Hyperandrogenemia and insulin resistance: The chief culprit of polycystic ovary syndrome
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common systemic reproductive endocrine diseases, which has a variety of effects on a woman's health. Because of the involvement of multiple pathways and the lack of common clues, PCOS demonstrates multifactorial properties and heterogeneity of symptoms. Recent studies have demonstrated that the core etiology and primary endocrine characteristics of PCOS are hyperandrogenemia (HA) and insulin resistance (IR). HA and IR are the main causes of PCOS and they can interplay each other in the occurrence and development of PCOS. Just because of this, the study about the effects of HA and IR on pathophysiology of various related symptoms of PCOS is very important to understand the pathogenesis of PCOS. This paper reviews the main symptoms of PCOS, including neuroendocrine disorders, reproductive processes, dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and sleep disordered breathing, which seriously affect the physical and mental health of PCOS women. The increasing knowledge of the development pattern of HA and IR in PCOS suggests that changes in diet and lifestyle, and the discovery of potential therapeutic agents may improve PCOS. However, further studies are needed to clarify the mutual influence and relation of HA and IR in development of PCOS. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge about the effects of HA and IR on PCOS.
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The significance of insulin resistance as a pathognomonic component of PCOS is an area of debate.
“the significance of IR as a pathognomonic component of PCOS is an area of debate [153,154,155].”
From Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Evolutionary Adaptation to Lifestyle and the Environment (2022) · cites this paper as [153]
The occurrence of PCOS is closely related to insulin resistance.
“2) IR: the occurrence of PCOS is closely related to IR (31).”
From Circulating Adipokine Levels in Nonobese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and in Nonobese Control Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [31]
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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review of Pathogenesis, Management, and Drug Repurposing
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The Role of Lifestyle Interventions in PCOS Management: A Systematic Review
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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Evolutionary Adaptation to Lifestyle and the Environment
parker, J., O'Brien, C., Hawrelak, J., & Gersh, F. (2021) · doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0088.v1 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Evolutionary Adaptation to Lifestyle and the Environment
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Mei, S., Ding, J., Wang, K., Ni, Z., & Yu, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.876620 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Insulin Metabolism in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Secretion, Signaling, and Clearance
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Wang, X., Xu, T., Liu, R., Wu, G., Gu, L., Zhang, Y., Zhang, F., Fu, H., Ling, Y., Wei, X., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.806331 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Sarahian, N., Sarvazad, H., Sajadi, E., Rahnejat, N., & Eskandari Roozbahani, N. (2021) · Reproductive Health · doi:10.1186/s12978-021-01203-x · Cited by 30 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wang, J., Wu, D., Guo, H., & Li, M.
- Affiliations
- University of South China (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Meixiang
- Venue
- Life Sciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-11
- Volume
- 236
- Pages
- 116940
- ISSN
- 0024-3205 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2980249081
- Cited by
- 322
- References
- 113
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 53 · 2024: 75 · 2023: 69 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 15 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 3.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Life Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Key Lab for Clinical Anatomy and Reproductive Medicine of Hengyang City (2017KJ182)
- Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2017SJ353, CX20190753, 2015JJ2128)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- polycystic ovary syndrome, hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance, PCOS pathogenesis, neuroendocrine disorders, dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, sleep-disordered breathing, PCOS treatment, lifestyle intervention
- MeSH terms
- Female, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Risk Factors, Hyperandrogenism
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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