Irritable bowel, chronic widespread pain, chronic fatigue and related syndromes are prevalent and highly overlapping in the general population: DanFunD
Open accessAbstract
Prevalence of functional somatic syndromes (FSS) in the general population varies with observed overlap between syndromes. However, studies including a range of FSS are sparse. We investigated prevalence and characteristics of various FSS and the unifying diagnostic construct bodily distress syndrome (BDS), and identified mutual overlap of the FSS and their overlap with BDS. We included a stratified subsample of 1590 adults from a randomly selected Danish general population sample (n = 7493). Telephonic diagnostic interviews performed by three trained physicians were used to identify individuals with FSS and BDS. Prevalence of overall FSS was 9.3%; 3.8% for irritable bowel, 2.2% for chronic widespread pain, 6.1% for chronic fatigue, 1.5% for whiplash associated disorders, and 0.9% for multiple chemical sensitivity. Prevalence of BDS was 10.7% where 2.0% had the multi-organ type. FSS were highly overlapping with low likelihood of having a “pure” type. Diagnostic agreement of FSS and BDS was 92.0%. Multi-syndromatic FSS and multi-organ BDS were associated with female sex, poor health, physical limitations, and comorbidity. FSS are highly prevalent and overlapping, and multi-syndromatic cases are most affected. BDS captured the majority of FSS and may improve clinical management, making the distinction between multi- and mono-syndromatic patients easier.
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There is substantial overlap of symptoms between various types of functional somatic syndromes, indicating that the syndromes are not entirely independent conditions but different representations of a family of related disorders.
“Nevertheless, a substantial overlap of symptoms has been shown between the various types of FSS, indicating that the syndromes are not entirely independent conditions but different representations of a family of related disorders [8].”
From Internet-delivered treatment for patients suffering from severe functional somatic disorders: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as [8]
The Introduction states that symptoms substantially overlap across FSS diagnoses and suggests the syndromes may be different representations of a common phenomenon or belong to a family of related disorders. The Results also document substantial overlap. The citing sentence presents the proposed relationship more definitively and combines the paper’s two alternative interpretations. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThere is empirically proved overlap in symptomatology between patients with various FSS.
“The clinical rationale for a generic treatment approach is further supported by the empirically proved overlap in symptomatology between patients with various FSS [38, 39].”
From Feasibility of group-based acceptance and commitment therapy for adolescents (AHEAD) with multiple functional somatic syndromes: A pilot study (2020) · cites this paper as [38]
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“The diagnostic distinctiveness of these syndromes in the context of PSS is debatable, because patients with syndromes, which use bodily symptoms as diagnostic criteria, often fulfill the diagnostic criteria of more than one syndrome (4,12,13).”
BackgroundKallesøe, K. H., Schröder, A., Wicksell, R. K., Preuss, T., Jensen, J. S., & Rask, C. U. (2020) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02862-z · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationExpectancies and avoidance: Towards an integrated model of chronic somatic symptoms
Nadinda, P. G., van Laarhoven, A. I. M., Van den Bergh, O., Vlaeyen, J. W. S., Peters, M. L., & Evers, A. W. M. (2024) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105808 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Pedersen, H. F., Lamm, T. T., Fink, P., Ørnbøl, E., & Frostholm, L. (2023) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2023.101069 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationAgger, J. L., Schröder, A., Ørnbøl, E., Jensen, J. S., Pedersen, H. F., Fink, P., & Gormsen, L. K. (2022) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114474 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Petersen, M. W., Schröder, A., Jørgensen, T., Ørnbøl, E., Meinertz Dantoft, T., Eliasen, M., Benros, M. E., & Fink, P.
- Affiliations
- Aarhus University Hospital (DK)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Frederiksberg Hospital (DK)
- Capital Region of Denmark (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Petersen, Marie Weinreich
- ORCID
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2020-02-24
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3273-3273
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7039919
- OpenAlex
- W3007311414
- Cited by
- 170
- References
- 96
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 19.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- TrygFonden (7-11-0213)
- Helsefonden (17-B-0082)
- Aase og Ejnar Danielsens Fond (10-001993)
- Lundbeckfonden (R155-2013-14070)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Keywords
- functional somatic syndromes, bodily distress syndrome, chronic widespread pain, chronic fatigue, whiplash-associated disorders, multiple chemical sensitivity, prevalence, diagnostic agreement, comorbidities, sex differences, physical limitations
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Denmark, Female, Fibromyalgia, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Somatoform Disorders, Reproducibility of Results, Cohort Studies, Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic, Prevalence, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Chronic Pain
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