Pain and fatigue variability patterns distinguish subgroups of Fibromyalgia patients
Open accessAbstract
The current study examined between- and within-subject variability in pain-related symptoms as predictors of pain and fatigue, and identified patient subgroups on the basis of symptom variability characteristics. Two hundred fifty-six fibromyalgia (FM) patients completed daily diaries up to a period of 154 days and reported on symptoms of pain intensity, pain unpleasantness, fatigue, anxiety, and depressed mood. Measures of health status, quality of life, and somatic symptoms were obtained at baseline, and hierarchical linear modeling and cluster analyses were used. Significant intra- and interindividual variability in daily FM symptoms was observed. Higher levels of pain were associated with greater fluctuations in pain unpleasantness, fatigue, and depressed mood. Similar effects were observed for fatigue and individual variability in anxiety also emerged as a robust predictor. Three FM subgroups were revealed: low variability in symptoms (cluster 1), high symptom variability (cluster 2), and a mixed variability group characterized by low fluctuation in pain unpleasantness; moderate pain, fatigue, and depressed mood variability; and high anxiety variability (cluster 3). Cluster 3 exhibited lower social functioning and higher levels of pain, compared with cluster 1. These findings support the dynamic nature of FM pain and suggest the presence of FM subgroups on the basis of variation in mood and pain symptomatology.Perspective FM patients show significant intra- and interindividual variability in pain, mood, and fatigue. Subgroups in mood and pain-related variability emerged, with phenotypic clusters differing across levels of pain intensity and social functioning. Better understanding of the processes affecting pain variability may facilitate targeted treatments for the control of pain.
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Pain-related variables such as pain intensity, mood, and fatigue can vary across and within days in patients with chronic pain.
“This is problematic because pain-related variables, such as pain intensity, mood, and fatigue can vary across and within days [22,23], even in patients with chronic pain such as osteoarthritis [24], rheumatic diseases [25], multiple sclerosis [23] and fibromyalgia [26].”
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- Authors
- Bartley, E. J., Robinson, M. E., & Staud, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Florida Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bartley, Emily J.
- Venue
- The Journal of Pain
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-04
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 372-381
- ISSN
- 1526-5900 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5869098
- OpenAlex
- W2772148013
- Cited by
- 83
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 3.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Pain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Nursing Research (R01NR01404901)
- National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging (K99AG052642)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Keywords
- fibromyalgia, pain variability, fatigue, symptom variability, patient subgroups, pain unpleasantness, anxiety, depressive mood, phenotypic clusters, social functioning, chronic pain
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Fatigue, Female, Fibromyalgia, Humans, Individuality, Male, Middle Aged, Pain, Pain Measurement, Surveys and Questionnaires, Severity of Illness Index, Cluster Analysis, Linear Models, Mood Disorders
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