A new questionnaire to identify bodily distress in primary care: the 'BDS checklist

Budtz-Lilly, Anna; Fink, Per; Ørnbøl, Eva; Vestergaard, Mogens; Moth, Grete; Christensen, Kaj Sparle; Rosendal, Marianne

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.03.006

Cited by 129Psychosomatic Disorders and Their TreatmentsFibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ResearchMusculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation

A new questionnaire to identify bodily distress in primary care: the 'BDS checklist

Open access

Budtz-Lilly, Anna, Fink, Per, Ørnbøl, Eva, Vestergaard, Mogens, Moth, Grete, Christensen, Kaj Sparle, Rosendal, Marianne·2015·Journal of Psychosomatic Research

DOI 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.03.006

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Functional symptoms and disorders are common in primary care. Bodily distress syndrome (BDS) is a newly proposed clinical diagnosis for functional disorders. The BDS diagnosis is based on empirical research, and the symptoms stated in the BDS criteria have been translated into a self-report questionnaire called the BDS checklist. The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the checklist and to test the construct of BDS. METHOD: The 30-item BDS checklist was completed by 2480 adult primary care patients in a cross-sectional study on contact and disease patterns in Danish general practice. We performed (internal) validation analyses of the collected checklist data. We also performed factor and latent class analyses to identify both BDS symptom groups and BDS patient groups. RESULTS: Internal validation analyses revealed acceptable and usable psychometric properties of the BDS checklist. The factor analyses identified the four distinct determining factors for BDS: cardiopulmonary, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal and general symptoms. Results from factor and multi-trait analyses suggested a shortening of the BDS checklist (from 30 to 25 items). The latent class analyses resulted in three severity levels (no, moderate and severe BDS); the best fit index was found for a threshold of ≥4 symptoms in a symptom group. CONCLUSION: The results provide empirical support for the previously described construct of BDS with four symptom groups and three patient groups. The BDS checklist is a self-report instrument that may be used for case finding in both clinical practice and in research.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.03.006

Cites

39 of 39 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so the self-check wasn’t run.

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,841 · see citing works
Deciding on the Number of Classes in Latent Class Analysis and Growth Mixture Modeling: A Monte Carlo Simulation Study
Nylund, K. L., Asparouhov, T., & Muthén, B. O. (2007) · Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1080/10705510701575396 · Cited by 11,415 · see citing works
Quality criteria were proposed for measurement properties of health status questionnaires
Terwee, C. B., Bot, S. D. M., de Boer, M. R., van der Windt, D. A. W. M., Knol, D. L., Dekker, J., Bouter, L. M., & de Vet, H. C. W. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.03.012 · Cited by 10,764 · see citing works
Health Measurement Scales: A Practical Guide to Their Development and Use
Streiner, D. L., Norman, G. R., & Cairney, J. (1989) · Cited by 9,595 · see citing works
Reporting Structural Equation Modeling and Confirmatory Factor Analysis Results: A Review
Schreiber, J. B., Nora, A., Stage, F. K., Barlow, E. A., & King, J. (2006) · The Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.3200/joer.99.6.323-338 · Cited by 6,937 · cited 2× · see citing works
“[29,30]): Root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA); b0.”
Method
Statistics notes: Cronbach's alpha: Table 1
Bland, J. M., & Altman, D. G. (1997) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.314.7080.572 · Cited by 5,300 · see citing works
The Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL): A self-report symptom inventory
Derogatis, L. R., Lipman, R. S., Rickels, K., Uhlenhuth, E. H., & Covi, L. (1974) · Behavioral Science · doi:10.1002/bs.3830190102 · Cited by 4,604 · see citing works
The PHQ-15: Validity of a New Measure for Evaluating the Severity of Somatic Symptoms
Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. W. (2002) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-200203000-00008 · Cited by 3,305 · see citing works
SCAN: Schedules fonr Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry
Wing, J. K. (1990) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1990.01810180089012 · Cited by 2,517 · see citing works
Quality of Life: The assessment, analysis and interpretation of patient-reported outcomes
Fayers, P. M., & Machin, D. (2007) · Cited by 1,419 · see citing works
Functional somatic syndromes: one or many?
Wessely, S., Nimnuan, C., & Sharpe, M. (1999) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(98)08320-2 · Cited by 1,211 · see citing works
The Danish National Health Service Register
Andersen, J. S., Olivarius, N. D. F., & Krasnik, A. (2011) · Scandinavian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1177/1403494810394718 · Cited by 892 · see citing works
Quality of Life: The Assessment, Analysis and Interpretation of Patient‐Reported Outcomes
Fayers, P. M., & Machin, D. (2007) · doi:10.1002/9780470024522 · Cited by 865 · see citing works
Management of functional somatic syndromes
Henningsen, P., Zipfel, S., & Herzog, W. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)60159-7 · Cited by 741 · see citing works
Time-Limit Tests: Estimating their Reliability and Degree of Speeding
Cronbach, L. J., & Warrington, W. G. (1951) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02289113 · Cited by 675 · see citing works
Medically unexplained symptoms
Nimnuan, C., Hotopf, M., & Wessely, S. (2001) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(01)00223-9 · Cited by 622 · see citing works
Somatoform Disorders: Time for a New Approach in DSM-V
Mayou, R., Kirmayer, L. J., Simon, G., Kroenke, K., & Sharpe, M. (2005) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.5.847 · Cited by 477 · see citing works
One single diagnosis, bodily distress syndrome, succeeded to capture 10 diagnostic categories of functional somatic syndromes and somatoform disorders
Fink, P., & Schröder, A. (2010) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2010.02.004 · Cited by 334 · see citing works
Self-citation
Symptoms and syndromes of bodily distress: an exploratory study of 978 internal medical, neurological, and primary care patients
Fink, P., Toft, T., Hansen, M. S., Ørnbøl, E., & Olesen, F. (2007) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e31802e46eb · Cited by 314 · see citing works
MAP-R for windows: multitrait / multi-item analysis program - revised user's guide.
Ware, J., Harris, W. P., Gandek, B., Rogers, B., & Reese, P. (1997) · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Psychiatric comorbidity and psychosocial impairment among patients with vertigo and dizziness
Lahmann, C., Henningsen, P., Brandt, T. H., Strupp, M. L., Jahn, K., Dieterich, M., Eckhardt‐Henn, A., Feuerecker, R., Dinkel, A., & Schmid, G. (2014) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp-2014-307601 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Somatic Symptoms of Distress
Simon, G. E., Gater, R. A., Kisely, S. R., & Piccinelli, M. P. (1996) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-199609000-00010 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Is there a better term than “medically unexplained symptoms”?
Creed, F., Guthrie, E., Fink, P., Henningsen, P., Rief, W., Sharpe, M., & White, P. (2010) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.09.004 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Self-citation
Psychosocial risk markers for new onset irritable bowel syndrome – Results of a large prospective population-based study
Nicholl, B. I., Halder, S. L. S., Macfarlane, G. J., Thompson, D. G., O’Brien, S. J., Musleh, M., & McBeth, J. (2007) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2007.08.029 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
The Danish National Health Service Register. A tool for primary health care research.
Olivarius, N. D. F., Hollnagel, H., Krasnik, A., Pedersen, P. A., & Thorsen, H. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Recent developments in the understanding and management of functional somatic symptoms in primary care
Fink, P., & Rosendal, M. (2008) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/yco.0b013e3282f51254 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
The Latent Structure of Medically Unexplained Symptoms and Its Relation to Functional Somatic Syndromes
Witthöft, M., Hiller, W., Loch, N., & Jasper, F. (2012) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-012-9237-2 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Latent class analysis of functional somatic symptoms in a population-based sample of twins
Kato, K., Sullivan, P. F., & Pedersen, N. L. (2010) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2010.01.010 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Reasons for encounter and disease patterns in Danish primary care: Changes over 16 years
Moth, G., Olesen, F., & Vedsted, P. (2012) · Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care · doi:10.3109/02813432.2012.679230 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
“Functional somatic syndromes, one or many?”: An answer by cluster analysis
Lacourt, T. E., Houtveen, J. H., & van Doornen, L. J. P. (2012) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2012.09.013 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Proposed new diagnoses of anxious depression and bodily stress syndrome in ICD-11-PHC: an international focus group study
Lam, T. P., Goldberg, D. P., Dowell, A. C., Fortes, S., Mbatia, J. K., Minhas, F. A., & Klinkman, M. S. (2013) · Family Practice · doi:10.1093/fampra/cms037 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Empirical foundations for the diagnosis of somatization: implications for DSM-5
Rosmalen, J. G. M., Tak, L. M., & de Jonge, P. (2010) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291710001625 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Primary care consultation predictors in men and women: a cohort study.
Kapur, N., Hunt, I. M., Lunt, M., McBeth, J., Creed, F. H., & Macfarlane, G. J. (2005) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Somatoform Disorder in Primary Care: Course and the Need for Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment
Arnold, I. A., de Waal, M. W. M., Eekhof, J. A., & van Hemert, A. M. (2006) · Psychosomatics · doi:10.1176/appi.psy.47.6.498 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Psychological and social problems in primary care patients - general practitioners’ assessment and classification
Rosendal, M., Vedsted, P., Christensen, K. S., & Moth, G. (2013) · Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care · doi:10.3109/02813432.2012.751688 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Unspecified abdominal pain in primary care: the role of gastrointestinal morbidity
Wallander, M.-A. A., Johansson, S., Ruigómez, A., & Rodríguez, L. A. G. (2007) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2007.01529.x · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Persistence of Symptoms in Primary Somatoform Vertigo and Dizziness
Tschan, R., Best, C., Wiltink, J., Beutel, M. E., Dieterich, M., & Eckhardt‐Henn, A. (2013) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e318288e2ad · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Social Anxiety Disorder: Common, Disabling, and Treatable
Zamorski, M. A., & Ward, R. K. (2000) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/15572625-13-4-251 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
[Towards a unified treatment approach for functional somatic syndromes and somatization].
Schröder, A., Fink, P., Fjordback, L., Frostholm, L., & Rosendal, M. (2010) · PubMed · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Sorted by citations

Management of functional somatic syndromes and bodily distress
Henningsen, P., Zipfel, S., Sattel, H., & Creed, F. (2018) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000484413 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology ( HiTOP ): III . Emotional dysfunction superspectrum
Watson, D., Levin‐Aspenson, H. F., Waszczuk, M. A., Conway, C. C., Dalgleish, T., Dretsch, M. N., Eaton, N. R., Forbes, M. K., Forbush, K. T., Hobbs, K. A., et al. (2022) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20943 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Irritable bowel, chronic widespread pain, chronic fatigue and related syndromes are prevalent and highly overlapping in the general population: DanFunD
Petersen, M. W., Schröder, A., Jørgensen, T., Ørnbøl, E., Meinertz Dantoft, T., Eliasen, M., Benros, M. E., & Fink, P. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-60318-6 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Core outcome domains for clinical trials on somatic symptom disorder, bodily distress disorder, and functional somatic syndromes: European Network on Somatic Symptom Disorders recommendations
Rief, W., Burton, C., Frostholm, L., Henningsen, P., Kleinstäuber, M., Kop, W. J., Löwe, B., Martin, A., Malt, U., Rosmalen, J., et al. (2017) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000502 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Bodily distress syndrome: a new diagnosis for functional disorders in primary care?
Budtz-Lilly, A., Schröder, A., Rask, M. T., Fink, P., Vestergaard, M., & Rosendal, M. (2015) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/s12875-015-0393-8 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self-citation
“Medically unexplained” symptoms and symptom disorders in primary care: prognosis-based recognition and classification
Rosendal, M., Olde Hartman, T. C., Aamland, A., van der Horst, H., Lucassen, P., Budtz-Lilly, A., & Burton, C. (2017) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/s12875-017-0592-6 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Long-term outcome of bodily distress syndrome in primary care: a follow-up study on health care costs, work disability, and self-rated health
Rask, M. T., Ørnbøl, E., Rosendal, M., & Fink, P. (2017) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000405 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-citation
Prevalence and overlap of somatic symptom disorder, bodily distress syndrome and fibromyalgia syndrome in the German general population: A cross sectional study
Häuser, W., Hausteiner‐Wiehle, C., Henningsen, P., Brähler, E., Schmalbach, B., & Wolfe, F. (2020) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110111 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Prevalence of functional somatic syndromes and bodily distress syndrome in the Danish population: the DanFunD study
Petersen, M. W., Schröder, A., Jørgensen, T., Ørnbøl, E., Dantoft, T. M., Eliasen, M., Carstensen, T. W., Falgaard Eplov, L., & Fink, P. (2020) · Scandinavian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1177/1403494819868592 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citation
The unifying diagnostic construct of bodily distress syndrome (BDS) was confirmed in the general population
Petersen, M. W., Schröder, A., Jørgensen, T., Ørnbøl, E., Dantoft, T. M., Eliasen, M., Thuesen, B. H., & Fink, P. (2020) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.109868 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Modified 2016 American College of Rheumatology Fibromyalgia Criteria, the Analgesic, Anesthetic, and Addiction Clinical Trial Translations Innovations Opportunities and Networks–American Pain Society Pain Taxonomy, and the Prevalence of Fibromyalgia
Häuser, W., Brähler, E., Ablin, J. N., & Wolfe, F. (2020) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/acr.24202 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Patient characteristics and frequency of bodily distress syndrome in primary care: a cross-sectional study
Budtz-Lilly, A., Vestergaard, M., Fink, P., Carlsen, A. H., & Rosendal, M. (2015) · British Journal of General Practice · doi:10.3399/bjgp15x686545 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Assessment of Somatization and Medically Unexplained Symptoms in Later Life
van Driel, D. T. J. W., Hilderink, P. H., Hanssen, D. J. C., Boer, P. D., Rosmalen, J. G. M., & Voshaar, R. C. O. (2017) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191117721740 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Latent structure and factor invariance of somatic symptoms in the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-15)
Cano‐García, F. J., Muñoz‐Navarro, R., Sesé, A., Moretti, L. S., Medrano, L. A., Ruiz‐Rodríguez, P., González‐Blanch, C., Moriana, J. A., & Vindel, A. C. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.09.077 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Multiple somatic symptoms in primary care: A field study for ICD-11 PHC, WHO's revised classification of mental disorders in primary care settings
Goldberg, D. P., Reed, G. M., Robles, R., Bobes, J., García, C. I., Fortes, S., Mari, J. D. J., Lam, T.-P., Minhas, F., Razzaque, B., et al. (2016) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.10.002 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
The prognosis of bodily distress syndrome: a cohort study in primary care
Budtz-Lilly, A., Vestergaard, M., Fink, P., Carlsen, A. H., & Rosendal, M. (2015) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2015.08.002 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Systematic review of measurement properties of questionnaires measuring somatization in primary care patients
Sitnikova, K., Dijkstra‐Kersten, S. M. A., Mokkink, L. B., Terluin, B., van Marwijk, H., Leone, S. S., van der Horst, H. E., & van der Wouden, J. C. (2017) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.10.005 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Effectiveness of a symptom-clinic intervention delivered by general practitioners with an extended role for people with multiple and persistent physical symptoms in England: the Multiple Symptoms Study 3 pragmatic, multicentre, parallel-group, individually randomised controlled trial
Burton, C., Mooney, C., Sutton, L., White, D., Dawson, J., Neilson, A. R., Rowlands, G., Thomas, S., Horspool, M., Fryer, K., et al. (2024) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00700-1 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
RIFD – A brief clinical research interview for functional somatic disorders and health anxiety
Petersen, M. W., Schröder, A., Jørgensen, T., Ørnbøl, E., Dantoft, T. M., Eliasen, M., & Fink, P. (2019) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.04.001 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Aetiological understanding of fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic fatigue syndrome and classificatory analogues: a systematic umbrella review
Kleinstäuber, M., Schröder, A., Daehler, S., Pallesen, K. J., Rask, C. U., Sanyer, M., Van den Bergh, O., Weinreich Petersen, M., & Rosmalen, J. G. M. (2023) · Clinical Psychology in Europe · doi:10.32872/cpe.11179 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Validation of the German version of the Bodily Distress Syndrome 25 checklist in a representative German population sample
Schmalbach, B., Roenneberg, C., Hausteiner-Wiehle, C., Henningsen, P., Brähler, E., Zenger, M., & Häuser, W. (2020) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.109991 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Brief assessment of subjective health complaints: Development, validation and population norms of a brief form of the Giessen Subjective Complaints List (GBB-8)
Kliem, S., Lohmann, A., Klatt, T., Mößle, T., Rehbein, F., Hinz, A., Beutel, M. E., & Brähler, E. (2017) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.02.003 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
A step towards a new delimitation of functional somatic syndromes: A latent class analysis of symptoms in a population-based cohort study
Eliasen, M., Schröder, A., Fink, P., Kreiner, S., Dantoft, T. M., Poulsen, C. H., Petersen, M. W., Eplov, L. F., Skovbjerg, S., & Jørgensen, T. (2018) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2018.03.002 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self‐reported symptoms of binge‐eating disorder among adolescents in a community‐based Danish cohort—A study of prevalence, correlates, and impact
Olsen, E. M., Koch, S. V., Skovgaard, A. M., & Strandberg‐Larsen, K. (2020) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.23458 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Assessment of functional somatic disorders in epidemiological research: Self-report questionnaires versus diagnostic interviews
Petersen, M. W., Ørnbøl, E., Dantoft, T. M., & Fink, P. (2021) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110491 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Somatic symptom profiles in the general population: a latent class analysis in a Danish population-based health survey
Eliasen, M., Jørgensen, T., Schröder, A., Dantoft, T. M., Fink, P., Poulsen, C. H., Johansen, N. B., Eplov, L. F., Skovbjerg, S., & Kreiner, S. (2017) · Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.2147/clep.s137167 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Feasibility of group-based acceptance and commitment therapy for adolescents (AHEAD) with multiple functional somatic syndromes: A pilot study
Kallesøe, K. H., Schröder, A., Wicksell, R. K., Preuss, T., Jensen, J. S., & Rask, C. U. (2020) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02862-z · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Social position and functional somatic disorders: The DanFunD study
Schovsbo, S. U., Dantoft, T. M., Thuesen, B. H., Leth-Møller, K., Eplov, L. F., Petersen, M. W., Jørgensen, T., & Osler, M. (2021) · Scandinavian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1177/14034948211056752 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
The BDS checklist as measure of illness severity: a cross-sectional cohort study in the Danish general population, primary care and specialised setting
Petersen, M. W., Rosendal, M., Ørnbøl, E., Fink, P., Jørgensen, T., Dantoft, T. M., & Schröder, A. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042880 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Comparing group-based acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) with enhanced usual care for adolescents with functional somatic syndromes: A study protocol for a randomised trial
Kallesøe, K. H., Schröder, A., Wicksell, R. K., Fink, P., Ørnbøl, E., & Rask, C. U. (2016) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012743 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Development of an eHealth programme for self-management of persistent physical symptoms: a qualitative study on user needs in general practice
Rask, M. T., Jakobsen, P. R., Clemensen, J., Rosendal, M., & Frostholm, L. (2021) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/s12875-021-01380-5 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Neuroticism, perceived stress, adverse life events and self-efficacy as predictors of the development of functional somatic disorders: longitudinal population-based study (DanFunD)
Petersen, M. W., Carstensen, T. B. W., Wellnitz, K. B., Ørnbøl, E., Frostholm, L., Dantoft, T. M., Jørgensen, T., Eplov, L. F., & Fink, P. (2024) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2023.644 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
The Danish High-Risk and Resilience Study—VIA 15 – A Study Protocol for the Third Clinical Assessment of a Cohort of 522 Children Born to Parents Diagnosed With Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder and Population-Based Controls
Thorup, A. A. E., Hemager, N., Bliksted, V., Greve, A. N., Ohland, J., Wilms, M., Rohd, S. B., Birk, M., Bundgaard, A. F., Laursen, A. F., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.809807 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Developmental study of treatment fidelity, safety and acceptability of a Symptoms Clinic intervention delivered by General Practitioners to patients with multiple medically unexplained symptoms
Morton, L., Elliott, A., Thomas, R. E., Cleland, J., Deary, V., & Burton, C. D. (2016) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.03.008 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Group‐based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (AHEAD) for adolescents with multiple functional somatic syndromes: A randomised trial
Kallesøe, K. H., Schröder, A., Jensen, J. S., Wicksell, R. K., & Rask, C. U. (2021) · JCPP Advances · doi:10.1002/jcv2.12047 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Three different approaches to delimitation of functional somatic disorders: DanFunD
Petersen, M. W., Schröder, A., Eliasen, M., Fink, P., Dantoft, T. M., & Jørgensen, T. (2021) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110475 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
High Perceived Stress and Low Self-Efficacy are Associated with Functional Somatic Disorders: The DanFunD Study
Petersen, M. W., Carstensen, T. B. W., Frostholm, L., Wellnitz, K. B., Ørnbøl, E., Jørgensen, T., Eplov, L. F., Dantoft, T. M., & Fink, P. (2023) · Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.2147/clep.s399914 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Serum calcitonin gene-related peptide in patients with persistent post-concussion symptoms, including headache: a cohort study
Eggertsen, P. P., Palmfeldt, J., Schytz, H. W., Hay, D. L., Olsen, R. K. J., & Nielsen, J. F. (2024) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-024-12181-y · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Study protocol: a randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of therapist guided internet-delivered cognitive therapy (TG-iConquerFear) with augmented treatment as usual in reducing fear of cancer recurrence in Danish colorectal cancer survivors
Lyhne, J. D., Smith, A. B., Frostholm, L., Fink, P., & Jensen, L. H. (2020) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-020-06731-6 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Risk and Protective Factors and Course of Functional Somatic Symptoms in Young People
Rask, C. U., Bonvanie, I. J., & Garralda, M. E. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815310-9.00004-6 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Somatic symptoms and related disorders in a large cohort of people with epilepsy: A cohort study
Shen, S., Dong, Z., Sander, J. W. A. S., Zhou, D., & Li, J. (2022) · Epilepsia · doi:10.1111/epi.17453 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Characteristics of a Danish Post-COVID Cohort Referred for Examination due to Persistent Symptoms Six Months after Mild Acute COVID-19
Agergaard, J., Ullahammer, W. M., Gunst, J. D., Østergaard, L. J., & Schiøttz‐Christensen, B. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11247338 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Multiple somatic symptoms in primary care patients: a cross-sectional study of consultation content, clinical management strategy and burden of encounter
Rask, M. T., Carlsen, A. H., Budtz-Lilly, A., & Rosendal, M. (2016) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/s12875-016-0478-z · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Network analysis of persistent somatic symptoms in two clinical patient samples
Senger, K., Heider, J., Kleinstäuber, M., Sehlbrede, M., Witthöft, M., & Schröder, A. (2022) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000999 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Fear of cancer recurrence in long-term colorectal cancer survivors: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Lyhne, J. D., Jensen, L. H., Fink, P., Timm, S., Frostholm, L., & Smith, A. B. (2025) · Journal of Cancer Survivorship · doi:10.1007/s11764-025-01746-z · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Can the bodily distress syndrome (BDS) concept be used to assess functional somatic symptoms in adolescence?
Münker, L., Rimvall, M. K., Frostholm, L., Ørnbøl, E., Wellnitz, K. B., Rosmalen, J. G. M., & Rask, C. U. (2022) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.111064 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Exploring the course of functional somatic symptoms (FSS) from pre- to late adolescence and associated internalizing psychopathology – an observational cohort-study
Münker, L., Rimvall, M. K., Frostholm, L., Ørnbøl, E., Wellnitz, K. B., Jeppesen, P., Rosmalen, J. G. M., & Rask, C. U. (2024) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-024-05937-3 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Somatic symptom reports in the general population: Application of a bi-factor model to the analysis of change
Porsius, J. T., Martens, A. L., Slottje, P., Claassen, L., Korevaar, J. C., Timmermans, D. R. M., Vermeulen, R. C. H., & Smid, T. (2015) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.09.006 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Multiple physical symptoms and individual characteristics – A cross-sectional study of the general population
Rasmussen, S., Jensen, C. T., Rosendal, M., Vægter, H. B., Søndergaard, J., & Jarbøl, D. E. (2020) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.109941 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Revisiting the symptom iceberg based on the Danish symptom cohort – Symptom experiences and healthcare-seeking behaviour in the general Danish population in 2022
Sætre, L. M. S., Raasthøj, I., Lauridsen, G. B., Balasubramaniam, K., Haastrup, P., Rasmussen, S., Eilerskov, N., Søndergaard, J., Storsveen, M. M., Wehberg, S., et al. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31090 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Screening for Somatic Symptom Disorders-7(SOMS-7).
Ebrahimi, A., Rief, W., Mirshahzadeh, P., Afshar, H., Nasiri‐Dehsorkhi, H., Roohafza, H., Feizi, A., & Adibi, P. (2018) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Adolescents with functional somatic syndromes: Symptom profiles, illness perception, illness worry and attachment orientation
Kallesøe, K. H., Rimvall, M. K., Schröder, A., Jensen, J. S., Wicksell, R. K., & Rask, C. U. (2021) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110430 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Empirical assessment of functional somatic disorder (FSD): frequency, applicability, and diagnostic refinement in a population-based sample
Smakowski, A., Rosmalen, J. G. M., Löwe, B., Burton, C., & Toussaint, A. C. (2025) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-025-04042-w · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Neuroticism and adverse life events are important determinants in functional somatic disorders: the DanFunD study
Petersen, M. W., Carstensen, T. B. W., Frostholm, L., Wellnitz, K. B., Ørnbøl, E., Lamm, T. T., Dantoft, T. M., Eplov, L. F., Jørgensen, T., & Fink, P. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-24213-6 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
The four week time frame for somatic symptom questionnaires reflects subjective symptom burden best
Joustra, M. L., Janssens, K. A. M., Schenk, H., & Rosmalen, J. G. M. (2017) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.11.006 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Symptom perceptions in functional disorders, major health conditions, and healthy controls: A general population study
Weigel, A., Dantoft, T. M., Jørgensen, T., Carstensen, T. B. W., Löwe, B., Weinman, J. A., & Frostholm, L. (2022) · Clinical Psychology in Europe · doi:10.32872/cpe.7739 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Functional Somatic Disorders, Their Subtypes, and Their Association With Self-Rated Health in the German General Population
Sattel, H. C., Häuser, W., Schmalbach, B., Brähler, E., Henningsen, P., & Hausteiner‐Wiehle, C. (2023) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000001187 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Factors associated with having previously received a diagnosis of fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome and irritable bowel syndrome: A cross sectional DanFunD study
Tattan, M., Ørnbøl, E., Wellnitz, K. B., Hanssen, D. J. C., Dantoft, T. M., Rosmalen, J. G. M., Fink, P., & Petersen, M. W. (2024) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111693 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Somatoforme Störungen – somatoforme Belastungsstörung und verwandte Störungen
Kapfhammer, H. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-49295-6_74 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Five-factor personality traits and functional somatic disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Lamm, T. T., von Schrottenberg, V., Rauch, A., Bach, B., Pedersen, H. F., Rask, M. T., Ørnbøl, E., Wellnitz, K. B., & Frostholm, L. (2024) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102529 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Application and validation of the bodily distress syndrome checklist in a psychosomatic outpatient sample
Wertenbruch-Rocke, T., Hüsing, P., Löwe, B., & Toussaint, A. C. (2021) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.12.005 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Conditioned pain modulation and pain sensitivity in functional somatic disorders: The DanFunD study
Petersen, M. W., Skovbjerg, S., Jensen, J. S., Carstensen, T. B. W., Dantoft, T. M., Fink, P., Benros, M. E., Mortensen, E. L., Jørgensen, T., & Gormsen, L. K. (2021) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.1847 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Coping strategies among individuals with multiple physical symptoms: A general population-based cross-sectional study
Raasthøj, I., Rasmussen, S., Carstensen, T. B. W., Wehberg, S., Rosendal, M., & Jarbøl, D. E. (2022) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.111140 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Designing and Developing an eHealth Program for Patients With Persistent Physical Symptoms: Usability Study
Christensen, O. R., Hedegaard, L., Rask, M. T., Clemensen, J., Frostholm, L., & Rosendal, M. (2023) · JMIR Human Factors · doi:10.2196/42572 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Missingness mechanisms and generalizability of patient reported outcome measures in colorectal cancer survivors – assessing the reasonableness of the “missing completely at random” assumption
Lyhne, J. D., Smith, A. B., Jensen, L. H., Hansen, T. F., Frostholm, L., & Timm, S. (2024) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/s12874-024-02236-z · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Autonomic arousal and heart rate variability in functional somatic disorder - a cross-sectional population-based study
Gormsen, L. K., Mølgaard, H., Dantoft, T. M., Bjerregaard, A. A., Fink, P., & Petersen, M. W. (2025) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112193 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Is reduced heart rate variability associated with functional somatic disorders? A cross-sectional population-based study; DanFunD
Jørgensen, T., Dantoft, T. M., Petersen, M. W., Gormsen, L. K., Winther‐Jensen, M., Fink, P., Linneberg, A. R., Benros, M. E., Eplov, L. F., Bjerregaard, A. A., et al. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073909 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Association between infections and functional somatic disorders: a cross-sectional population-based cohort study
Schovsbo, S. U., Møllehave, L. T., Petersen, M. W., Bjerregaard, A. A., Eliasen, M., Brix, S., Eplov, L. F., Kårhus, L. L., Fink, P., Linneberg, A. R., et al. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066037 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Associations of long‐term clinical recovery and improved quality of life across ICD ‐11 chronic pain categories in a real‐world registry study
Farnes, N., Granan, L., Jacobsen, H. B., Stubhaug, A., & Vambheim, S. M. (2024) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.2250 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Can internal medicine specialists diagnose functional somatic disorders (FSDs)? Training and comparison with FSD specialists
Madsen, M. M., Trolle, C., Fynne, L. V., Ørnbøl, E., Fink, P., & Gormsen, L. K. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0307057 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Welfare benefit utilization for people with functional somatic disorder. A population-based cohort study
Petersen, M. W., Wellnitz, K. B., Carstensen, T. B. W., Dantoft, T. M., Ørnbøl, E., Bjerregaard, A. A., Jørgensen, T., & Fink, P. (2025) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112073 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Multiple physical symptoms and coping strategies over the last decade – Knowledge from two Danish population-based cross-sectional studies in 2012 and 2022
Raasthøj, I., Jarbøl, D. E., Rasmussen, S., Wehberg, S., Sætre, L. M. S., Rosendal, M., & Carstensen, T. B. W. (2024) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111832 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Statistical complexity of reasons for encounter in high users of out of hours primary care: analysis of a national service
Stegink, S., Elliott, A. M., & Burton, C. D. (2019) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-019-3938-z · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Internet-delivered treatment for patients suffering from severe functional somatic disorders: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Pedersen, H. F., Lamm, T. T., Fink, P., Ørnbøl, E., & Frostholm, L. (2023) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2023.101069 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
E-Health Intervention for Fear of Cancer Recurrence
Lyhne, J. D., Smith, A. B., Timm, S., Klein, B., Thewes, B., Girgis, A., Bamgboje‐Ayodele, A., Beatty, L., Fardell, J. E., Fink, P., et al. (2025) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.42112 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Hair cortisol and self-perceived stress in adolescents with multi-system functional somatic disorders
Nyengaard, R., Kallesøe, K. H., Rimvall, M. K., Ørnbøl, E., Wellnitz, K. B., Olsen, E. M., Wyller, V. B., & Rask, C. U. (2024) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-024-05518-4 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Fluctuation of functional somatic disorders in a population-based cohort. The DanFunD study
Schovsbo, S. U., Kårhus, L. L., Bjerregaard, A. A., Petersen, M. W., Frostholm, L., Fink, P., Carstensen, T. B. W., Eplov, L. F., Benros, M. E., Brix, S., et al. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0312031 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Comparison of prevalence and mental health problems across symptom frequency of self‐reported symptoms of binge‐eating disorder in a community sample of adolescents
Andersen, S. T., Strandberg‐Larsen, K., Skovgaard, A. M., Rimvall, M. K., Meyer, L. B., & Olsen, E. M. (2023) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.24023 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Psychosomatic symptoms questionnaire (PSQ-39): a psychometric study among general population of Iranian adults
Heidari, Z., Feizi, A., Rezaei, S., Roohafza, H., & Adibi, P. (2021) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-021-03278-z · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Lipid metabolism and functional somatic disorders in the general population. The DanFunD study
Jørgensen, T., Jacobsen, R. K., Sæbye, D., Petersen, M. W., Fink, P., Gormsen, L. K., Linneberg, A. R., Bjerregaard, A. A., Schovsbo, S. U., Benros, M. E., et al. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0296799 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Exploring the interplay between psychotic experiences, functional somatic symptoms and health anxiety in childhood and adolescence - A longitudinal cohort study.
Rimvall, M., Rask, C., Jensen, J., Olsen, E., Clemmensen, L., Skovgaard, A. M., Verhulst, F. C., van Os, J., & Jeppesen, P. (2024) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2024.03.028 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Validation of the Chinese version bodily distress syndrome checklist in Chinese out-patients of general hospitals
Huang, M., Chen, R., Wei, J., Fritzsche, K., Toussaint, A. C., Zhang, Y., Chen, H., Wu, H., Ma, X., Li, W., et al. (2021) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110702 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Can the Whiteley Index be used to assess health anxiety in adolescents from the general population?
Duholm, C. S., Højgaard, D. R. M. A., Ørnbøl, E., Wellnitz, K. B., Thomsen, P. H., Rimvall, M. K., & Rask, C. U. (2024) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111946 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Cohort profile: The BiCoVac cohort - a nationwide Danish cohort to assess short and long-term symptoms following COVID-19 vaccination
Jensen, C. B., Hansen, K. T., Nielsen, C. M., Hansen, S. N., Nielsen, H. I., Rask, C. U., Fink, P., Dantoft, T. M., Jørgensen, T., Bech, B. H., et al. (2025) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-025-01204-1 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Lifestyle factors as predictors of incident functional somatic disorder. Five-year follow-up of The DanFunD study
Jørgensen, T., Jacobsen, R. K., Petersen, M. W., Bjerregaard, A. A., Schovsbo, S. U., Gormsen, L. K., Eplov, L. F., Linneberg, A. R., Fink, P., Benros, M. E., et al. (2024) · Scandinavian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1177/14034948241283545 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Infancy predictors of Functional Somatic Symptoms in pre- and late adolescence: a longitudinal cohort study
Münker, L., Rimvall, M. K., Frostholm, L., Ørnbøl, E., Wellnitz, K. B., Jeppesen, P., Rosmalen, J. G. M., & Rask, C. U. (2024) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s00431-024-05850-7 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Understanding General Somatic Symptom Burden: Insights from a Systematic Review of Factor Analyses Pertaining to the Patient Health Questionnaire 15 (PHQ-15) and Somatic Symptom Scale 8 (SSS-8)
Hybelius, J., Kosic, A., Salomonsson, S., Wachtler, C., Wallert, J., Nordin, S., & Axelsson, E. (2025) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-025-10365-y · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Are Sexual Assaults Related to Functional Somatic Disorders? A Cross-Sectional Study
Jacobsen, S. A., Frostholm, L., Buhmann, C., Petersen, M. W., Ørnbøl, E., Dantoft, T. M., Bjerregaard, A. A., Eplov, L. F., & Carstensen, T. B. W. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20206947 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Efficacy of patient education and duloxetine, alone and in combination, for patients with multisystem functional somatic disorder: Study protocol for the EDULOX trial
Jespersen, C. P., Pedersen, H. F., Kleinstäuber, M., Fink, P., Wellnitz, K. B., Ørnbøl, E., Schröder, A., Agger, J. L., Vase, L., Finnerup, N. B., et al. (2024) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2024.107524 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Is development and persistence of multiple physical symptoms associated with coping? A longitudinal study over a decade
Raasthøj, I., Jarbøl, D. E., Rasmussen, S., Carstensen, T. B. W., & Rosendal, M. (2024) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2024.10.005 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Validity and responsiveness of GHC-index in patients with amalgam-attributed health complaints
Lamu, A. N., Robberstad, B., Hamre, H. J., Alræk, T., Musial, F., & Bjorkman, L. L. (2021) · Acta Odontologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1080/00016357.2021.1989032 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
A multicenter study of bodily distress syndrome in Chinese outpatient hospital care: prevalence and associations with psychosocial variables
Ma, J., Zheng, L., Chen, R., Ren, J., Chen, H., Zhang, Y., Li, W., Ma, X., Lu, W. D., Wu, H., et al. (2022) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-022-04342-y · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Fibromyalgia revisited: do latent class analyses of symptom profiles in the general population confirm 2016 fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria?
Schmalbach, B., Häuser, W., Brähler, E., Henningsen, P., & Wolfe, F. (2021) · Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology · doi:10.55563/clinexprheumatol/bexjsm · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Relationship Between Childhood Traumatic Experiences and Bodily Distress Syndrome: The Mediating Role of Somatoform Dissociation
Doustmohammadi, F., Tavoli, A., Reshvanloo, F. T., & Abaszad, A. (2024) · The Journal of Genetic Psychology · doi:10.1080/00221325.2024.2315932 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Post-acute non-specific symptoms following COVID-19 vaccination: a Danish population-based study
Jensen, C. B., Hansen, K. T., Bech, B. H., Hansen, S. N., Nielsen, H. I., Rask, C. U., Fink, P., Dantoft, T. M., Jørgensen, T., Labrecque, J. A., et al. (2025) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyaf173 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Recruiting patients with persistent physical symptoms and no specific diagnosis for clinical trials in primary care: a qualitative study of four scenarios
Frumer, M., Andersen, J. H., Rask, M. T., Frostholm, L., & Rosendal, M. (2025) · Primary Health Care Research & Development · doi:10.1017/s1463423625100583 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Healthcare use and costs of functional somatic disorder in Denmark: a population-based cohort study (DanFunD)
Petersen, M. W., Wellnitz, K. B., Oernboel, E., Carstensen, T. B. W., Dantoft, T. M., Bjerregaard, A. A., Joergensen, T., & Fink, P. (2025) · BMJ Public Health · doi:10.1136/bmjph-2025-003318 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Who benefits from multidisciplinary care in functional somatic disorders? Identifying cost-effective patient selection through diagnostic classification groups
Hammerman, O., Rasooly, A., Greenberg, D., Kushnir, T., Yaakobi, E., & Ezra, Y. (2026) · Israel Journal of Health Policy Research · doi:10.1186/s13584-026-00750-7 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Measuring ICD-11 bodily distress disorder symptoms: The development and initial validation of the bodily distress inventory (BoDI)
Levin, Y., Rahamim, T., Bachem, R., Hyland, P., Karatzias, T., Ben‐Ezra, M., & Shevlin, M. E. (2026) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.03.020 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Acute symptoms and subsequent post-acute symptoms following COVID-19 vaccination: A Danish population-based study
Jensen, C. B., Sørensen, A. S., Hansen, K. T., Hansen, S. N., Josiasen, M., Marc, A. H. L., Gram, S. A., Fahnøe, C. L., Nielsen, H., Rask, C. U., et al. (2026) · Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106429 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Oxytocin response to an attachment-related stressor in women with respect to depressive symptoms
Brisch, K.-H., Quehenberger, J., & Oberschneider, L. (2015) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.03.034 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“The HD project” – biomarkers of depression in HIV newly diagnosed patients
Ferrari, S., Menozzi, M., Alboni, S., Miselli, M., Rigatelli, M., & Ghidoni, A. (2015) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.03.050
An integrated neuropsychiatry/paediatric clinic for children with prenatal alcohol exposure: Service model and assessment outcomes
Gregory, G., Danieli, A., & Weisblatt, E. J. L. (2015) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.03.052
Application and validation of the bodily distress syndrome checklist in a psychosomatic outpatient sample
Wertenbruch-Rocke, T., Hüsing, P., Löwe, B., & Toussaint, A. C. (2021) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.12.005 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The BDS checklist as measure of illness severity: a cross-sectional cohort study in the Danish general population, primary care and specialised setting
Petersen, M. W., Rosendal, M., Ørnbøl, E., Fink, P., Jørgensen, T., Dantoft, T. M., & Schröder, A. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042880 · Cited by 26 · see citing works

Authors: Budtz-Lilly, A., Fink, P., Ørnbøl, E., Vestergaard, M., Moth, G., Christensen, K. S., & Rosendal, M.
Affiliations: Aarhus University (DK)
Aarhus University Hospital (DK)
Corresponding author: Budtz-Lilly, Anna
ORCID: Fink, Per
Ørnbøl, Eva
Vestergaard, Mogens
Moth, Grete
Christensen, Kaj Sparle
Rosendal, Marianne
Venue: Journal of Psychosomatic Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2015-06
Volume: 78
Issue: 6
Pages: 536-545
ISSN: 0022-3999 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.03.006
OpenAlex: W2086815936
Cited by: 129
References: 38
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4
FWCI: 6.76
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
pure.au.dk
Licence: other-oa
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Psychosomatic Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Health Research Fund of the Central Denmark Region (1-5-72-4-09)
Committee for Quality Improvement and Continuing Medical Education in the Central Denmark Region (1-30-72-270-08)
Lundbeck Foundation (R155-2012-11280)
TrygFonden (FL-48)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
Keywords: bodily distress syndrome, functional symptoms, functional disorders, psychometric validation, questionnaire development, symptom groups, case finding, primary care patients, general practice, symptom severity classification, cardiopulmonary symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, musculoskeletal symptoms
MeSH terms: Adult, Cardiovascular System, Cross-Sectional Studies, Denmark, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Musculoskeletal System, Primary Health Care, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Respiratory System, Syndrome, Reproducibility of Results, Gastrointestinal Tract, Checklist, General Practice

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

A new questionnaire to identify bodily distress in primary care: the 'BDS checklist

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Self-check

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks