Cited by 104Psychosomatic Disorders and Their TreatmentsPsychometric Methodologies and TestingAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

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Dimensionality of the Whiteley Index: Assessment of hypochondriasis in an Australian sample of primary care patients

Conradt, Matthias, Cavanagh, Michael, Franklin, John, Rief, Winfried·2006·Journal of Psychosomatic Research

DOI 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.07.003

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Abstract

Objective The Whiteley Index (WI) is a widely used instrument for measuring hypochondriacal worries and beliefs. Several studies explored the structural validity of the WI obtaining contrary results concerning the number of factors as well as the item composition. The main aim of this study is to compare factor solutions from previous studies to draw conclusions about the most valid scale model of the WI for administration in primary care.Methods Weighted least squares (WLS) confirmatory factor analyses of the WI were conducted. The sample in study consisted of 1800 patients from primary care practices. Seven different models were compared, including single- and three-factor conceptualisations.Results A seven-item, single-factor model best described the data, while three-factor models were clearly inadequate.Conclusions Results support a one-dimensional conceptualisation of the WI and suggest a certain subscale of the WI, the WI-7, to constitute the most psychometrically sound scale for use as a screening instrument for hypochondriasis in primary care. In addition to psychometric considerations, the brevity and simplicity of the WI-7 also make it attractive as a screening tool in the context of primary care. A cutoff score of 2/3, calculated on the basis of general practitioners' diagnoses, yielded the best balance of sensitivity and specificity in the present study.

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Authors: Conradt, M., Cavanagh, M., Franklin, J., & Rief, W.
Affiliations: Philipps University of Marburg (DE)
The University of Sydney (AU)
Macquarie University (AU)
Corresponding author: Conradt, Matthias
ORCID: Franklin, John
Rief, Winfried
Venue: Journal of Psychosomatic Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2006-02
Volume: 60
Issue: 2
Pages: 137-143
ISSN: 0022-3999 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.07.003
OpenAlex: W2165659936
Cited by: 104
References: 35
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 1.91
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Psychosomatic Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: Whiteley Index, health anxiety, factor structure, confirmatory factor analysis, primary care patients, screening tool, cut-off values, sensitivity and specificity, general practitioners
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anxiety, Australia, Family Practice, Female, Humans, Hypochondriasis, Interview, Psychological, Male, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Personality Assessment, Personality Inventory, Primary Health Care, Psychometrics, Sick Role, Reproducibility of Results

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Dimensionality of the Whiteley Index: Assessment of hypochondriasis in an Australian sample of primary care patients

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