Validation of the depression item bank from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) in a three-month observational study

Pilkonis, Paul A.; Yu, Lan; Dodds, Nathan E.; Johnston, Kelly L.; Maihoefer, Catherine C.; Lawrence, Suzanne M.

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.05.010

Cited by 423Psychometric Methodologies and TestingAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesMental Health Research Topics

Validation of the depression item bank from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) in a three-month observational study

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Pilkonis, Paul A., Yu, Lan, Dodds, Nathan E., Johnston, Kelly L., Maihoefer, Catherine C., Lawrence, Suzanne M.·2014·Journal of Psychiatric Research

DOI 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.05.010PMC PMC4096965

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Abstract

The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) is an NIH Roadmap initiative devoted to developing better measurement tools for assessing constructs relevant to the clinical investigation and treatment of all diseases-constructs such as pain, fatigue, emotional distress, sleep, physical functioning, and social participation. Following creation of item banks for these constructs, our priority has been to validate them, most often in short-term observational studies. We report here on a three-month prospective observational study with depressed outpatients in the early stages of a new treatment episode (with assessments at intake, one-month follow-up, and three-month follow-up). The protocol was designed to compare the psychometric properties of the PROMIS depression item bank (administered as a computerized adaptive test, CAT) with two legacy self-report instruments: the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CESD; Radloff, 1977) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9; Spitzer et al., 1999). PROMIS depression demonstrated strong convergent validity with the CESD and the PHQ-9 (with correlations in a range from .72 to .84 across all time points), as well as responsiveness to change when characterizing symptom severity in a clinical outpatient sample. Identification of patients as "recovered" varied across the measures, with the PHQ-9 being the most conservative. The use of calibrations based on models from item response theory (IRT) provides advantages for PROMIS depression both psychometrically (creating the possibility of adaptive testing, providing a broader effective range of measurement, and generating greater precision) and practically (these psychometric advantages can be achieved with fewer items-a median of 4 items administered by CAT-resulting in less patient burden).

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The PROMIS depression scale has strong evidence of construct validity, having been validated against the CES-D, BDI-II, and PHQ-9.
“There is strong evidence of construct validity for the PROMIS depression scale, which has been validated against the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) (Choi et al., 2014; Pilkonis et al., 2014).”
From Problematic social media use and depressive symptoms among U.S. young adults: A nationally-representative study (2017) · cites this paper as Pilkonis et al., 2014

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Authors: Pilkonis, P. A., Yu, L., Dodds, N. E., Johnston, K. L., Maihoefer, C. C., & Lawrence, S. M.
Affiliations: University of Pittsburgh (US)
Corresponding author: Pilkonis, Paul A.
ORCID: Pilkonis, Paul A.
Yu, Lan
Dodds, Nathan E.
Johnston, Kelly L.
Venue: Journal of Psychiatric Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2014-09
Volume: 56
Pages: 112-119
ISSN: 0022-3956 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.05.010
PMC: PMC4096965
OpenAlex: W1976407136
Cited by: 423
References: 23
Citations by year: 2026: 42 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 64 · 2022: 63 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 1
FWCI: 13.82
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Psychiatric Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5u01ar057940-04)
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (U01AR052171, U01AR057956, U01AR057967, U01AR052186, U01-AR-057940, U01AR057936, U54AR057943, U01AR057929, U01AR052170, U01AR052158, U01AR052155, U01AR052177, U01AR052181, U01AR057954, U01AR057948, U54AR057926, U54AR057951)
Topics: Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
Keywords: depression measurement, computerized adaptive testing, convergent validity, responsiveness to change, CES-D, PHQ-9, symptom severity, recovery from depression, patient-reported outcomes, outpatients
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Calibration, Computers, Depressive Disorder, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Outpatients, Prospective Studies, Psychometrics, Young Adult, Self Report, Patient Outcome Assessment

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Validation of the depression item bank from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) in a three-month observational study

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