. (2011) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2011.05.012 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Psychological and Sensory Predictors of Experimental Thermal Pain: A Multifactorial Model
Starr, C. J., Houle, T. T., & Coghill, R. C. (2010) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2010.03.014 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
McGillion, M. H., Yost, J., Turner, A., Bender, D., Scott, T., Carroll, S. L., Ritvo, P., Peter, E. H., Lamy, A. L., Furze, G., et al. (2016) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/resprot.5763 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
- Authors
- Robinson, M. E., Wise, E. A., Gagnon, C., Fillingim, R. B., & Price, D. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Florida (US)
- Corresponding author
- Robinson, Michael E.
- Venue
- The Journal of Pain
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-03
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 77-82
- ISSN
- 1526-5900 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1997184829
- Cited by
- 193
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 6.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Pain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (R01DE013208, 1R01 DE13208-01A2)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Pain Management and Placebo Effect
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Sex and Gender in Healthcare
- Keywords
- sex differences in pain, gender role stereotypes, state anxiety, pain perception, thermal pain, psychosocial factors in pain, social learning
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Female, Gender Identity, Hot Temperature, Humans, Male, Pain, Perception, Regression Analysis, Sex Characteristics
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