Size and viewpoint of an embodied virtual body affect the processing of painful stimuli
Open accessAbstract
Unlabelled Looking at one's own body might induce visual analgesia. However, the cognitive and physiological mechanisms underlying such visual analgesia are unknown. Because body and pain representations in the brain are multisensory, and have been reported to partially overlap, we herein investigated whether experimentally-induced changes in bodily self-consciousness (BSC) modulate pain. We measured physiological responses to pain (skin conductance response [SCR]) and the subjective experience of pain, under conditions of manipulated BSC. First we investigated whether looking at a virtual body that was associated with BSC (embodiment) reduced responses to pain, which revealed the effect of BSC on pain processing. Second, we manipulated the visual size of the virtual body during painful stimulation, a procedure known to modulate pain processing when used with biological bodies, but never studied with embodied avatars. We found reduced SCR in conditions of illusory embodiment, and a negative correlation between virtual body size and SCR, whereas subjective pain ratings were not affected by these manipulations. These results suggest that pain processing is modulated during illusory states of BSC and that these changes are greater for larger virtual bodies, which sustains that pain and its physiological mechanisms are associated with the bodily self, opening promising avenues for future pain treatments.Perspective We show that BSC affects the processing of painful stimuli with induction of different levels of pain responses for embodied virtual bodies of different sizes. Our data reveal novel links between pain and self and suggest that embodied virtual bodies are a promising technique for future pain treatments.
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Bodily self-consciousness impacts several perceptual and cognitive functions such as tactile perception, pain perception, visual perception, and egocentric cognitive processes.
“Recent findings have shown that BSC impacts several perceptual and cognitive functions such as tactile perception [48,49], pain perception [50,51], visual perception [52–54], as well as egocentric cognitive processes [55].”
From First-person view of one’s body in immersive virtual reality: Influence on episodic memory (2019) · cites this paper as [51]
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Self-citationDesigning immersive interfaces for clinical applicationsPreprint
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Finding oneself in someone else’s shoes: The role of perspective in literary texts
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Self-citationAvatar Deformity and Task Loads Required to Induce the Sense of Body Ownership
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Neurorobotics for Neurorehabilitation: Clinical Applications and Future Research Direction
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- Authors
- Romano, D., Llobera, J., & Blanke, O.
- Affiliations
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Romano, Daniele
- Venue
- The Journal of Pain
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-03
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 350-358
- ISSN
- 1526-5900 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2184405234
- Cited by
- 53
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 10.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Pain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca) (submittedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Keywords
- bodily self-consciousness, embodiment, virtual body, body size, pain processing, skin conductance response, multisensory integration, pain perception, pain management
- MeSH terms
- Female, Galvanic Skin Response, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Pain, Photic Stimulation, Self Concept, Visual Perception, Young Adult, Pain Perception
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